Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Partial Response Signaling

Baseband Digital Communication

Govind Sharma

Department of Electrical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Controlled ISI: Partial Response Signaling

For zero ISI the symbol rate 1/T < 2W symbols/s. By allowing
controlled ISI we can achieve the symbol rate 1/T = 2W
symbols/s. Consider a pulse with samples
(
1, k = 0, 1
g(kT ) =
0, oterwise.

The DTFT is given by

∞
1 X k
 
G f− = 1 + e −j2πfT = G̃(f )
T k=−∞ T

Since |G̃(f )| = 2 cos(πfT ), G(f ) can not have bandwidth less than
1/2T .

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Duobinary signaling

For W = 1/2T we get

(
T (1 + e −j2πfT ), |f | ≤ W
G(f ) =
0, otherwise.
|G(f )| = 2T cos(πfT ), |f | ≤ W
g(t) = sinc(t/T ) + sinc(t/T − 1)

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Duobinary signaling

Physically realizable filters can be designed which approximate this

response.

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Modified Duobinary signaling

Another example of partial response signaling is


1, k = −1


g(kT ) = −1, k = 1

 0, oterwise.

(
2jT sin(2πfT ), |f | ≤ W = 1/2T
G(f ) =
0, otherwise.
|G(f )| = 2T | sin(2πfT )|, |f | ≤ W
g(t) = sinc(t/T + 1) − sinc(t/T − 1)

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Duobinary signaling

Physically realizable filters can be designed which approximate this

response. We can design signals with ISI from more symbols but
receiver becomes complicated and so they are not used.

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Alternate representation of Duobinary Signals

bk Mapper x [k]
0 → −1 + a[k]
+
1→1 +

z −1
Symbols ak are applied to ideal sinc-pulse generator. At receiver
we can subtract ISI due to previous symbol.

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Example of Duobinary Signal

Bit sequence 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
x [k] sequence -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
ak sequence -2 0 0 0 2 0
Decision rule is
1 if rk > 1
0 if rk < −1
complement of previous if − 1 ≤ rk ≤ 1

Error probability increases due to error propagation.

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Precoding
We can subtract the ISI at the transmitter. This can be done on
binary data itself. Resulting sequence is applied to duobinary
generator.

ck = bk ck−1 ( modulo 2 subtraction)

ak = 2ck − 1
rk = ak + ak−1 = (2ck − 1) + (2ck−1 − 1)
= 2(ck + ck−1 − 1)
ck + ck−1 = 21 rk + 1
bk = ck + ck−1 ( modulo 2 )
1
= 2 rk +1 ( modulo 2 )
(
1, if −1 < rk < 1
=
0, if |rk | ≥ 1

G. Sharma EE321A
 Partial Response Pulse Shaping

Example

bk sequence 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
ck sequence 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
x [k] sequence -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1
ak sequence -2 0 2 0 0 -2
For the same bit error performance modified duobinary requires
about 2.1 dB more power (compared to excess bandwidth
systems). Peak power is also more.

G. Sharma EE321A