CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Q.1. A solid (X) on heating gives two oxides of sulphur and on adding aqueous NaOH solution to it a
dirty green precipitate is obtained which turns brown on exposure to air. What is (X) and write the
reactions involved?

Q.2. A compound (X) on heating with excess of NaOH solution liberates a gas (Y) which gives white
fumes on exposure to HCl. Now the gas is completely expelled and resultant alkaline solution again
liberated the same gas (Y) when heated with Zn – dust. The compound (X) on alone heating do not
liberate nitrogen. Identify (X) and (Y) and write the reactions involved.

Q.3. Why it is necessary to test the group (V) radical in the order of Ba++, Sr++ and Ca++ only.

Q.4. Why it is necessary do add few drops of conc. HNO3 to the filtrate of group (II) before adding NH4Cl
and NH4OH?

Q.5. Explain the following:

(i) Aqueous solution of FeCl3 possesses yellow colour but on passing H2S gas it turns green.
(ii) Yellow ammonium sulphides are used to separate group (II) sulphide.

Q.6. Write the confirmatory test for Ni ++ ion in qualitative analysis.

Q.7. A colourless inorganic compound (X) is soluble in water and on strong heating it produces brown
gas (Y) and a residue (Z). On dissolving in NH3 it forms a complex (W) which reduces aldehydes
selectively to form silver mirror. Aqueous solution of (X) also gives brick red precipitate (V) with
K2CrO4 solution. Identify (X), (Y), (Z), (W) and (V) and write the equation involved.

Q.8. Colourless salt (X) gives an apple – green colour with conc. HCl. (X) on reaction with dilute H2SO4
gives light brown fumes (Z) and turns KI – starch paper blue.
 X   CH3COOH  K 2CrO4   Y  yellow ppt
 X   H2SO4   W  white ppt   Z 
Identify (X), (Y), (Z) and (W).

Q.9. (A) which is an important lab reagent turns red litmus blue imparts golden yellow colour to the
flame. (A) liberates H2 gas on reaction with Zn/Al. (A) gives white ppt. with ZnCl2 but H dissolved in
excess of (A). Identify (A) and explain the reactions involved.

Q.10. Give a single reagent solution which can separate the following:
(a) NI  OH2 and Fe  OH3
(b) Cr  OH3 and Fe  OH3
(c) MnS andCoS

BaCl
Q.11.  X   2
solution
  Y    insoluble in dilute HCl 
   
K 4 Fe CN 6 
 X  
excess
  Z    chocolate brown ppt 
KI excess
 X  
escess
  W    brown ppt   hypo
 T
 OS of S is +2.5 

Q.12. (i) Write the anion(s), which can interfere with brown ring test for nitrate ions
(ii) How can be Fe++ and Fe+++ are differentiated.

Q.13. (i) Excess of NH4Cl is removed before adding (NH4)2CO3 for the precipitation of Group (V) cation,
Explain.
(ii) Aqueous solutions of Co++ salts are pink. Explain.

Q.14. Write balanced chemical equations for the following:

(i) Silver chloride is treated with NaCN(aq), the product obtained is allowed to react with Zn in an
alkaline medium.
(ii) Co++ solution reacts with KNO2 in acetic acid medium.
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 CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
Q.15. (i) Sodium carbonate extract is acidified with HNO3 only in the identification of halides.
(ii) Apple green colour is not obtained in the flame test of BaSO4 or Ba3(PO4)2.

Q.16. A solid (X) gives the following reactions.

(i) Imparts green colour to flame.
(ii) Does not give precipitate on passing H2S gas.
(iii) When heated with K2Cr2O7 and conc. H2SO4 a red gas is evolved. The gas when passed in
aqueous NaOH solution turns it yellow.
Identify (X) and explain the reactions involved.

aq. NH3
Q.17.  X   Partially soluble
 Yellow solid
Na S O  HCl Na S O aq, NH3
 X    Soluble forms complex  Y  
2 2 3
  Z Black  
HNO
3
 
2 2
 P 
3
  Q 
 white ppt 

Q.18. (i) Why does a brown ppt is obtained in group (III) even Fe+++, Al+++ and Cr+++ are absent.
(ii) It is necessary to prepare an original solution for the detection of basic radicals.

Q.19. A  
  B    C   C 
 colourless residue   gas  gas

H2 o

  D
Milky   Aq. Sol of B
Identify [A], [B], [C], [D], if [A] imparts brick red colour in flame test and decolorize MnO4/H+. Gas
[C] is highly toxic.

Q.20. Identify [A] to [F]:

 A   dil
H 2 SO 4
 B   C
Black  Acidic gas
HNO3
B  D  white turbidity 
CuSO4

E 1. Boil

2. NH4 OH excess  F Blue solution 
 solub le in 
 dil. HNO 
 3 

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 CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
1. (X) is FeSO4

2FeSO 4   Fe 2 O3  SO2  SO3 
 X
FeSO 4  2NaOH  Fe  OH 2  Na 2SO4
 dirty green 
1
2Fe  OH2  H2 O  O2  2Fe  OH3
2  brown 

2. NH4NO3  NaOH 
 NaNO3  H2 O  NH3 
 X  Y
NH3  HCl 
 NH4 Cl
 X  white fumes 

Zn / NaOH
NaNO3 
Re d
 NaOH  H2O  NH3 
Y 

3. It is due to the formation of precipitates by Ba++ in all confirmatory tests.

Ba    CrO 
4  BaCrO 4 
 yellow 
Ba    SO 
4  BaSO 4 
 white 
 
Ba  C2 O 4  BaC2 O 4 

 white 
If Ba++ is absent then test for Sr++ should be performed.
Sr   SO
4  SrSO 4 
 white
 
Sr  C2 O 4  SrSO4 
 white 
If Sr++, Ba++ are absent, then test for Ca++ should be performed.

4. Conc. HNO3 is added to the filtrate of Group (II) for the following reasons:
(i) It precipitates the dissolved H2S
(ii) It convert Fe++ to Fe+++ if iron is present.

5. (i) FeCl3 is reduced to FeCl2.

2FeCl3  H2 S 
 2FeCl2  2HCl  S 
(ii) Yellow ammonium sulphides possesses excess of sulfur.
SnS  S  SnS2
SnS2  NH4 2 S  NH4 2 SnS3 

6. H2S gas is passed through the filtrate of 3rd group. So that 4th group cations are precipitated as
their sulfides.
NiS 
  Black ppt. insoluble in conc. HCl
CoS 
MnS   Buff  skin  colour 
  ppt is solub le in conc. HCl
 ZnS  dirty white 
Now take the black ppt. in a test tube and add excess of NH4OH to it, then add dimethylglyoxime.
A rosy red ppt. confirm the presence of Ni++ ion.
Ni   2dmg  2NH4 OH

NI  dmg 2  2NH4  2H2 O

 rosy red

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 CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
7. (X) is AgNO3:

AgNO3  s    Ag  aq   NO3  aq 
 X
1
AgNO3  s  

 NO2  O2   Ag 
 X  Y 2  Z
Brown
gas 

  Ag NH3 2   HNO3  OH
AgNO3  2NH3  H2 O 
 X  Tollen' s reagent  W 

 AgNH 
 3 
RCHO   RCOO   Ag   silver mirror 
2AgNO3  aq  K 2 CrO 4 
 Ag2 CrO 4  2KNO3
 X  V Brick red

8. (X) is Ba(NO2)2
Ba NO2 2  CH3 COOH  K 2 CrO4 
 BaCrO4   yellow ppt 
X  X

Ba NO2 2  H2 SO 4 
 BaSO 4   white ppt   HNO 2   brown fume 
W Z 

9. (A) turns red litmus blue  Basic in nature

(A) imparts golden yellow colour to flame  contains Na+
Zn
 A  
Or Al
 H2  NaOH
The reactions are as follows:
Zn  2NaOH  Na2 ZnO2  H2 
2Al  2NaOH  NaAlO2  3H2  2H2 O
ZnCl2  2NaOH  Zn  OH 2  2NaCl
 white ppt 

Zn  OH2  2NaOH 
 Na2  Zn  OH4 
 excess

10. (a) NH4OH dissolves Ni(OH)2 to form [Ni(NH3)4]++ while Fe(OH)3 remains insoluble.
(b) NaOH dissolves Cr(OH)3 to form [Cr(OH) 4] while Fe(OH)3 remains insoluble.
(c) dilute HCl dissolved MnS to form MnCl2 and H2S (g) while CoS remains insoluble.
11. (X) is CuSO4.
CuSO4  X   BaCl2 
 BaSO4   Y   CuCl2
2CuSO 4  X   K 4 Fe  CN 6   Cu2 Fe  CN 6   Z   2K 2 SO 4
CuSO4  X   4KI  Cu2I2   W   2K 2 SO4
I2  2Na2S2O3  2NaI  Na2S 4O6  T 

12. (i) F, NO2, Br, I ions can interfere in brown ring test of NO3.
(ii) Fe++ salts gives blue ppt. with potassium ferricyanide while Fe+++ salts gives a red colour with
the same reagent.

13. (i) NH4Cl is removed by treating the filtrate from group (V) with conc. HNO3 . On heating NH4Cl
decomposes as following:
NH4Cl  HNO3  NH4NO3  HCl

NH4NO3   N2 O  2H2 O
(ii) It is due to the formation of [Co(H2O)6]++ ions in the aqueous solution.

14. (i) AgCl  2NaCN  NaCl  Na  Ag  CN 2 

2Na  Ag  CN 2   Zn  Na2  Zn  CN  4   2Ag 
(ii) KNO2  CH3 COOH 
 CH3 COOK  HNO2
 Co  NO2  2  2KCl
CoCl2  2KNO2 
Co NO2 2  2HNO 2  Co  NO2 3  NO  H2 O

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 CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
Co  NO 2  2  3KNO 2 
 K 3  Co NO 2 6 
15. (i) HCl or H2SO4 cannot be used since they will form the ppt of AgCl and Ag2SO4 respectively. So
only HNO3 can be used.
(ii) BaSO4 and Ba3(PO4)2 are insoluble and cannot be easily converted into chlorides. Which is
volatile, hence green colour is not obtained.

16. (X) = BaCl2

Ba++ imports apple green colour to flame.
Cl gives chromyl chloride test.
2BaCl2  K 2 Cr2 O7  BH2 SO 4  K 2SO4  2CrO2 Cl2  2BaSO4

Re d vapours   3H2O

17. (X) is AgBr
 Na 2  Ag  S2 O3 2   NaBr
AgBr  2Na 2 S2 O3 
 X

(Y) Soluble


HCl
P  AgCl  
HNO3
Ag2 S 
 white ppt  Black 
aq. NH3

 Ag NH3 2  Cl
Q

18. (i) When NH4Cl(s) is not added in excess, Mn++ is precipitated as MnO2. H2O which is brown in
colour?
(ii) It is due to the fact that the original solution furnishes basic radicals as free ions in solution so
that detection becomes easier.

19. [A] is CaC2O4.


CaC2 O4   CaO  CO  CO2 
 A B C D
CaO  H2 O   Ca  OH2
B
CO2 D

CaCO3  H2O
milky 

20. (A)  FeS

(B)  H2S
(C)  FeSO4
(D)  S (Colloidal)
(E)  CuS
(F)  [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2

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