UNIT 4: POPULATION

A changing population
Demography is the study of human populations. It is affected by birth rates
(tasa de natalidad), death rates (tasa de mortalidad), immigration (inmigración)
and emigration (emigración).
Absolute population (población total) of an area is the total number of
inhabitants in a place or country. To calculate the absolute population, we need:

Census (censo) is a collection of data to calculate population changes. The data

is collected by surveying (sondeos, encuestas…).
Population density describes (describe) the number of people in an area.
Factors affecting population density
● Natural causes: floods (inundaciones), earthquakes (terremotos) and
droughts (sequía).
● Social causes: hunger (hambruna) and poverty (pobreza)
● Political causes: wars (guerras)
● Economic causes: Job opportunities and better wages (mejor salario).
Characteristics of the population of Spain
The population of Spain increased steadily (continuamente) during the 20th
century.

The distribution of the Spanish population

Spain has a population density of 93 inhabitants per square kilometer. Majority
of Spanish inhabitants (mayoría de la población) live in urban areas.

Migration trends in Spain