UNIT 2: ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

Khóa học Toeic 450 +

Cô Vũ Thị Mai Phương
_____________________________________

A. TÍNH TỪ

1. Chức năng

➢ Tính từ thường đứng trước danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa

✓ This website provides specific information on how to assemble this

computer.

✓ A high dose of insulin can be potentially harmful to a diabetic.

Ví dụ

1. My ________ insurance covers damage done by weapons.

A. medicine B. medical

2. Under _______ regulations, all participants should wear their name tags during
the meeting.

A. new B. renew

➢ Tính từ có thể được dùng như bổ ngữ cho tân ngữ

✓ Everyone found the report satisfactory.

✓ Patty’s team made the proposal almost perfect.

✓ John declared the goal impossible.

Ví dụ

1. The new security system will make our company ________.

A. stronger B. strength
2. I find it _________ to pay attention to what she’s saying.

A. difficulty B. difficult

➢ Tính từ theo sau động từ liên kết (be/ become/ remain/ stay/ lock / feel/
seem ….)

✓ This policy will be effective from the day after tomorrow.

✓ The sales department remains competitive in the global market.

Ví dụ

1. The new plant will become ________ next month.

A. operation B. operational

2. You need to develop your communication skills to remain _________.

A. compete B. competitive

➢ Phân từ (V- ing/ V- ed) cũng được coi như tính từ để thay thế cho danh
từ nó đứng sau hoặc theo sau

✓ The Gala Museum's exhibition of Chinese art will remain only for a limited
time only.

✓ Anyone visiting a chat room must provide a username and password before
access.

Ví dụ

1. Aggressive marketing strategies will be implemented for a highly ________

novel from China.
A. anticipated B. anticipation

2. The man _______next to Mr. Sham is the director of LFP.

A. sit B. sitting
2. Các hậu tố tính từ

- able considerable reliable

- ive effective impressive

- ful successful respectful

- al exceptional intentional

-y necessary risky

- ic realistic specific

- ous famous spacious

- ant/ ent significant convenient

- ate private moderate

- ly costly timely

Quiz

1. This brochure provides ______ information on our products.

A. reliable B. reliably

2. The new project will bring us ______ success.

A. finance B. financial

B. TRẠNG TỪ

1. Chức năng

➢ Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho cả câu

✓ Fortunately, we were able to complete the report on time.

 ✓ Apparently, he's had enough of England and is going back to Australia.

➢ Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ

✓ They normally charge 300 dollars, but we got it for half price.

✓ The firm paid heavily for last year’s poor budget.

✓ You can assemble computer easily with this manual.

✓ While you are at work, you are absolutely forbidden from entering the site.

✓ Time has been spent productively at the seminar on city development.

Ví dụ

1. The team performed the project ________.

A. success B. successfully

2. An annual report may _______ predict the future market.

A. incorrectly B. incorrect

➢ Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho tính từ hoặc phân từ (adv + adj/ PII)

✓ Redesigned airbag was found to be sufficiently safe to pass inspection.

✓ He is an internationally famous scientist in the field of electronic

engineering.

✓ You should analyze the situation with purely structural approaches.

Ví dụ

1. Mr. Kim is _______ productive compared to the other newcomers.

A. relatively B. relative
2. The project was ______ finished.

A. finalist B. finally

➢ Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho những trạng từ khác hoặc cụm từ

✓ Things were going on fairly well.

✓ Elevators in the building are temporarily out of service.

✓ Our sales division staff worked extremely hard.

➢ already/ yet/ still

❑ Already

Dùng ở thể khẳng định thì hoàn thành.

✓ Most corporations in the industry have already broken into the Vietnamese
market.

✓ Ms. Jin has already finished her internship program.

❑ Still

Dùng trong thể khẳng định và phủ định.

✓ They are still working on the details of the agreement.

✓ The construction is right on schedule, but the gas has still not been turned
on. (still preceding not)

❑ Yet

Dùng trong thể phủ định.

 ✓ The applicant has not yet responded to the interview request made by the
company. (not preceding yet)

✓ We haven't discussed the matter in detail yet.

Ví dụ

1. If you’ve ______ registered, the price is 50 pounds.

A. already B. still

2. The details of the contract have not _______ been settled.

A. still B. yet

2. Một số trạng từ gây nhầm lẫn

(1) late/lately
- The speaker arrived at the workshop late. (= after the expected time)
- Sales have increased lately. (= recently)
(2) hard/hardly
- He should work hard to finish the report on time. (= diligently; attentively)
- The manager hardly stays in his office. (= almost not)
(3) high/highly
- The city is well known for its high office buildings. (= tall)
- We offer a highly competitive salary. (= very)
(4) near/nearly
- They built a shopping mall near a subway station. (= close to)
- Attendance at the conference reached nearly 200 this year. (= almost)
(5) Adjectives end by -ly: friendly, timely, costly …
- The sales staff was very friendly and eager to help us.
- They need to complete the project in a timely manner.
- The new healthcare service is quite costly.

Quiz

1. Compared to last year, sales increased _______ 30% this year.

A. near B. nearly

2. Mike and Anna came to the party very ______.

A. lately B. late

PRACTICE

1. A number of proposals for the museum relocation project have been submitted
by _______ developers.
(A) locate (B) location
(C) local (D) localize

2. As you are ordering a large quantity, we will offer you the items at ______
reduced prices.
(A) substantial (B) substantially
(C) substantiality (D) substantiate

3. After ______ requests by local residents the city government opened the private
library to the public.
(A) repeated (B) repeating
(C) repetition (D) repeatedly

4. The actors were _____ unknown, but work to do on the original design before
their performances in the play were brilliant.
(A) relate (B) relative
(C) relatively (D) relativity

5. The results of the study should remain _____ until they are released to the
public.
(A) confidential (B) confidentiality
(C) confidentially (D) confide

6. An _____ development may soon provide doctors with instant access to -

developers, patients' medical histories.
(A) innovate (B) innovative
(C) innovation (D) innovatively

7. The Arts Association ______ acknowledges the generosity of the Shell

Foundation.
(A) gracious (B) graciously
(C) grace (D) graceful

8. All participants should take care that they are ______ dressed when they come
to the conference.
(A) decency (B) decent
(C) decently (D) more decent

9. The research group ______ has a lot of work to do on the original design before
formal presentation next month.
(A) always (B) usually
(C) yet (D) still

10. The award ceremony will begin _____ at 2:30, following the opening speech
by the vice president.
(A) prompt (B) promptly
(C) prompted (D) prompting

11. Ms. Jung gave her supervisors the _____

impression that her positive attitude would be beneficial to the company.
(A) consist (B) consisted
(C) consistent (D) consistently

12. Those in the time management seminar are learning how to utilize their time
_____ at work.
(A) efficiency (B) efficient
(C) efficiently (D) more efficient

13. Almost all of our employees have reported that the company's pension plan
would be quite ________.
(A) benefit (B) benefits
(C) benefiting (D) beneficial

14. The employee directory has _______ been changed to let customers know that
Bill Mason is not with the company.
(A) still (B) already
(C) yet (D) even

15. A warranty covers only ______ parts or workmanship, not normal wear and
tear.
(A) defect (B) defective
(C) defects (D) defectively
16. The team is made up of wonderful athletes who have worked ______ in order
to win a victory in the tournament.
(A) hard (B) hardly
(C) harden (D) hardened

17. Mr. Li received an ______ evaluation, and we have few other employees who
are so dedicated to work.
(A) impress (B) impressing
(C) impressive (D) impressed

Questions 18-20 refer to the following information.

Managers and production workers from all over the industry are ______ to the
11th

18.
(A) invite
(B) invited

(C) to invite
(D) invitation
Monthly Baseball World Series, jointly sponsored by GM and Chrysler. All
teams must be registered by May 20.

Registration for managers may be done through division chiefs. Registration of

teams by assembly-line or engine-design employees should be done through the
Human Resources department.

The tournament will start on Tuesday, June 12 and will go on ______ two weeks
until the championship game on Tuesday, June 26 at 6 p.m.

19.

(A) for
(B) with

(C) on
(D) between

Games will be limited at seven innings. An award ceremony will be carried out
right after the final game. There will also be competitions in several areas
including pitching and hitting taking place _____ with the tournament games.

20.

(A) concurrence
(B) concurrent
(C) concurrently

(D) concur

Individuals are welcome to register by the official registration date for these
special competitions.