To do for thermochemistry lab:

1. Apparatus
2. Materials
3. Diagram
4. Method:
• One polystyrene cup was labeled base, while another was labeled acid.
• 25cm3 of NaOH was measured and placed in the base-labeled cup and
25cm3 of HCL was measured and placed in the acid-labeled cup.
• For both, the initial temperature was taken and then recorded every 30
seconds for 3 minutes.
• After that, the acid and base were combined and stirred for 30 seconds.
• The combined solutions' temperature was then measured.
• For 8 minutes, the temperature was taken at intervals of 30 seconds.
5. Results
6. Treatment
7. Discussion
 What is the reason for using the polystyrene cup?
 What type of reaction is occurring?
 What is specific heat capacity?
 Would the specific heat capacity be the same as water? Why? Why not?
How would this affect the end result?
 Determine the heat absorbed or evolved during the reaction
 Determine the heat evolved when 1 mole of water is formed
 Draw a graph of temp v time, extrapolate curve etc

The polystyrene cup insulates the reaction mixture and slows heat loss from
the sides and bottom. This happens because polystyrene cups are poor heat
conductors, so they can keep the system inside from releasing or absorbing
heat from the environment. During the course of this experiment, a
neutralization reaction was observed. It calculates the amount of heat
produced when an acid and an alkali react to form salt and water. This
reaction's equation is.... The equation demonstrates that the alkali and acid
react one mole to one mole.
In order to calculate the heat evolved/ absorbed in this neutralization
reaction the specific heat capacity must be known. The heat required to
raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1K or 1°C is referred to as
specific heat.
In this experiment, the specific heat was be assumed to be the same as
water: 4.18Jg-1K-1.
 If the solutions are dilute or have a concentration of less than 1 M, the
specific heats of NaOH and HCL solutions can be assumed to be the same
as water because a low-concentration solution contains a small amount of
solute while the solvent still dominates the solution.

The heat absorbed during the reaction was found to be -209J using the
formula heat absorbed/ evolved =msdeltat. To calculate the heat evolved
when one mole of water was formed, the heat absorbed was multiplied by
40, yielding -8.36Kjmol-1. Because the experiment began with 25cm3 of
Naoh, which contains one mole for every 1000cm3, 25cm3 is 1/40 of
1000cm3. So 1/40 mole of NaOH resulted in 1/40 mole of water. As a
result, we were able to calculate the heat absorbed if we produced 1 mole of
water by multiplying the heat absorbed by 40.

8. Limitations
9. Sources of Error
 Improper mixing
 placing the thermometer bulb on slowly dissolving particles,
 inaccurate thermometer readings,
 not enough thermometer readings,
 And spillages
10. Precautions
11. Conclusion