Difficulty Level ★☆☆

Happy birthday, honey! You are so sweet.

Here, this is for you. Let me see what it is.

1 2

It’s a ten-carat ring. Oh, my.... What’s wrong?

Do you like it?

3 4

1. What do you think is the wife’s response?

□ I have always wanted a ring like this. How thoughtful you are!
□ How could you afford such a precious gift? Did you buy it on credit? Have
you forgotten about our huge credit card debt?
□ You haven’t given me a birthday gift in years. You’ve been unfaithful to me,
haven’t you? And now you want to make it up to me by giving me this ring!
□ Your own ideas:
2. What are the things that would make you cry?
□ Your team wins a championship. □ You are betrayed by your best friend.
□ You watch a touching movie. □ You get admitted to your dream school.
□ You fail an important exam. □ A close relative dies.
□ Others:
1
1
Crying is a normal, natural part of human

life. The first sounds a newborn baby makes

are cries, and crying is a baby’s only means

1
of communicating until it begins to coo and
2
5 babble at nine to twelve weeks of age.

Crying is most often associated with

1
grief, rage , and sadness, but as many
2
athletes will attest , frustration and joy can
3
also trigger tears. The fact is, when faced with an overwhelming

10 emotion, almost anyone will burst into tears.

Critical Thinkin
Of course, we are much more accustomed to g
Wo u ld y o u co
n si d er it
4
seeing women weep , and in most cultures “unmanly” for
a man to
cry? Why or wh
men who cry are seen as unmanly . This,
5
y not?

however, has not always been the case.

3
15 In ancient Greece, Aristotle believed that crying led to emotional
6 4 7 8
cleansing . In Greek mythology, heroes sob shamelessly over their

1. coo [ku] 3. overwhelming [%ov_1hwElmIµ] 6. cleansing [1klEnzIµ]

2. babble [1b{b¬] 4. weep [wip] 4. Greek [©rik]
1. rage [redZ] 5. unmanly [yn1m{nlI] 7. sob [sAb]
2. attest [@1tEst] 3. Aristotle [1{r@%stAt¬] 8. shamelessly [1?eml@slI]

2
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

fallen comrades-in-arms , and

5 1
fa th e rs a s we l l a s mo th e rs
9
lament their children’s deaths

with tears rolling down their 20

cheeks. But by the time of the

6
Industrial Revolution , tears had

become a sign of weakness, and

men were seldom seen crying in public. This tendency has continued
10
into modern times. In the 1972 U.S. presidential primaries , Edmund 25

7 11 12
Muskie was seen crying in front of the media while defending his
13
wife against personal verbal attacks. Many believe that those tears

lost him the election that year.

8
However, as a sign of how things have changed, Bill Clinton
14
shed tears on a number of occasions during his term as president 30

15
and even won support for showing his sensitive side to the nation.

Perhaps society is beginning to recognize that crying may in fact be

good for us.

5. comrades-in-arms 10. primaries [1praI%mErIz] 13. verbal [1v^b¬]

[%kAmr{dzIn1Armz] 7. Edmund Muskie 8. Bill Clinton [1bIl 1klInt@n]
9. lament [l@1mEnt] [1Edm@nd 1muski] 14. shed [ ?Ed]
6. Industrial Revolution 11. media [1midI@] 15. sensitive [1sEns@tIv]
[In1dystrI@l %rEv@1lu?@n] 12. defending [dI1fEndIµ]

3
1 Almost all animals shed tears, but many believe that only
9
35 humans shed tears under emotional duress . Although some say
10
that other animals, like elephants and seals , cry when they feel
16 17
pain, there is little scientific proof that these tears are caused
11 12
by emotions. They are most likely basal tears or reflex tears .

Basal tears are tears that keep the eyes from drying up, and they
18 19
40 fight bacterial infection . Reflex tears are created when our
20 13
eyes are bothered by irritants , like pollen or dust. While

humans, of course, do shed these kinds of tears, we also have the

unique ability to create emotional tears.

Emotional tears differ from basal or reflex tears in their

21
45 chemical composition. They contain far more toxins and
14
hormones than other kinds of tears. This fact has led scientists

to believe that crying emotional tears has a cleansing and

22 23
curative effect, as well as providing an emotional outlet , much

as Aristotle believed 2,500 years ago.

9. duress [1d¨rIs]
10. seals [silz]
16. scientific [%saI@n1tIfIk]
17. proof [pruf]
11. basal tears [1bes¬ tIrz]
12. reflex tears [1riflEks tIrz]
18. bacterial [b{k1tIrI@l]
19. infection [In1fEk?@n]
20. irritants [1Ir@t@nts]
13. pollen [1pAl@n]
21. toxins [1tAksInz]
14. hormones [1hOrmonz]
22. curative [1kj¨r@tIv]
23. outlet [1a¨t%lEt]

4
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

By crying, we vent
24
our anguish
25
and grief. This, combined
26
50
1
with the fact that the tears themselves are carrying poisons and

toxins out of our bodies, makes crying an important part of dealing

with stress. It’s important to realize that holding back tears may be

bad for our mental health.

Today more and more public figures, even men, seem willing 55

to show their sensitivity to people’s emotional needs, and society is

beginning to recognize that crying is a natural way of coping with

pain, stress, and sorrow. Nowadays, “put on a brave face” or “keep

a stiff upper lip” may not always be the wisest—that is, the

healthiest—policy. 60

—by Ben Andrews, from English Digest, August 22-23, 2005.

I Choose the main idea of this reading.

(A) The importance of tears has been recognized throughout history.

(B) Shedding tears is beneficial to people physically and mentally.
(C) A man who cries should not be considered unmanly.

24. vent [vEnt] 25. anguish [1{µ©wI? ] 26. poisons [1pOIz§z]

5
1 II According to the reading, choose the best answer to each
question below.

1. Which of the following statements about crying men is true?

(A) Former U.S. President Bill Clinton was regarded as being
too emotional.
(B) Edmund Muskie’s tears won him the election in 1972.
(C) It was common for Greek heroes to sob over their fallen
comrades-in-arms.
(D) During the Industrial Revolution, men’s crying was widely
accepted.
2. Which of the following functions of tears is NOT mentioned in
the reading?
(A) Dealing with stress.
(B) Softening tense situations.
(C) Venting anguish and grief.
(D) Carrying away poisons and toxins.
3. Why are emotional tears said to have cleansing and curative
effects?
(A) Because they can cure certain illnesses.
(B) Because they are seen only in humans.
(C) Because they can prevent our eyes from drying up.
(D) Because they contain far more toxins and hormones than
other kinds of tears.
4. What can we infer from the reading about today’s public figures?
(A) They tend to keep a stiff upper lip.
(B) They are seldom seen crying in public.
(C) They are more willing to show their sensitive side.
(D) They tend to resort to tears to win support.
5. What type of writing does this passage represent?
(A) Descriptive. (B) Informative.
(C) Entertaining. (D) Argumentative.
6
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

1
To get a better picture of this reading, go through it again and fill in each
blank with the correct word or phrase.

Paragraphs 1-2: Introduction

Crying is a __________, __________ part of human life.

Paragraphs 3-4: Different Views of Crying

____________________
Period ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
____________________

Viewpoints emotional weakness 1. weakness

cleansing 2. showing one’s sensitive side

Paragraphs 5-6: Types of Tears

Basal tears Reflex tears Emotional tears
● keep the eyes ● are created when our ● belong to only
from eyes are bothered by ● contain far more
, like and than other
● fight or kinds of tears
____________________ ● have a(n) and
effect
● provide a(n)

Paragraph 7: Functions of Tears

}
● vent ____________________ and ____________________
Holding back tears may be
remove ____________________ and ____________________
▼

●
bad for ____________________ health.
● deal with ____________________

Paragraph 8: Conclusion
Instead of “putting on a ” or “keeping a
,” we should feel comfortable crying, even in front
of others.
7
1
1 Do you try to hold back your tears when there are other people
around?
2 If you see a family member or a friend crying, what would you
do or think?
3 Which of the following situations would move you to tears? Why?

Situations Answers Reasons

An old man is holding his _________ Yes ______________________________________

wife’s hand and guiding _________ No ______________________________________

her across the street. _________ Not sure ______________________________________

A TV program shows _________ Yes ______________________________________

victims of a war or a _________ No ______________________________________

natural disaster. _________ Not sure ______________________________________

A mother gets her first _________ Yes ______________________________________

glance of her newborn _________ No ______________________________________

baby. _________ Not sure ______________________________________

A man sacrifices his own _________ Yes ______________________________________

life to save a boy from _________ No ______________________________________

drowning. _________ Not sure ______________________________________

The situation that moves me the most is

.

8
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

1
Words for Production

1. rage extreme or violent anger

[redZ] n. [U, C] 憤怒
His voice quivered with rage and he shook his fist in the air.
My mom flew into a rage when she learned that I had
been late for an important exam.
rage v. [I] 發怒
[redZ] She could no longer contain her anger and she raged at
her messy roommate.
2. attest to show something or to say or prove that something is true
[@1tEst] v. [I] 證明
The handwriting expert attested to the genuineness of the
signature.
attestation n. [U] 證明
[%{tEs1te?@n] Thanks to the attestation of an eyewitness, the innocent
man was freed.
3. overwhelming very large or greater than any other
[%ov_1hwElmIµ] adj. 壓倒的；勢不可擋的
There is overwhelming evidence that the sun’s rays may
cause skin damage.
overwhelm v. [T] 征服；壓倒
[%ov_1hwElm] When Jack’s wife died, grief overwhelmed him.
4. weep to cry
[wip] v. [I, T] (weep, wept, wept) 哭泣
Kenny saw his sister weeping, so he brought her some
ice cream to cheer her up.
The couple wept tears of joy when their baby was born.
5. unmanly lacking the qualities that people think a man should have
[yn1m{nlI] adj. 不男性化的
Some may think dancing is unmanly, but it actually takes
a lot of physical strength.
9
1 6. cleanse
[klEnz]
to clean (esp. a part of the body)
v. [T] 清潔
The nurse cleansed the wound before sewing it up.
7. sob to cry noisily, taking in deep breaths
[sAb] v. [I] (sob, sobbed, sobbed) 啜泣；嗚咽
Sally was so upset by the bad news that she sobbed for
half an hour.
8. shamelessly without feeling ashamed, especially about something generally
[1?eml@slI] considered unacceptable
adv. 沒有羞恥心地；無恥地
The employee shamelessly embezzled thousands of dollars
from his company.
shameless adj. 沒有羞恥心的；無恥的
[1?eml@s] The shameless liar was treated with contempt.
shameful adj. 可恥的
[1?emf@l] Kevin regretted his shameful behavior and vowed never to
get drunk again.
9. lament to express sadness and regret about something
[l@1mEnt] v. [T, I] 悲傷；悔恨
Sara lamented losing her best friend.
Joe lamented over the death of his dad.
10. primary (in the U.S.) an election in which voters select party
[1praI%mErI] candidates for a coming election
n. [C] 初選
The candidate who wins the most primaries will probably
be nominated by his or her party as its candidate in the
general election.
primary adj. 主要的
[1praI%mErI] His primary concern is the well-being of his family.
11. media newspapers, television, radio, etc., as an entity
[1midI@] n. (pl.) 媒體
As a celebrity, she has little privacy; everything she does
is reported in the media.
12. defend to protect someone or something against attacks or criticism
[dI1fEnd] v. [T] 防禦
10 The duty of a soldier is to defend his country.
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

defensive
[dI1fEnsIv]
adj. 防禦的
A defensive driver anticipates and avoids danger.
1
13. verbal spoken rather than written
[1v^b¬] adj. 口頭的
A verbal promise is not enough in a business transaction.
14. shed to drop something or allow it to fall
[ ?Ed] v. [T] (shed, shed, shed) 流出；流下
Countless soldiers shed blood for their country during the war.
15. sensitive understanding what other people need, and being helpful and
[1sEns@tIv] kind to them
adj. 敏感的
My boyfriend is a loving, sensitive guy and a great listener.
sensitivity n. [U] 敏感
[%sEns@1tIv@tI] A doctor must show sensitivity to the needs and the fears of
his or her patients.
16. scientific relating to science, or using the organized methods of science
[%saI@n1tIfIk] adj. 科學的
A country cannot progress without scientific research.
science n. [U] 科學；[C]（一門）科學；學科
[1saI@ns] The cellphone is a marvel of modern science.
The natural and social sciences are concerned with different
fields of study.
scientifically adv. 科學地
[%saI@n1tIfIk¬I] A theory that has been scientifically proven can be applied.
17. proof facts or signs showing that something exists or is true
[pruf] n. [U] 證明；證據
I think Jeff is cheating on me, but I don’t have any proof—
it’s just a hunch.
18. bacterial caused by, made from, or relating to bacteria
[b{k1tIrI@l] adj. 細菌的
According to the doctor, the disease may have resulted from
bacterial infection.
bacteria n. (pl.) (sing. bacterium) 細菌
[b{k1tIrI@] The bacteria found in yogurt are good for people’s digestive
health.
11
1 19. infection the state of having a disease in a certain part of the body that is
[In1fEk?@n] caused by bacteria or a virus
n. [U] 感染
To avoid infection, it is necessary to keep the cut clean and dry.
infectious adj. 感染的
[In1fEk?@s] Diagnosed with an infectious disease, David must stay at
home to avoid passing it to others.
20. irritant something that causes physical discomfort
[1Ir@t@nt] n. [C] 引起不適的東西；刺激物
Many people are allergic to common irritants such as house dust.
irritate v. [T] 使……過敏；使……發炎
[1Ir@%tet] The tag at the neck of my new T-shirt irritated my skin, so I cut
it off.
21. toxin a poisonous substance, especially one which is produced by
[1tAksIn] bacteria and which causes disease
n. [C] 有毒物質
Drinking plenty of water will help to eliminate toxins from
our body.
22. curative able to cure or cause to get better
[1kj¨r@tIv] adj. 有療效的
One study mentioned the curative value of sunshine and sea air.
cure v. [T] 治癒
[kj¨r] Is it possible to cure this disease, or will I suffer from it forever?
cure n. [C] 治療
[kj¨r] One should never turn to drugs and alcohol as a cure for
loneliness.
curable adj. 可治癒的
[1kj¨r@b¬] With the development of new medicines, some cancers are now
curable.
23. outlet a way in which emotions or energy can be released, expressed,
[1a¨t%lEt] or made use of
n. [C]（情緒等）出口
Playing sports is a good outlet for teenagers’ energy.
12
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

24. vent
[vEnt]
to express a negative emotion in a forceful way
v. [T] 宣洩
1
He vented his anger by punching the wall.
vent n. [U] 宣洩
[vEnt] The speaker gave vent to his indignation in a fiery speech.
25. anguish extreme unhappiness caused by physical or mental suffering
[1{µ©wI? ] n. [U] 極度痛苦或悲傷
No parent should have to deal with the anguish of losing a child.
26. poison a substance that can make people or animals ill or kill them if
[1pOIz§] they eat or drink it
n. [C] 毒物
Caretakers must keep any poisons away from children.

Words for Recognition

1. coo [ku] v. [I] to talk in a soft, gentle way 輕柔地說話

2. babble [1b{b¬] v. [I] to talk in a quick, confusing, or foolish way（嬰兒）
牙牙學語；模糊不清地說話
3. Aristotle [1{r@%stAt¬] n. a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato (384 B.C.-
322 B.C.) 亞里斯多德（希臘哲學家，柏拉圖的學生）
4. Greek [©rik] adj. from, belonging to, or related to Greece 希臘的
5. comrade-in-arms [%kAmr{dIn1Armz] n. [C] a friend, especially one with
whom someone has fought in a war or worked under difficult circumstances
戰友；曾經共患難的人
6. Industrial Revolution [In1dystrI@l %rEv@1lu?@n] n. a period beginning in the
mid-to-late eighteenth century when major changes in agriculture,
manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect
on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Europe; the time when coal-
burning factories first appeared in England 工業革命
7. Edmund Muskie [1Edm@nd 1muski] n. an American politician (1914-1996)
埃德蒙•穆斯基
8. Bill Clinton [1bIl 1klInt@n] n. the forty-second President of the United States
(1946-) 比爾•柯林頓
13
1 9. duress [ 1d¨rIs] n. [U] pressure; threats used to force a person to do
something 壓力；威脅
10. seal [sil] n. [C] an animal that eats fish and lives partly on the land and
partly in the sea, with short fur and short limbs, called flippers 海豹
11. basal tear [1bes¬ tIr] n. [C] tears that keep the eyes from drying up and
fight bacterial infections 基礎眼淚
12. reflex tear [1riflEks tIr] n. [C] tears created when our eyes are bothered by
irritants like pollen or dust 反射眼淚
13. pollen [1pAl@n] n. [U] a powder produced by the male part of a flower,
which is carried by insects or the wind and causes the female part of the
same type of flower to produce seeds 花粉
14. hormone [1hOrmon] n. [C] any of various chemicals made by living cells
that influence the development, growth, sex, etc., of an animal and are
carried around the body in the blood 荷爾蒙

1. be associated with to be connected with someone or something else

與……聯想在一起
Napoleon is often associated with the Battle of Waterloo.
2. (be) faced with to encounter 面臨
He remained calm when he was faced with the dangerous dog.
3. burst into to suddenly begin to do something 突然
The comedian’s first joke caused the audience to burst into loud laughter.
4. be/become accustomed to to get used to 使熟悉
I have become accustomed to the slow pace of life in this rural area.
5. in public openly 公開地
We shouldn’t talk about the personal affairs of others in public.
6. dry up to lose water or moisture 變乾涸
The land in this area dried up after a long period of drought.
7. combined with to put together with 與……結合
I love chocolate cookies, but I love them even more when combined with
peanut butter.
14
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

8. hold back to stop something from happening or being seen 克制

Men are often more likely than women to hold back their inner feelings.
1
9. cope with to deal with 處理
I can’t cope with this headache any longer—I need to see a doctor.
10. put on a brave face to behave as if a problem is not important or worrisome
假裝堅強
A great leader should put on a brave face when confronted with
dangerous situations.
11. keep a stiff upper lip to remain resolute and unemotional in the face of
adversity, or even tragedy 鎮靜自若；不動聲色
The British used to say that in difficult times we had to keep a stiff upper
lip.
12. that is in other words 也就是說
Mary was spoiled rotten as a kid; that is, she was given everything she
ever wanted.

Collocations using “tears”

adj. + N V+N N+V
bitter tears shed/cry/weep tears tears well up
痛苦的眼淚 流眼淚 眼淚滿盈
happy tears burst into tears tears roll down one’s
喜極而泣的眼淚 突然放聲大哭 cheek
inconvenient tears wipe (away) tears 眼淚從臉頰滑落
不由自己的眼淚 擦拭眼淚 tears fill one’s eyes
uncontrollable tears hold back (one’s) tears 眼淚在眼眶中打轉
止不住的眼淚 止住眼淚 tears blur/cloud
unshed tears move somebody to tears one’s vision
未流下的眼淚 讓某人感動到掉眼淚 眼淚模糊了視線
crocodile tears brim with tears
假慈悲的眼淚 眼中充滿眼淚

15
1 Match each clause in Column A with a clause in Column B to make
meaningful and logical statements.
Column A
1. W h e n t h e s o l d i e r s h e d
uncontrollable tears,
2. If you do not sympathize
with me,
3. When I learned I had won
first prize,
4. Since Kenny wanted to be
considered a brave boy,
5. When little Johnny found
himself lost on the street,
Column B
(A) I cried happy tears.
(B) her husband wept bitter tears.
(C) we saw that he had a softer
side.
(D) you had better not hold back
your tears.
(E) he held back his tears.
(F) he burst into tears.
(G) don’t bother shedding crocodile
tears.

Passive Voice
I S + be + p.p. (+ by NP)

Examples
1. Edmund Muskie was seen crying in front of the media.
2. There is little scientific proof that these tears are caused by emotions.

Practice
Fill in each blank with the correct passive form of the word in parentheses
using the pattern above.
1. He has been employed (employ) as a handyman by Mr. Smith for
the past three years.
2. It is said that ice cream (introduce) to Europe
by the great explorer Marco Polo.
3. By the end of next year, the construction project
(complete).
4. More than ten types of cell phones (develop) by
this company in recent years.
16
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

5. Usually, our swimming pool

Mark when we are away on vacation.
(take care of) by
1
6. Though the author’s next novel (publish) next
month, many bookstores have already received requests from readers.

{
associated/covered/combined + with
II be + devoted/addicted/exposed/related + to
involved/engaged/bathed/absorbed/indulged + in

Examples

1. Crying is most often associated with grief, rage, and sadness.

→ We most often associate crying with grief, rage, and sadness.
2. Cynthia is devoted to teaching physically challenged children.
→ Cynthia devotes herself to teaching physically challenged children.
3. The meadow was bathed in the sun’s soft yellow light.
→ Sunshine bathed the meadow in soft yellow light.

Practice

Fill in each blank with the correct form of the words in parentheses using the
pattern above.
1. Joyce has involved herself in (involve oneself) a variety of extracurricular
activities to add color to her college experience.
2. People often (associate) chocolate
love.
3. As the sun was setting, the beach (bathe) a
beautiful golden light.
4. It started snowing in the afternoon, and the ground
(cover) snow by six o’clock.
5. Dr. Kao (devote oneself) scientific research for
the past twenty years.
6. Ken (addict) cigarettes. I don’t think he can quit
smoking.
17
1 Grammar in Use

Fill in each blank with the correct

form of the words in parentheses to
complete the passage about the
benefits of laughter.

Laughter is the best medicine.

We’ve all heard this expression. For
1
decades, researchers have been dedicated to (dedicate) studying how
humor helps patients to relieve stress and heal themselves. For example,
Melissa B. Wanzer, professor of Communication Studies at Canisius College
in Buffalo, N.Y., pointed out that the reason health providers in hospitals
2
remain energetic (relate) their sense of humor.
Those with a sense of humor tend to look on the bright side and to
3
(engage oneself) their work with enthusiasm and
patience. Wanzer and her colleagues also found that humor is an effective
way to cope with on-the-job stress. This is especially true of employees who
4
(absorb) many different jobs. If their boss is
someone who uses humor effectively, they will have a higher level of job
satisfaction.
Physiologically, laughter stretches the muscles of the diaphragm and
increases our pulse and breathing rate. It also stimulates blood circulation
5
and is beneficial to our digestive processes. If you often
(indulge oneself) fits of laughter, it is much more likely that any
physical distress you feel will be relieved. Therefore, you can
6
(involve) creating your own good mood. As long
as you make laughter and humor more and more common in your daily life,
you will find yourself getting healthier and happier.

18
 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

Queenie is talking to the school counselor, Mrs. Maxwell, about being

nicknamed “Crybaby.”
Mrs. Maxwell : You look sad, and your eyes are swollen and puffy. What’s up?
Queenie : Some boys in class have started calling me “Crybaby,” and I
hate this nickname.
Mrs. Maxwell : Why? It’s not so bad—it’s even kind of cute.
Queenie : It’s not cute to me! And I really don’t know how to hold back
my tears when I get emotional about something. I’m almost
eighteen, and I don’t want to be thought of as a baby.
Mrs. Maxwell : I see. Well, you can try holding your breath. If you concentrate
on your breathing, you can stop your tears from flowing.
Queenie : But won’t I die from holding my breath?
Mrs. Maxwell : Don’t be silly. Or you can pinch yourself on your inner thigh
or your arm.
Queenie : Won’t that hurt?

19
1 Mrs. Maxwell : A little bit. But then you will focus on the acute pain you
are causing yourself rather than on the reason you were about
to cry.
Queenie : What if I leave a bruise?
Mrs. Maxwell : Then don’t pinch so hard!
Queenie : Hmm ... that makes sense. But isn’t there an easier way?
Mrs. Maxwell : Well, sometimes we do need to cry. Just make sure you don’t
do it in front of others. Excuse yourself from the situation
and find someplace private.
Queenie : OK, I think I can do that. Thank you so much for sharing
these tips with me ....
(Mrs. Maxwell notices that Queenie’s breathing is intensifying and tears are
welling up in her eyes.)
Mrs. Maxwell : Queenie! Now hold your breath, pinch yourself, or walk away
from me!

V ocabulary ● inner [1In_] adj. 內部的 ● private [1praIvIt]

● swollen [1swol@n] adj. 浮腫的 ● thigh [TaI] n. 大腿 adj. 私下的；祕密的
● puffy [1pyfI] adj. 浮腫的 ● acute [@1kjut] adj. 激烈的；急遽的 U seful Expressions
● pinch [pInt? ] v. 捏 ● bruise [bruz] n. 瘀青 ● die from 死於……

Part I. Listen to the talk about regrets, and number the following points
according to the order of their occurrence in the passage.
_____ Recognize what the experience teaches you.
_____ Determine what it is that you really regret.
_____ Ask for forgiveness and make amends.
_____ Allow yourself to feel regret for things that you have done.
_____ Accept the reality.

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 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

Part II. Listen again and check (✓) those which can be inferred from the
talk.
1
________ A. Regrets are not necessarily a bad thing.
________ B. It is vital that we identify exactly what it is we regret.
________ C. Finding out who has harmed us helps us to overcome regret.
________ D. Forgiving ourselves is more difficult than forgiving others.
________ E. Don’t be immersed in negative emotions like sadness or anger.

Emotional Intelligence Test

I This is a simple EQ test that, if you answer honestly, will help you
identify those emotional responses which need improvement. Answer
each of the following questions by checking either True (T) or False (F).
Compare your answers with the “ideal” answers on the next page once
you are done.

T F
1. When someone attacks me verbally, I do not get angry. ( )( )
2. I feel comfortable consoling a grieving friend or relative. ( )( )
3. I can deal with other people’s anger and hatred. ( )( )
4. I have no problem showing physical affection for both
( )( )
males and females.
5. If I feel like crying, I let myself cry. ( )( )
6. Crying makes me feel better. ( )( )
7. The same person keeps making me angry in certain
( )( )
situations.
8. I occasionally experience feelings of guilt. ( )( )
9. Sometimes I experience humiliation and degradation. ( )( )
10. I often feel sad about particular issues. ( )( )

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1 A person in a perfect state of emotional health would choose T for Qs 1-6,
and F for Qs 7-10. However, no one is perfect—or is expected to be. This
“test” is aimed at revealing which emotional responses need improvement.
—from Far East English Extensive Reading Series 4, pp. 214-216

II Role-play: With your partner, take turns playing Dr. Know-You, an

expert in helping people develop their EQ, by giving advice on the
areas your partner could improve.

Dr. Know-You’s advice

Qs 1-6 are answered

with “F”: _____________

Qs 7-10 are answered

with “T”: _____________

Descriptive Writing 1: Writing about an event

Descriptive writing uses details to describe a person or an event to give the
reader a clear picture of what is being described. Use clear and concise
language so as to paint an image that is vivid and moving in the mind of the
reader.

Practice

Look at the following pictures and write a paragraph of 120 words to

describe the event.
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 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

Drafting: Work on the outline

Questions to answer:
✓ What is the weather like?
✓ Who are the people in the pictures?
✓ Where are they?
▼

✓ Why are the players crying?

✓ What might have happened to them?
✓ What might happen later?

Now write a draft based on your answers to the above questions.

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1
If we say a person is crying “crocodile tears,” it means he or she is showing a
false or insincere emotion. One example would be a person who pretends to cry
over someone’s death but is secretly happy about it. This expression comes from an
ancient belief that crocodiles weep in order to attract their prey, or even that they
cry for the victims they are eating. This story was spread during the fourteenth
century, when an explorer called Sir John Mandeville mentioned it in his accounts
of his travels.
1
In his book Mandeville’s Travels , Sir John wrote a short passage about the
2
crocodiles he saw in Asia. He said a crocodile looked like a “long serpent .” At
night it lived in the water, but it spent the daylight hours on rocks and in caves.
According to Sir John, crocodiles do not eat any meat all winter; they, instead, lie
“as in a dream,” just like snakes do. He also said these creatures would kill humans,
3
and then weep while eating them. They move their upper jaw while eating but not
their lower jaw. And they do not have a tongue.
Sir John’s book was responsible for spreading the myth of “crocodile tears”
into popular culture. This myth is even found in the works of Shakespeare. In Act
4
Four, Scene One of Othello , the main character cries out: “O devil, devil! If that the
earth could teem with woman’s tears, each drop she falls would prove a crocodile.
Out of my sight!”
The phrase is still in common use today, both in literature and in the media.
5
But what is the literal truth behind it? Actually, crocodiles do produce tears. They
6 7
possess glands behind their eyes that secrete a fluid, just like humans. This only
happens when the animals have been out of the water for a while and have begun to
dry out. However, this is not at all like a human who is crying out of emotional
8 9
distress . Crocodiles shed tears for physiological reasons rather than out of sorrow.
So, though it might sound strange, it’s probably true to say that only humans can cry
crocodile tears.
—by Martin Mullaney

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 LESSON 1 Don’t Hold Back Your Tears

V ocabulary
1. Mandeville’s Travels [1m{nd@%vIlz 1tr{v¬z] n.
7. secrete [sI1krit] v. 分泌
8. distress [dI1strEs] n. 不幸
1
曼德維爾遊記 9. physiological [%fIzI@1lAdZIk¬] adj. 生理的
2. serpent [1s^p@nt] n. 蟒蛇 U seful Expressions
3. jaw [dZO] n. 頜，顎 ● spread ... into ... 傳播到……
4. Othello [o1TElo] n. 奧塞羅（莎士比亞四大悲劇之一） ● teem with ... 充滿於……；富於……
5. literal [1lIt@r@l] adj. 字面上的 ● out of one’s sight 離開某人的視線
6. gland [©l{nd] n. 腺體 ● in common use 廣為使用

Comprehension Check
1. What is the main purpose of this reading?
(A) To explain how and why crocodiles produce tears.
(B) To discuss the reasons why people shed crocodile tears.
(C) To explore where the phrase “crocodile tears” came from.
(D) To analyze why the phrase “crocodile tears” has become popular.
2. Which of the following is NOT true about crocodile tears?
(A) Shakespeare was responsible for spreading the myth of
crocodile tears.
(B) Crocodiles shed tears when they have been out of the water
for a while.
(C) Sir John wrote that crocodiles would weep while eating humans.
(D) Ancient people believed that crocodiles would weep to attract
prey.
3. Why does the author say “only humans can cry crocodile tears”?
(A) That crocodiles can shed tears is a myth.
(B) It is only humans that are able to cry insincerely.
(C) Crocodiles do not have glands behind their eyes.
(D) Only humans shed tears for physiological reasons.

Thinking More
Try to think of an instance in which a person sheds some crocodile tears.

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