Chemistry 1

Worksheet 6
Atomic Theory of Matter, Part 1

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1. Explain why CO is not an element.

2. Which of the following is not a valid chemical reaction?

a. C + O2 à CO2
b. 4Fe + 3O2 à 2Fe2O3
c. H2 + O2 à NO2
d. CH4 + 2O2 à CO2 + 2H2O

3. Which of the following is not a valid chemical formula?

a. NaCl
b. HSbF6
c. H½O
d. N2O5

4. In which of the following reactions is mass not conserved?

a. 5.0 g C reacts with 2.0 g O to form 7.0 g CO2.
b. 4.5 g of CH4 combusts in the presence of 2.0 g O2 to form 5.0 g H2O and 1.5 g of CO2.
c. 1.5 g N reacts with 2.0 g O to form 4.5 g of NO2.

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5. What is the mass ratio of 15 g of carbon and 25 g of oxygen?

6. Demonstrate that the Law of Multiple Proportions is valid for the two compounds, NO and
N2O, if NO contains 4.0 g N and 3.0 g O, and N2O contains 24.0 g N and 9.0 g O.

7. If the mass-ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in NO is 8.0 g : 6.0 g, which of the following is

another valid mass-ratio of NO?
a. 4:3
b. 4:6
c. 5:15
d. 1:3

8. In a 105.6 g sample of BH3, there are 66.0 g of B, how many grams of H are there?

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9. Two different compounds contain both lead and oxygen. One of the compounds contains
5.432 g lead and 2.345 g oxygen. Simplify the oxygen : lead mass-ratio.

10. Complete the missing parts of the following table.

Sample Mass % H Mass % Cl Mass of H Mass of Cl

1 52.9% 47.1% 0.312 g _______ g

2 ________% 65.4% _________ g 0.555 g

3 15.8% _______ % 0.2604 g ________ g

a. Are these samples from the same compound? Why or why not?

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 Answer Key
1. Explain why CO is not an element.
An element is comprised of only one type of atom. CO has both carbon and oxygen atoms
in it, and is defined as a molecule (specifically, a compound).

2. Which of the following is not a valid chemical reaction?

A chemical reaction is simply the rearrangement of atoms, and no atoms are created or
destroyed. In the below reaction, atoms have been both created and destroyed! N was not
in the reactants (left) side of the reaction, and H is missing from the products (right) side of
the reaction.
Correct answer: c. H2 + O2 à NO2

3. Which of the following is not a valid chemical formula?

Atoms combined in whole-number proportions to create a molecule. Since there is only ½ of
a hydrogen atom in option c, it is not a valid chemical formula.
Correct answer: c. H½O

4. In which of the following reactions is mass not conserved?

To answer this question, you just need to add up masses on the reactants side (1.5 + 2.0 =
3.5 g) and compare it to the masses on the products side (4.5 g). As you can see, the two are
not equal, so mass is not conserved in this reaction.
Correct answer: c. 1.5 g N reacts with 2.0 g O to form 4.5 g of NO2.

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5. What is the mass ratio of 15 g of carbon and 25 g of oxygen?
Simply divide 25 g by 15 g.
Correct answer: 1:1.667 carbon to oxygen (or 3:5)

6. Demonstrate that the Law of Multiple Proportions is valid for the two compounds, NO and
N2O, if NO contains 4.0 g N and 3.0 g O, and N2O contains 24.0 g N and 9.0 g O.
Here, we once again just divide the larger number by the smaller one.
Correct answer:
𝟒.𝟎 𝐠 𝐍
= 1.333
𝟑.𝟎 𝐠 𝐎

𝟐𝟒.𝟎 𝐠 𝐍
= 2.666
𝟗.𝟎 𝐠 𝐎

Then, divide 2.666/1.333 = 2

7. If the mass-ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in NO is 8.0 g : 6.0 g, which of the following is a valid
mass-ratio of NO?

We can just reduce the ratio 8.0 : 6.0 to 4 : 3 to arrive at the correct answer. None of the
other options are a valid multiple of this ratio.

Correct answer: a. 4 : 3

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8. In a 105.6 g sample of BH3, there are 66.0 g of B, how many grams of H are there?

Since the entire mass of the sample is 105.6 g, and 66.0 g of it are boron, the rest must
be hydrogen.
Correct answer: 39.6 g H.

9. Two different compounds contain both lead and oxygen. One of the compounds contains
5.432 g lead and 2.345 g oxygen. Simplify the oxygen : lead mass-ratio.

Divide by the smaller number to get: 1 : 2.316

Correct answer: 1 : 2.316

10. Complete the missing parts of the following table.

Sample Mass % H Mass % Cl Mass of H Mass of Cl

1 52.9% 47.1% 0.312 g 0.278 g

2 34.6% 65.4% 0.294 g 0.555 g

3 15.8% 84.2% 0.2604 g 1.3875 g

In order to calculate the mass of the first chlorine sample, we need to set up a ratio and
solve.
!.#$% ' ( /%.0 %
=
)*)+, -+.. $!! %

Cross-multiply and divide to get 0.590 g as the total mass of the sample.
We know that 47.1 % of this total mass is chlorine, we just multiply 0.590 g * 0.471 to
get 0.278 g as the mass of chlorine.
Follow this same type of calculation to arrive at the answers for the other blanks.

a. Correct answer: no, they are not from the same compound. If they were from the
same compound, they would have an identical % composition of each element.

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