- emphasis (n): force; firmness, sự nhấn mạnh.

e.g: ‘I do not intend to go,’ he said with emphasis.

- confusion (n): a state of not being certain about what is happening, what you should do,
what something means, etc., sự lộn xộn.

e.g: The announcement caused a lot of confusion.

- compulsion (n): compelling or being compelled, sự ép buộc.

e.g: You are under no compulsion to go.

- subtle (adj): faint or delicate in quality, and therefore difficult to describe or explain, không
dễ phát hiện.

e.g: There is a subtle difference between ‘unnecessary’ and ‘not necessary’.

- expertise (n): special knowledge or skills that have been gained through training or
experience, giám định.

e.g: We have the expertise to help you run your business.

- recommend (v): to suggest as being particularly good, particularly suitable etc, giới thiệu.

e.g: He recommended her (to me) for the job.

- In the interests of st: in order to get, achieve, increase etc, vì mục đích.

e.g: The political march was banned in the interests of public safety.

- call off: to cancel, hủy.

e.g: The game was called off because of bad weather.

- set back: to delay the progress of something/somebody by a particular time, trì hoãn.

e.g: The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.

- wear rather thin: một điều gì đó đang mất dần hiệu lực hay giá trị vì ảnh hưởng của thời
gian.
e.g: These excuses are wearing a little thin (= because we've heard them so many times
before).

- By and large: mostly; all things considered, nhìn chung.

e.g: Things are going quite well, by and large.

- To a degree: to a small extent, một chút.

e.g: I agree with you to a degree, but I have doubts about your conclusions.

- discharge (v): to allow to leave; to dismiss, sự dời khỏi.

e.g: The soldier was discharged from the army.

- evaluate (v): to form an idea of the worth of, đánh giá.

e.g: It is difficult to evaluate him as a writer.

- extravagant: using or spending too much; wasteful, phung phí.

e.g: He bought us all these extravagant presents he couldn't really afford.

- of significance: ý nghĩa.

e.g:

- under the gun: experiencing a lot of pressure, ở trong tình huống căng thẳng, nhiều áp lực,
cần phải có hành động nhanh chóng.

e.g: Al's under the gun to decide by the end of the month whether to move with his company.

- rise to the occasion: to show that you can deal with a difficult situation successfully, tỏ ra
có khả năng đối phó với tình hình.

e.g: In the exam she rose to the occasion and wrote a brilliant essay.

- shambles (n): a confused mess; (something in) a state of disorder, cảnh hỗn loạn, trình
trạng rối ren.

e.g: The press conference was a complete shambles.

- suit to st: to satisfy the needs of, or be convenient for, thích hợp với.
e.g: The arrangements did not suit us.

- presumably (adv): used to say that you think that something is probably true, có lẽ.

e.g: She’s not in her office – presumably she went home early.

- shred (n): a long, narrow strip (especially very small) torn or cut off, miếng nhỏ.

e.g: He was accused of shredding documents relating to the case.

- give away: to give etc (something) to someone, cho.

e.g: I’m going to give all my old clothes away to charity.

- come about: to happen, xảy ra.

e.g: Can you tell me how the accident came about?

- bring on: to make something develop, usually something unpleasant, làm điều gì đó xảy ra.

e.g: He was suffering from stress brought on by overwork.

- close to the bone: so honest or clearly expressed that it is likely to cause offence to some
people, thiếu tế nhị, cợt nhả.

e.g: His comments about her size were a bit close to the bone.

- on the level: being honest or speaking truthfully, thật thà, thẳng thắn, lương thiện, có thể
tin được.

e.g: I know he’s lied to you before, but I really think he’s on the level this time.

- Under no circumstances: dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không.

e.g: Under no circumstances should you approach the man.

- At a guess: when giving opinion about what is true, theo phỏng đoán.

e.g: At a guess, she thought the house must have been built between the wars.

- on the spur of the moment: suddenly; without previous planning, do sự thôi thúc của tình
thế.

e.g: We decided to go to Paris on the spur of the moment.

- have butterflies in sb’s stomach: to feel very nervous, usually about something you are
going to do, lo lắng, bồn chồn.

e.g: I had terrible butterflies before I gave that talk in Venice.

- have sb’s hands full: to be so busy that you do not have time to do anything else, quá bận.

e.g: I'd love to help but I've got my hands full organizing the school play.

- cope with: to deal successfully with something difficult, đối mặt với.

e.g: He wasn't able to cope with the stresses and strains of the job.

- make out: to see, hear or understand, nhận ra.

e.g: He could make out a ship in the distance.