Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Welcome to the course on Understanding Design Thinking. In this course, you will
learn the following topics:
Human Empathy
Human Empathy is the first and probably the most crucial stage during Design
thinking. In this stage, the problem is viewed through users perspective, and a
solution is developed based on the empathic understanding of the users' needs. This
process allows the designer and the team to set aside their views and assumptions
while developing a solution.
Experience Principles are criteria built from the customer needs that help
in customer interactions and enable the organization to build a good
customer experience.
Experience principles are built from the higher order needs of the customers
like affiliations, sense of belonging, and self-fulfillment.
In this stage, the problem is divided into several parts, and each part of the
problem is clearly defined by synthesizing and analyzing the data and
information collected during the empathizing stage.
This helps in understanding every part of the problem and developing
solutions.
This stage helps in deciding the functionalities to be developed.
Ideation
This is the stage where the Designers start developing the solutions to the problems
defined by collecting and analyzing the data during the empathizing period. In this
stage, unusual ideas are welcomed, questions are asked that lead to other questions
that help in addressing the core of the problem.
The commonly used techniques used in idea generation are:
Brainstorming, and
Worst Possible Idea.
Prototyping
In this stage, the team does the experimentation. They build the prototypes
based on the solutions developed during the ideation stage.
In this stage, the team builds prototypes in quick iterations, based on the
ideas available.
Teams usually apply the fail fast technique in prototyping. In this technique,
the results and the data collected from the failures of a prototype are used to
build the next until a successful prototype is built.
Testing
In this stage, the designers rigorously test the product using the best solutions
developed during the prototyping stage. This is the final stage in Design
Thinking.
However, as design thinking is not a linear process, the results of the testing
stage are often used to redefine a problem or to get a better understanding of
the present problem.
Even during this stage, changes and refinements are made to rule out faulty
solutions and derive as deep an understanding of the product and its users as
possible.
The Team
Sometimes teams come up with great ideas, but there are two things that they
forget to take into consideration. First is socializing with the stakeholders
and explaining the idea so that it can be turned into a business and the
second is the ground reality of delivery. i.e., the overheads of actually
manufacturing and delivering it to the user.
Tangibilty
Tangibility allows visualizing your complex ideas and make them understand
to the world.
The first quality is the ability to frame a problem based on the inputs available.
The second quality is to allow experimentation. While experimenting and
prototyping, priority should be given to the hardest functionalities or features
and fail fast methodology must be applied.
The third quality is communicating ideas. A good leader must welcome
different ideas generated by different members in a team and communicate
them with the other members of the team to develop them.
The fourth quality is collaborating with the team. It is important that the leader
should work with the team to solve the problems. A good leader must make
himself available for the team.
A good leader must know the type of skills required to complete a team.
Often the team is so busy focusing on the needs and wants of the users, the problem
and finding the solution that they forget the most important part of the team. i.e.,
knowing the team members and knowing the needs of each team member and their
expectations from the team.
Team leap is a team activity to build the team trust and empathy.
The length of team leap activity is about an hour. It is an activity where you
focus on individual goals, working styles, pet peeves, etc.
This activity is generally conducted during the beginning of the project when a
new initiative starts in an already existing team when new members are
added to a team to discuss the project objectives and know the working styles
within a team.
This helps in setting up norms in the workplace that the team is comfortable
with.
The Customer experience describes the relationship a customer has with a brand or
organization. The more indulging and impactful the interaction the higher are the
chances for the customer to remain loyal to the brand.
Archetypes
Activities
Interactions
Principles
Archetypes
Archetypes describe patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and motivations
shared between people towards a brand or product.
Activities
Activities capture the actions and goals of a customer across their end-
to-end experience, from their perspective.
If challenge or opportunity
Journey Maps
A journey map describes the journey of describing the needs of the customer
to delivering the final solution. The journey map highlights the critical
opportunities along that time frame, which can be the seeds for concept
generation.
It's a powerful tool for the team to keep the users' long view in mind as they
design a product or service.
To make a customer journey map, it is usually organized around some
generalized stages of engagement on a left-to-right axis. The stages tend to
vary by industry, but generally go from either low engagement to high
engagement or back in time to now.
Synthesis
Synthesis is the act of making sense of all the data collected. This video explains
more about synthesis and the techniques used for synthesis in Design Thinking.
Concepting
In synthesis, the team will have identified promising opportunity areas that represent
a human need and an opportunity for the business. However, fresh, new ideas are
hard to come by through everyday thinking and conversation, and people need ways
to generate new ideas. So, Edward de Bono, a famous psychologist suggested
some methods to think out of the box. These are lateral thinking and Six Thinking
Hats methods.
Data Intelligence
This video discusses how data intelligence helps the Design Thinking process.
If the concept answers any of these questions, then pivot it to the concept using data
intelligence methods like worksheets. They are the general analog method for
recording data.
What is Prototyping?
Prototyping Guidelines
Several guidelines can be followed while developing a prototype.
Start building: The first guideline is to start building the prototype from whatever
ideas you have conceptualized without thinking about the outcome.
Don't spend Much time: Prototypes are built for experiencing the concepts and not
for developing a fully functional product. So much time should not be wasted in
building them. prototypes
Fail Fast: Prototypes must be built in quick successions and fail agile methodology
must be implemented in which each prototype is built by learning from the previous
failure.
Remember the concept: The concept on which the prototype is being built must be
remembered, and care must be taken not to deviate from it.
Keep the user in mind: The whole design thinking concept is user-centered, so the
prototypes built must be user-centered too. The high fidelity prototypes that provide
user interaction must design the prototypes by keeping the users in mind.
Data-driven prototyping
Data Prototyping
Data Prototyping
Data prototyping is a technique where raw data from different sources is developed
into a dataset and how those datasets can be transformed into useful concepts and
prototypes for the end users.
Data prototyping is generally used in places where Data Migration is needed. Data
integration is required and where applications are developed.
Data prototyping is similar to Design Prototyping where mock-ups are created to
explain the concepts created using data intelligence.
Culture Change
This video explains the various ways Design Thinking is being adopted in
organizations to spread a culture of innovation.
The New Design Thinking process is more iterative and rapid compared to the old waterfall
model processes. Now with the advent of Data Science large amounts of data is available and
the design thinking process is rapidly evolving with it. The Summary
Finally, you have arrived at the end of the course. In this course, you have learned
the following topics: