TEXT 1:

1º A) Emanuel Rugasira is an Uganda businessman. Then years ago he decided to start his
own business.
B) He stopped selling beans to Westerns companies and started making coffee himself.

C) At that time, Ugandan coffee farmers made money by selling coffee beans to Western
companies, who then made coffee and sold it to supermarkets.

D) But after ten years he has finally succeeded.Africans need more confidence in their
business ideas.

E) At first it was very difficult for British and American supermarkets to buy his coffee.

F) Emanuel thought that was wrong and he believed that farmers didn’t earn enough money.

TEXT 2:
A) When this bank was founded in 1695, Scots coinage was in short supply and of uncertain
value, compared with English, Dutch, Flemish or French coin.
B)  In most countries it is only the government, through their central banks, who are permitted
to issue currency.

C) To face growth of trade it was deemed necessary to remedy this lack of an adequate
currency.

D) But in Scotland three banks are still allowed to issue banknotes.

E) The first Scottish bank to do this was the Bank of Scotland.

(Adaptado de un ejercicio de Cambridge)

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Aptis General Reading Part 2

3ª Parte Reading Aptis (cambia)
La tercera parte del reading del examen Aptis General 2020 también cambia. En este caso
parece más fácil ya que es el ejercicio típico de “quién dijo qué/piensa qué”. Antes consistía
en un texto corto de “fill in the gaps” (mucho más largo que el primer ejercicio) con
vocabulario más complicado y en el que te daban una serie de palabras (9-10) y te sobraba
una. Este ejercicio se llama “opinión matching”, en el aparecen 4 opiniones (textos cortos) de
4 personas y una serie de preguntas en las que tienes que decir quien de esas 4 personas es la
que opina eso.

A continuación os dejamos un ejemplo tipo elaborados por nosotros:

PERSON A)
This person is often referred to as a «crazy» scientist, with the implication that he is a rogue, a
bad boy of biology. Yet it is the strict dictionary definition of the word that suits him best: a
person of independent or unorthodox views. And when it comes to addressing the world’s
environmental problems that may be just what we need.
As the head of various firms and institutes, some public and some private, this scientist has
ambitious plans for the planet. By using the power of microbes that his scientists have
discovered deep in the sea and under the ground, he believes we could revolutionise fuel
production and bring down emissions.
PERSON B)
This person is the only anti-McDonald’s activist who has been welcomed to the offices of
David Cameron, David Miliband, Prince Charles, Al Gore and Barack Obama. The founder of
the international Slow Food movement is idolised by rich and leisured foodies for promoting
high-quality, small-scale farming and organising a relaxed life around long lunches. But this
person, an Italian leftie of the old school, has a far more serious purpose. The Slow Food
movement has now expanded across 100 countries and is throwing poisoned darts at the
whole fast food culture and the multinational food producers that between them have wrecked
so much of the environment.
PERSON C)
This person is a UK-trained biologist who runs Ethiopia’s environment protection agency and
has proved himself an extraordinarily effective negotiator. At 2am at the 2002 Earth Summit,
he made one of the most impassioned speeches heard at a global meeting. It had looked
certain that the world’s politicians would back a US proposal giving the World Trade
Organisation the power to override international environment treaties, but he shamed the
ministers into voting it down. No one could remember a personal intervention having such an
impact, and his battles on behalf of developing countries to protect them from patents,
unfettered free trade and GM crops are legendary.
PERSON D)
This person is the young BBC camerawoman who went to an atoll in Hawaii, found wildlife
dead or dying after ingesting bits of plastic, and returned to the small town of Modbury in
Devon with a fine film, and a desire to try to ban plastic bags. In May 2007, the town became
the first in Europe to go plastic-free driven by their own initiative and since then at least 80
other places have decided to follow suit. London Councils, the umbrella group for 33 local
authorities, aims to reduce the 4bn plastic bags sent to landfill from the capital each year and
has proposed a law that would force shoppers to use their own bags or buy reusable ones at
the tills.
1.Who thinks local initiatives can have a large extent on the citizens? 
2.What person thinks that pollution can be dramatically changed with bacteria? 
3.Which one of them thinks that changing a culture will help the environment? 
4.Who thinks that convincing the politicians will help be more eco-friendly? 
5.Who believes that the typical food chains are damaging the environment? 
6.What person believes that using non-conformist science is an effective way of fighting
against pollution? 
7.Who claims that the pressure of local people can change policies?  
4ª Parte Reading Aptis
La cuarta parte del examen Aptis General no cambia, sigue igual. Es la de matching headings,
en la cual tienes 7 párrafos cortos y 8 títulos para enlazar, uno de los títulos sobra. Esta es la
parte que más os cuesta con diferencia, os dejamos a continuación un ejemplo para que lo
practiquéis:
1.Enlightenment ideas
2.Devoted to the American cause
3.Mercenary soldiers from Europe
4.French withdrawal from North America
5.Impossible to remain neutral
6.A valuable support and new expectations
7.George Washington’s heritage
8.Undercover support
A.

From thepoint of view of some Europeans, the American Revolution pitted the ideals of the
Enlightenment, republicanism, and democracy against Europe’s established order, as
exemplified by Britain. Some countries found that watching wasn’t enoughthey joined the
fight.
B.

One of these countries was France. Without France, a very important ally of the United
Statesin the Revolutionary War, the U.S. might not have defeated the British army. The
French supported the colonists for a number of reasons. A weakened England could only
heighten France’s status and influenceboth in Western Europe and around the world as various
countries competed to establish colonies. Some French may have been seekingpayback: only
twelve years before the American Revolution, Francewas at war with Britain in the Seven
Years’ War, and they lost.This resulted in France being forced to giveNorth American
territories to Britain.
C.

Five months after the Declaration of Independence was signed, Benjamin Franklin travelled
to Paris. He hoped to explain the colonialcause to the French, and enlist their support.
Franklin was already popular in France for his writings and scientific discoveries, and he was
successfully able to secure French support. At first, France supported the colonists only in
secret. Gunpowder, ammunition, weapons, and money were smuggled into the country,
hidden in commercial ships. Military strategists crossedthe Atlantic to advise Continental
Armymilitary commanders.
D.

In February 1778, France officially recognized the United States(following the Battle of
Saratoga, in which the Continental Army decisively defeated the British army and gave a
resurgence of hope to the colonists’ fight for independence), and the countries signed an
alliance. French soldiers fought alongside colonists; French and British fleets clashed from
Rhode Island down to Georgia. In addition to manpower, France contributed money and
weapons. In total, France spentthe equivalent of $13 billion helping the colonialcause.
E.

Spain also supported the colonists. First, like France, the Spanish contribution consisted of
money and weapons. But in 1779, Spain joined France withmilitary support. Also like France,
the Spanish navy played an important role in combatting the formidable British fleet. Land
and sea battles were sometimes fought far from the colonies, in the Mediterranean, the West
Indies,and West Africa. But French, Spanish, and Colonial armies were not only fighting the
British. A quarter of all soldiers under the British flag were actually from the area known as
Germany Today30,000 hired men in all. These soldiers were known as Hessians, because
many of them were from the independent principality of HesseCassel.
F.

Native Americans also fought in the American Revolution. Most considered colonists to be a
threat to their territory, and so they fought on the British side. In total, approximately 13,000
Native Americans fought against the colonists. But some Native Americans fought with the
colonists. The Revolution was, for them, a controversial and divisive matter. For instance, the
Iroquois Confederacy, also known as the Six Nations, was a powerful organization of tribes
that tried to stay neutral. But pressed to choose a side, the Confederacy could reach no
agreement; it split up, with two tribes pledging their allegiance to the colonists, and four to the
British.
G.

Other notable figures were two men from Poland: Tadeusz Kosciuszko and Casimir Pulaski.
TadeuszKosciuszko was born in Poland, moved to France, sailed to America, and rose to the
rank of brigadier general. His countryman, Casimir Pulaski, has been called the “father of the
American cavalry.” Pulaski organized and trained the Continental Army’s horsemen, which
had been used mostly for scouting. Pulaski was also promoted to general, but was killed in the
war. Pulaski and Kosciuszko joined the colonists out of idealism. They believed in the
struggle for freedom and self-governance. As Pulaski wrote to George Washington after his
arrival in Massachusetts, “I came here, where freedom is being defended, to serve it, and to
live or die for it.”
Puedes practicar ésta parte con más material de nuestra web:

Aptis Matching headings

Reading Aptis Advanced Parte 2
Matching headings 
Reading Aptis General