• Adjectives and Adverbs

R e.a d.i.n.g~F 0 c us
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Adjectives
1 Functions
(1) Adjectives modify nouns.
We provide useful information on stock trading.
The company is experiencing big trouble in the international markets.

(2) Adjectives function as subject complements in the structure be / become / get /

remain / stay ... + adjective .

• Their products and services are reliable .

• Our financial problems became manageable after a few months.
We should make an effort to remain competitive in the market.

(3) Adjectives can also function as object complements .

• Everyone found the report satisfactory.
Patty s team made the proposal almost perfect.
John declared the goal impossible.

2 Formation (adjectival suffixes)

considerable reliable realistic specific

effective impressive famous spacious

successful respectful significant convenient

exceptional intentional private moderate

necessary risky costly timely

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• Adverbs
1 Functions
(1) An adverb can modify a whole sentence .
• Fortunately, we were able to com lete the reRort on time.

(2) Adverbs modify verbs.

• The team Qerformed the project successfully .
• An annual report may incorrectly redict the future market.

(3) Adverbs modify adjectives or other adverbs .

• Mr. Kim is relatively Qroductive compared to the other newcomers .
• Our sales division staff worked extremely hard .
• The project was finally finished.

(4) Adverbs modify prepositional phrases and adverbial clauses.

• Information on the job opening is downloadable directly from the website .
• They started production promptly after the shi ment arrived.

2 Notes on confusable adverbs

(1) late/lately
• The speaker arrived at the workshop late. (= after the expected time)
• Sales have increased lately. (= recently)

(2) hardlhardly
• He should work hard to finish the report on time. (= diligently; attentively)
• The manager hardly stays in his office. (= almost not)

(3) highlhighly
• The city is well known for its high office buildings. (= tall)
• We offer a highly competitive salary. (= very)

(4) near/nearly
• They built a shopping mall near a subway station. (= close to)
• Attendance at the conference reached nearly 200 this year. (= almost)

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 (5) Adjectives end by -ly: friendly, timely, costly ...
The sales staff was very friendly and eager to help us.
They need to complete the project in a timely manner.
The new healthcare service is quite costly.

1. This brochure provides (reliable / reliably) information on our products.

2. The new project will bring us (finance / financial) success.

3. The manager became (extreme / extremely) happy about the report.

4. After weeks of delay, the shipment has (final/finally) arrived at the factory.
5. Mike and Anna came to the party very (late / lately).
6. (Usual/Usually), we upgrade our system once a week.
7. Compared to last year, sales increased (near / nearly) 30 this year.
8. They have (complete / completely) agreed on the contract terms.
9. The employees were (cooperative / cooperatively) during the system upgrade.
10. Customers have remained (satisfied / satisfaction) with the after-sales service.

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 Reading Comprehension

Incomplete Sentences

Questions 1-10 Choose the word that best completes each sentence.

1. The teleconference is scheduled to start __ at 10 A.M. next Tuesday.

(A) precisely (B) preciseness (C) precision (D) precise

2. Replacing the old building with a new one was a __ impossible task.
(A) near (B) nearby (C) nearly (D) nearing

3. The construction site makes a visual impact that is __ .

(A) impress (B) impression (C) impressed (D) impressive

4. The sales figures have been revised __ due to the miscalculation.

(A) significant (B) significantly (C) significance (D) signification

5. The sales staff was especially __ and willing to help the customers.
(A) friend (B) friends (C) friendly (D) friendship

6. The team members would reach an agreement under more __ circumstances.

(A) favor (B) favorite (C) favorable (D) favorably

7. The insurance company does not seem to be __ sound.

(A) finance (B) finances (C) financial (D) financially

8. Best Computers is __ to increase its customer base in European countries.

(A) frequent (B) common (C) large (D) eager

9. New York state residents are __ to apply for a NYS library card.
(A) capable (B) valuable (C) eligible (D) flexible

10. Students who have not received their IDs should visit the Registrar s Office __ .
(A) recently (B) especially (C) unexpectedly (D) immediately

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 Text Completion

Questions 1-3 refer to the following letter.

1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I111111111111111111111111111111111111f1l1l11l1l1l1

Dear Ms. Angela,

Please be informed that we have recently obtained your request to renew your
subscription to Economy Weekly. Your new 2-year subscription will start on May B,
200B, and the payment of 4B.00 is due on the first day of each month __ the end of
1. (A) because of
(8) beyond
(C) regarding
(D) throughout

your contract term. In the __ that you need to contact us regarding this subscription,
2. (A) affair
(8) event
(C) happening
(D) opening

please include your full subscription number (EW-200B05223) on any correspondence

with us.

This __ a timely response and efficient processing of your request or problem.

3. (A) ensure
(8) has ensured
(C) will ensure
(D) ensured

Respectfully,

Serena Glory
Economy Weekly

111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

140 TOEIC Academy www.nhantriviet.com

 Reading Comprehension

Questions 1-2 refer to the following invitation.

Peterson Environmental Awareness members

are warmly invited to a talk
entitled Protecting the Oceans for our Children
at the residence of
Michael and Kathy Mendez
5834 Lakeview Road
Los Angeles

Guest Speaker: Dr. Robert Harrison

of the Environmental Action Agency

July 18
6:00 P.M.
Snacks and drinks will be provided.

Responses are requested before July 1.

Send e-mail toMichaeI.Mendez@PEA.jz.co.

1. Who is giving a lecture?

(A) Dr. Robert Harrison
(B) Kathy Mendez
(C) Michael Mendez
(D) Both Michael and Kathy Mendez

2. By what date must members respond?

(A) July 18
(B) July 1
(C) June 1
(D) June 18

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