DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY

EFFECTS

Generic Name: Exhibits analgesic action by INDICATION: ● An allergic reaction ● Check that the pt is
peripheral blockage pain Fever, mild to moderate pain. ● Flushing, low BP and not taking any other
Paracetamol/Acetaminophen impulse generation. It medication containing
a fast heartbeat (can
produces antipyresis by CONTRAINDICATIONS: paracetamol.
happen when
Brand Name: inhibiting the hypothalamic Hypersensitivity, severe ● Evaluate therapeutic
paracetamol is given
Biogesic, Panadol, Tylenol heat-regulating center. hepatic impairment, or active
thru IV) response.
liver disease.
Drug Classification:
Analgesics, Antipyretics

REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
 DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS

Generic Name: Omeprazole is a member of a Indication: ● Headache ● Assess for possible

Omeprazole
Brand Name:
Prilosec, Omeclamox, Talicia
Drug Classification:
Proton pump inhibitors
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
class of antisecretory
compounds, the substituted
benzimidazoles, that stop
gastric acid secretion.
● Treatment of active ● Abdominal pain contraindications and
duodenal ulcer in cautions: history of
adults ● Nausea allergy to a proton
● Eradication of ● Diarrhea pump inhibitor to
Helicobacter pylori to ● Vomiting reduce the risk of
reduce the risk of ● Flatulence in adults hypersensitivity
duodenal ulcer reaction and current
recurrence in adults status of pregnancy or
● Treatment of active lactation because of
benign gastric ulcer the potential for
in adults adverse effects on the
● Treatment of fetus or nursing baby.
symptomatic ● Inspect and palpate
gastroesophageal the abdomen to
reflux disease (GERD) determine potential
in patients 1 year of underlying medical
age and older conditions; assess for
● Contraindication: changes in bowel
● Diarrhea from an elimination and GI
infection with upset to identify
clostridium difficile possible adverse
bacteria. effects
● Inadequate vitamin
B12.
● Low amount of
magnesium in blood.
 ● Liver problems

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

 CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS

Generic Name: Bupivacaine blocks both the INDICATION: ● Bradycardia ● Monitor signs of
Bupivacaine initiation and conduction of ● Acute pain ● Hypotension allergic reactions,
nerve impulses reducing the ● Postoperative pain ● HTN including pulmonary
Brand Name: permeability of neuronal ● Surgical Anesthesia ● Nausea symptoms (laryngeal
Vivacaine, Marcaine, Zupivac membranes to Na ions ● Vomiting edema,
resulting in inhibition of CONTRAINDICATIONS: ● Diplopia bronchospasm,
Drug Classification: depolarization w/ resultant Patient w/ active CNS disease ● Neuropathy wheezing, cough,
Anaesthetics, Local and blockade of conduction. (e.g. meningitis, intracranial ● Peripheral nerve dyspnea) or skin
General haemorrhage), TB of the injury reactions (rash,
spine, pyogenic infection on ● Potentially fatal: pruritus, urticaria).
inj site, pre-anaesth elevated Cardiac arrhythmia, Notify the physician or
intracranial pressure. Not cardiac and resp. nursing staff
intended for IV regional arrest. immediately if these
Anaesth (Bier's block) and reactions occur.
paracervical block in ● Report an unusually
obstetrics; obstetric epidural slow heart rate
block (0.75% soln). (bradycardia) or signs
of other arrhythmias,
including palpitations,
chest discomfort,
shortness of breath,
REFERENCE: fainting, and
https://www.mims.com/
fatigue/weakness.
● Monitor signs of
metabolic acidosis,
including headache,
lethargy, stupor,
seizures, vision
disturbances,
 increased respiration,
cardiac arrhythmias,
weakness, and GI
symptoms (nausea,
vomiting, and/or
abdominal pain). Notify
physician or nursing
staff immediately if
these signs occur.

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING


Generic Name: Levobupivacaine, the S-
Levobupivacaine enantiomer of bupivacaine, is
Hydrochloride a long-acting local
anaesthetic of the amino
Brand Name: amide class. It blocks the
Chirocaine, Levo-anawin nerve impulse generation and
conduction in sensory and
Drug Classification: motor nerves by mainly
Anaesthetics - Local & interacting with the
General intracellular portion of
voltage-gated Na channel on
the cell membrane.
Additionally, levobupivacaine
also interferes with the
transmission and conduction
REFERENCE: of impulse in other tissues.
https://www.mims.com/
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Indication: ● Acute allergic
● Acute pain reactions ● Monitor for and
● Surgical anesthesia ● CV effects immediately report:
Hypotension,
(epidural, intrathecal) (depression of
bradycardia, heart
cardiac conduction,
block (seen with
Contraindication: reduction in
inadvertent
● Severe hypotension myocardial
intravascular
(cardiogenic shock, excitability and
injection).
hypovolemic shock) contractility)
● Monitor continuously
● Administration into ● Convulsion
cardiovascular status,
inflamed or infected ● Cauda equina
respiratory function,
tissue, via IV regional syndrome
level of
anesthesia (e.g. Bier’s ● Transient Horner’s consciousness, and
block) syndrome sensory/motor
● Obstetric ● Rarely, neurological function.
paracervical block; damage. ● Supervise ambulation
obstetric epidural
as dizziness is a
blocks (as 0.75%
common side effect.
solution); epidural,
caudal, or spinal
block (preparations
with preservatives)
 DRUG
Generic Name:
Bupivacaine Heavy 5 mg/ml
Brand Name:
Bupizuva Heavy, Bupivaxine,
Genawin Heavy
Drug Classification:
Anesthetics Local & General
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
DRUG ACTION
Bupivacaine is a local
anesthetic of the amide-type.
Given as an intrathecal
anesthetic, bupivacaine has a
rapid onset and a medium to
long duration. The duration is
dose-dependent. Like other
anesthetics, bupivacaine
reversibly blocks impulse
conduction in the nerves by
inhibiting the transport of
sodium ions through the
nerve membrane. Bupivacaine
Heavy is hyperbaric and its
initial spread in the
intrathecal space is affected
by gravity. Due to the small
dose, the intrathecal spread
results in a relatively low
concentration, and the
duration of local anesthesia
tends to be relatively shorter.
INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Indication: ● Vomiting ● Monitor signs of
● Indicated in adults ● Postdural puncture allergic reactions,
and children of all including pulmonary
headache
ages for intrathecal symptoms (laryngeal
● Urinary retention, edema,
spinal anesthesia.
urinary incontinence bronchospasm,
● For urological or
wheezing, cough,
lower limbs surgery,
dyspnea) or skin
including hip surgery
reactions (rash,
lasting 1.5 to 3 hours
pruritus, urticaria).
● For lower abdominal Notify the physician or
surgery (including CS nursing staff
section) lasting 1.5 to immediately if these
3 hours. reactions occur.
● Report an unusually
Contraindication: slow heart rate
● Hypersensitivity to (bradycardia) or signs
local anaesthetics of of other arrhythmias,
the amide type. including palpitations,
● Acute active diseases chest discomfort,
of the cerebrospinal shortness of breath,
system such as fainting, and
meningitis, tumours, fatigue/weakness.
poliomyelitis and ● Monitor signs of
cranial haemorrhage metabolic acidosis,
● Spinal stenosis and including headache,
active disease (e.g. lethargy, stupor,
spondylitis, seizures, vision
 tuberculosis, tumour) disturbances,
or recent trauma (e.g. increased respiration,
facture) in the cardiac arrhythmias,
vertebral column. weakness, and GI
● Septicaemia. symptoms (nausea,
● Pernicious anaemia vomiting, and/or
with subacute abdominal pain). Notify
combined physician or nursing
degeneration of the staff immediately if
spinal cord. these signs occur.
● Pyogenic infection of
the skin at or
adjacent to the site
of puncture.
● Cardiogenic or
hypovolaemic shock.
● Coagulation
disorders or ongoing
anti-coagulation
treatment.
 DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS

Generic Name: Lidocaine is an amide type Indication: ● Arrhythmia ● When Lidocaine is

Lidocaine
Brand Name:
Xylocare, Xylocaine, Lidowell
Drug Classification:
Anesthetics Local & General,
Cardiac Drugs
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
local anaesth. It stabilizes the ● Epidural anesthesia ● Bradycardia administered as an
neuronal membrane and ● Emergency treatment antiarrhythmic the
inhibits Na ion movements, ● Arterial spasms nurse should monitor
of ventricular ● CV collapse
which are necessary for the ECG continuously.
arrhythmias
conduction of impulses. In the ● Edema Blood pressure and
heart, lidocaine reduces ● Spinal anesthesia respiratory status
● Flushing
depolarisation of the ● Pulseless ventricular should be monitored
ventricles during diastole and fibrillation or ● Heart block
frequently during the
automaticity in the His- ventricular ● Hypotension drug administration.
Purkinje system. Duration of tachycardia ● Sinus node ● Check BP and cardiac
action potential and effective ● IV regional suppression monitor prior to
refractory period are also anesthesia ● Agitation administration of
reduced. ● Percutaneous lidocaine.
infiltration ● For stable patients,
anesthesia doses should be given
slow IV push at 25
● Sympathetic nerve mg/minute.
block
● Monitor blood pressure
● Peripheral nerve and cardiac monitor
block during therapy with
Contraindication: lidocaine. Assess
● Hypovolemia neurological and
● Complete heart block respiratory status
● Adam-strokes frequently for signs of
syndrome
● Wolff-parkinson- toxicity.
white syndrome
● Must not be applied
to inflamed or injured
skin.
 DRUG DRUG ACTION
Generic Name: Neostigmine inhibits the
Neostigmine methylsulfate hydrolysis of acetylcholine by
competing w/ acetylcholine
Brand Name: for its binding site on
Myostigmin, Ipostigmine, acetylcholinesterase. It
Bloxiverz facilitates impulse
transmission across
Drug Classification: neuromuscular junctions
Neuromuscular Disorder thus, enhancing cholinergic
Drugs action. It also has a direct
cholinomimetic effect on
skeletal muscle and possibly
on autonomic ganglion cells
REFERENCE: and neurons of the CNS.
https://www.mims.com/
INDICATION/ SIDE
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE
EFFECTS
Indication: ● Nausea and vomiting
● Neonatal myasthenia ● Increased salivation
gravis
● Diarrhea and
● Reversal of abdominal cramps
neuromuscular ● Hypersensitivity
blockade
reactions
● Myasthenia gravis ● Neuromuscular
● Paralytic ileus and dysfunction in high
postoperative urinary doses of IV
retention preparation
● Potentially fatal:
Contraindication:
resp. Failure, due to a
● Peritonitis
combination of
● Mechanical GI or
muscarinic, nicotinic
urinary obstruction
and central effects or
cardiac arrest.
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
● Check pulse before
giving drug to
bradycardic patients.
If below 60/min or
other established
parameter, consult
physician. Atropine will
be ordered to restore
heart rate.
● Monitor pulse,
respiration, and BP
during period of
dosage adjustment in
treatment of
myasthenia gravis.
● Report promptly and
record accurately the
onset of myasthenic
symptoms and drug
adverse effects in
relation to last dose in
order to assist
 physician in
determining lowest
effective dosage
schedule.
● Reduce possible GI
(muscarinic) side
effects, which occur
especially during early
therapy, by giving drug
with milk or food.
Physician may
prescribe atropine or
other anticholinergic
agent to suppress side
effects (note: these
drugs may mask toxic
symptoms of
neostigmine).
● Manifestations of
neostigmine
overdosage often
appear first in muscles
of neck and those
involved in chewing
and swallowing, with
muscles of shoulder
girdle and upper
extremities affected
next.
● Monitor respiration,
maintain airway or
assisted ventilation,
 and give oxygen as
indicated, when used
as antidote for
tubocurarine or other
nondepolarizing
neuromuscular
blocking agents
(usually preceded by
atropine). Respiratory
assistance is
continued until
recovery of respiration
and neuromuscular
transmission is
assured.
● Report to physician if
patient does not
urinate within 1 h after
first dose when used
to relieve urinary
retention.
DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Oxymetazoline, a direct-
Oxymetazoline acting sympathomimetic
amine, stimulates the α-
Brand Name: adrenergic receptors in the
Drixine, Afrin, Iliadin nasal mucosal blood vessels
to produce local
Drug Classification: vasoconstriction and
Nasal decongestant & other decongestion. It also
Contraindication:
nasal preparations / other decreases erythema through
dermatological direct vasoconstriction, when
used topically.
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
Indication: ● Exacerbated vascular
● Nasal congestion insufficiency ● Monitor for S&S of
● Persistent facial ● Acute angle-closure excess use. If noted,
glaucoma; local nasal discuss possibility of
erythema associated
effects (e.g. burning, rebound congestion.
with rosacea
stinging, sneezing,
increased nasal
discharge)
● Rhinitis
● Acute coronary
medicamentosa and
disease
rebound nasal
● Cardiac asthma
● Angle-closure congestion (frequent
glaucoma or long-term use).
● Rhinitis sicca
● Inflammation or
lesions of the skin
around the nostrils or
nasal mucosa

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Iopamidol is a nonionic Indication:
Iopamidol iodinated radiographic ● Cerebral
contrast medium. It allows arteriography
Brand Name: visualisation of internal body ● Coronary
Iopamiro, Isovue-M, Ipobraz structures through
arteriography and
opacification of vessels in the
ventriculography
Drug Classification: path of its flow.
Radiographic & diagnostic ● Peripheral
agents arteriography
● Selective visceral
arteriography
● Computed
REFERENCE: tomographic
https://www.mims.com/
cisternography
● Myelography
● Excretory urography
● Angiocardiography
● Computed
tomography imaging
● Computed
tomography imaging
● Acute kidney injury
(e.g. renal failure), ● Report to the
● Extravasation physician if the patient
● Seizures feel any burning, pain,
● Electrolyte imbalance or swelling around the
IV needle when
● Chest pain
iopamidol is injected.
● Slow heart rate
● Drink extra fluids
● Hot flashes, burning
before and after the
sensation
radiologic test.
● Flushing (warmth, Iopamidol can cause to
redness, tingly get dehydration, which
feeling) can lead to dangerous
● Dizziness effects on the kidneys.

Contraindication:
Known or suspected
hypersensitivity to contrast
media. Angiography in
patients with homocystinuria.
Intrathecal: Known or history
of epilepsy. Myelography in
the presence of significant
 local or systemic infection
where bacteraemia is
possible; immediate repeat
myelography in the event of
technical failure; concurrent
intrathecal administration of
corticosteroids. Concomitant
use with drugs that may lower
the seizure threshold.

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
 EFFECTS

Generic Name: Methylprednisolone binds to Indication: ● Adrenal suppression,

Methylprednisolone and activates intracellular ● Anti-inflammatory or ● anaphylactoid
glucocorticoid receptors. immunosuppressive reactions,
Brand Name: Activated glucocorticoid ● Use caution with the
● Corticosteroid - ● Immunosuppression,
24-mg tablets
Medrol, Mepresone, Predmet receptors bind to promoter ● Acute myopathy,
responsive marketed as Medrol;
regions of DNA (which may
dermatoses ● Kaposi’s sarcoma, these contain
Drug Classification: activate or suppress
● Antiasthmatic & transcription) and activate ● Status asthmaticus ● Psychiatric tartrazine, which may
● Allergic conditions disturbances (e.g. cause allergic
COPD preparations transcription factors resulting
● Corticosteroid in inactivation of genes ● Depression, reactions, especially in
Hormones through deacetylation of ● Euphoria, people who are allergic
● Supportive care histones. Contraindication: ● Insomnia, to aspirin.
therapy Systemic fungal infections ● Mood swings, ● Give daily dose before
● Topical unless specific anti-infective personality changes), 9 to mimic normal
Corticosteroids therapy is employed; IM admin ● Increased peak corticosteroid
in idiopathic susceptibility and blood levels.
thrombocytopenic purpura. severity of infections, ● Increase dosage when
Intrathecal admin. Concurrent impaired healing. the patient is subject
REFERENCE: admin of live or live, to stress.
https://www.mims.com/ attenuated vaccines (in ● WARNING: Taper
patients receiving doses when
immunosuppressive doses). discontinuing high-
dose or long-term
therapy to allow
adrenal recovery.
● WARNING: Do not give
live virus vaccines
with
immunosuppressive
doses of
corticosteroids.
 DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS

Generic Name: Ampicillin inhibits bacterial Indication: ● Nausea,

Ampicillin cell wall synthesis by binding ● Supplement in ● Vomiting, ● Determine previous
to 1 or more of the penicillin- systemic therapy for ● Diarrhea, hypersensitivity
Brand Name: binding proteins (PBPs) which treatment of ● Erythematous reactions to
Ampicin, Unasyn, Ampiwell in turn inhibit the final susceptible maculo-papular penicillins,
transpeptidation step of infections rashes cephalosporins, and
Drug Classification: peptidoglycan synthesis in ● Meningitis other allergens prior to
● Sore mouth
Penicillins bacterial cell walls. Bacteria therapy.
eventually lyse due to ongoing ● Intrapartum ● Fever
● Lab tests: Baseline
activity of cell wall autolytic prophylaxis against ● Joint pains
C&S tests prior to
REFERENCE: enzymes (autolysins and group B ● Prolonged bleeding initiation of therapy;
https://www.mims.com/ murein hydrolases) while cell Streptoccocal time and prothrombin start drug pending
wall assembly is arrested. infection in neonates time results. Baseline and
● Paratyphoid fever, ● CNS toxicity (e.g. periodic assessments
Typhoid fever convulsions); of renal, hepatic, and
● Urinary tract hematologic functions,
infections particularly during
● Septicaemia prolonged or high-
dose therapy.
● Note: Sodium content
Contraindication: of drug must be
Hypersensitivity to ampicillin considered in patients
and other penicillins. on sodium restriction.
● Inspect skin daily and
instruct patient to do
the same. The
appearance of a rash
should be carefully
 evaluated to
differentiate a
nonallergenic
ampicillin rash from a
hypersensitivity
reaction. Report rash
promptly to physician.
● Note: Incidence of
ampicillin rash is
higher in patients with
infectious
mononucleosis or
other viral infections,
Salmonella infections,
lymphocytic leukemia,
or hyperuricemia or in
patients taking
allopurinol.
● Take medication
around the clock;
continue taking
medication until it is
all gone (usually 10 d)
unless otherwise
directed by physician
or pharmacist.
DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Ampicillin prevents bacterial Indication:
Ampicillin Sulbactam cell wall synthesis by binding ● Bacterial
to 1 or more of the penicillin- septicaemia, Bone
Brand Name: binding proteins resulting in and joint infections,
Sultascan, Unasyn, Ampibax the inhibition of the final Gynaecological
transpeptidation step of infections, Intra-
Drug Classification: peptidoglycan synthesis in the abdominal infections,
Penicillins bacterial cell walls. Lower respiratory
Sulbactam extends the tract infections,
spectrum of ampicillin activity Pyelonephritis, Skin
REFERENCE: due to its irreversible and skin structure
https://www.mims.com/
inhibition of β-lactamases infections, Upper
that are found in penicillin- respiratory tract
resistant organisms. It has infections, Urinary
limited antibacterial activity tract infection
to Neisseriaceae. ● Prophylaxis of
surgical infections
● Uncomplicated
gonorrhoea
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity (e.g.
anaphylaxis, Stevens Johnson
syndrome [SJS]) to ampicillin,
sulbactam, or β-lactam
antibiotics (e.g. penicillins,
cephalosporins). History of
cholestatic jaundice or
hepatic dysfunction
associated with
ampicillin/sulbactam
combination use.
● Severe stomach
pain, diarrhea that is ● Determine previous
watery or bloody hypersensitivity
(even if it occurs reactions to
months after your penicillins,
last dose); cephalosporins, and
● Thrush (white other allergens prior to
patches inside your therapy.
mouth or throat) ● Lab tests: Baseline
● Heart problems--fast C&S tests prior to
initiation of therapy;
heartbeats, chest
pain or pressure, pain start drug pending
spreading to your jaw results. Baseline and
or shoulder, nausea, periodic assessments
sweating of renal, hepatic, and
● Fungal or bacterial hematologic functions,
superinfection, particularly during
including Clostridium prolonged or high-
difficile-associated dose therapy.
diarrhoea (CDAD) and ● Note: Sodium content
pseudomembranous of drug must be
colitis (prolonged considered in patients
use); on sodium restriction.
● Inspect skin daily and
● Rash or severe
instruct patient to do
cutaneous reactions
the same. The
(e.g. toxic epidermal
appearance of a rash
necrolysis, SJS,
should be carefully
dermatitis
evaluated to
exfoliative, erythema
differentiate a
multiforme, acute
nonallergenic
generalized
exanthematous ampicillin rash from a
pustulosis). hypersensitivity
reaction. Report rash
promptly to physician.
● Note: Incidence of
ampicillin rash is
higher in patients with
infectious
mononucleosis or
other viral infections,
Salmonella infections,
lymphocytic leukemia,
or hyperuricemia or in
patients taking
allopurinol.
● Take medication
around the clock;
continue taking
medication until it is
all gone (usually 10 d)
unless otherwise
directed by physician
or pharmacist.
DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING
CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Cefazolin binds to 1 or more of Indication: ● Genital itching
Cefazolin the penicillin-binding proteins ● Susceptible ● White patches on
(PBPs) which inhibits the final infections mouth
Brand Name: transpeptidation step of ● Acute uncomplicated ● Watch for seizures;
● Loss of appetite
Cefazobas, Cefavex, peptidoglycan synthesis in UTI notify physician
● Heartburn
Wellazolim bacterial cell wall, thus ● Pneumonia immediately if patient
● Gas develops or increases
inhibiting biosynthesis and ● Prophylaxis of
● Nausea seizure activity
Drug Classification: arresting cell wall assembly surgical infections
Cephalosporin resulting in bacterial cell Contraindication: ● Vomiting ● Monitor signs of
death. Hypersensitivity to ● Diarrhea pseudomembranous
cephalosporins. colitis, including
REFERENCE: diarrhea, abdominal
https://www.mims.com/ pain, fever, pus or
mucus in stools, and
other severe or
prolonged GI problems
(nausea, vomiting,
heartburn).

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Inhibits bacterial cell wall Indication: ● Hypersensitivity ➔ Monitor signs of
Cefoxitin synthesis by binding to 1 or ● Abd. infections reactions
more of the penicillin-binding ● Prophylaxis of ● Elevated serum crea, allergic reactions and
Brand Name: proteins which in turn inhibit surgical infection BUN concentrations, anaphylaxis.
Xifox, Cefoxcare, Monowel the final transpeptidation anemia.
step of peptidoglycan, Contraindication: ● Rarely oliguria ➔ Monitor injection site
Drug Classification: resulting in bacterial cell ● Hypersensitivty ● Fatal: anaphylaxis
Cephalosporins death. for pain, swelling, and
irritation. Report
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
- prolonged or
excessive injection-
site reactions to the
physician.

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name: Binds to 1 or more penicillin- INDICATION: ● Black, tarry stools ● Monitor signs of
binding proteins. Inhibiting ● Uncomplicated ● Chest pain allergic reactions,
Ceftriaxone the final transpeptidation gonnorrhea anaphylaxis, and
step of peptidoglycan ● SOB
● Acute otitis media ● Sores, ulcers, or
pulmonary symptoms
Brand Name: synthesis in bacterial cell wall, (tightness in throat,
Ceftrox, Eluxone, Fretriaxone leading to bacterial cell lysis ● Syphilis white spots n the and chest, wheezing,
Drug Classification: and death. ● Suscpetible mouth. cough dyspnea) skin
Cephalosporins infections ● Unusual tiredness or reactions. Notify
● Lyme disease weakness physician.
● Prophylaxis of ● Watch for seizures.
surgical infection Notify physician.
● Administer with meal
CONTRAINDICATION: to avoid gastric
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
Hypersensitivity irritation.

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
Generic Name:
Sevoflurane
Brand Name:
Ultane, Sevorane, Sevoplan
Drug Classification:
Anesthetics - Local & General
REFERENCE:
https://www.mims.com/
Sevoflurane is a volatile,
halogenated, and inhaled
general anesthetic which
alters the activity of fast
synaptic neurotransmitter
receptors such as nicotinic
acetylcholine, GABA, and
glutamate receptors. It may
depress myocardial
contractility, decrease blood
pressure by reducing the
systemic vascular resistance,
and decrease systemic
sympathetic nervous activity.
INDICATION:
● Induction and
maintenance of
general anaesthesia
CONTRAINDICATION:
Known or suspected genetic
susceptibility to malignant
hyperthermia (e.g. presence
of RYR1 or CACNA1S
pathogenic variants). History
of hepatic impairment, fever
or leucocytosis of unknown
cause associated with
halogenated anaesthetics.
Concomitant administration
with succinylcholine.
● Nausea
● Vomiting ● If the patient have an
● Salivary allergy to sevoflurane
or any other part of
hypersecretion
● Chills, hypothermia sevoflurane report to
the physician.
● Potentially Fatal:
Malignant ● If the patient are
hyperthermia. Rarely, allergic to sevoflurane;
perioperative any part of
hyperkalaemia sevoflurane; or any
resulting in cardiac other drugs, foods, or
arrhythmias; QT substances. Tell the
prolongation doctor about the
associated with allergy and what signs
torsade de pointes; you had.
hepatic necrosis and ● WOF: Signs of an
failure. allergic reaction, like
rash; hives; itching;
red, swollen, blistered,
or peeling skin with or
without fever;
wheezing; tightness in
the chest or throat;
trouble breathing,
swallowing, or talking;
unusual hoarseness;
or swelling of the
mouth, face, lips,
tongue, or throat.
● Monitor slow
heartbeat.
 ● WOF: Seizures, feeling
agitated, muscle
stiffness, change in
color of skin to a
bluish color like on the
lips, nail beds, fingers,
or toes.

DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/ SIDE NURSING

 CONTRAINDICATION
Generic Name: Water soluble vitamins act as a Indication:
Ascorbic Acid cofactor and as an antioxidant. ● Scurvy
Brand Name: Essential for connective tissue ● Vitamin deficiency
Cecon, Cevit, Potencee synthesis. And iron absorption ● Delayed wound and
and storage. bone healing
Drug Classification:
Vitamin C Contraindication:
● Excessive doses in
patients with G6PD
deficiency;
hemochromatosis,
thalassemia,
REFERENCE: sideroblastic anemia,
https://www.mims.com/ sickle cell anemia;
patients prone to gout
or renal calculi.
EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
● Stomach cramps
● Nausea ● Take large doses of
● Heartburn vitamin C in divided
amounts because the
body uses only what is
needed at a particular
time and excretes the
rest in urine.
● Note: Vitamin C
increases the
absorption of iron when
taken at the same time
as iron-rich foods.
 DRUG DRUG ACTION INDICATION/
CONTRAINDICATION
Generic Name: Water soluble vitamins act as a Indication:
Ascorbic Acid cofactor and as an antioxidant. ● Scurvy
Brand Name: Essential for connective tissue ● Vitamin deficiency
Cecon, Cevit, Potencee synthesis. And iron absorption ● Delayed wound and
and storage. bone healing
Drug Classification:
Vitamin C Contraindication:
● Excessive doses in
patients with G6PD
deficiency;
hemochromatosis,
thalassemia,
REFERENCE: sideroblastic anemia,
https://www.mims.com/ sickle cell anemia;
patients prone to gout
or renal calculi.
SIDE NURSING
EFFECTS/ADVERSE RESPONSIBILITY
EFFECTS
● Stomach cramps
● Nausea ● Take large doses of
● Heartburn vitamin C in divided
amounts because the
body uses only what is
needed at a particular
time and excretes the
rest in urine.
● Note: Vitamin C
increases the
absorption of iron when
taken at the same time
as iron-rich foods.