Name: Grade and Section:

Activity Worksheet 4

MELC 1: Explain how special relativity resolved the conflict between Newtonian mechanics and
Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory
MELC 2: Explain the consequences of the postulates of Special Relativity (e.g., relativity of simultaneity,
timedilation, length contraction, mass-energy equivalence, and cosmic speed limit)

Instruction: Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided.
_____1. What makes Special Relativity "special"?
a. It is for all cases.
b. It is only for objects moving at a constant velocity.
c. It is only for accelerating objects.
d. It is for objects rotating.
_____2. Which of the following shows the conflict between Newtonian mechanics and Maxwell's
electromagnetic theory?
a. Maxwell's electromagnetic theory proposed that speed of light is not constant.
b. Newtonian mechanics tells that the speed of light is constant.
c. Newtonian mechanics tells that the speed of light depends on the speed of the observer. d.
Maxwell's electromagnetic theory tells that the speed of light depends on the speed of the observer.
_____3. Einstein's theory of special relativity is based on what two postulates?
a. All inertial frames of reference moving with constant velocity are relative to one
another. b. The laws of physics application change based on the condition of the
observer.
c. The speed of light depends on the speed of the observer.
d. The speed of light is constant in all inertial frame of reference.
_____4. The consequences of the special theory of relativity include time dilation and length contraction.
What is true about time dilation?
a. It is only significant when one of the objects involved travel at relativistic speed
b. An object seems to contract when travelling at relativistic speeds.
c. It includes the effects of accelerating objects and their mass on space-time.
d. It twists the space and bends light.
_____5. To which of the following can the concepts of Newtonian mechanics be applied to?
a. Objects with speed twice the speed of light.
b. Objects with speed much greater than the speed of light.
c. Objects with speed equal to the speed of light
 d. Objects with speed much smaller than the speed of light.
MELC 3: Explain the consequences of the postulates of General Relativity (e.g., correct predictions of shifts
in the orbit of Mercury, gravitational bending of light, and black holes)
MELC 4: Explain how the speeds and distances of far-off objects are estimated (e.g., doppler effect
andcosmic distance ladder)

Instruction: Analysis. Select the letter of your answer.

A. If A alone support the statement. B. If B alone support the statement. C. If both A
and B support the statement. D. If none of the above support the statement.

_____6. General Relativity is the extension of the special relativity.

A. Light can be bent by massive objects such as a star.
B. It explains the concept of gravity.
_____7. Doppler Effect is the shift in the wavelength of the emitted light of an object.
A. Waves emitted by an object traveling toward an observer get compressed.
B. Is used by the astronomers to estimate the speeds of near-off objects.
_____8. Gravity is not a force but a consequence of the curvature of space-time.
A. It caused by the uneven distribution of force.
B. Mercury follow a precise elliptical orbit rather that a slowly shifting path.
_____9. Black holes are formed when supermassive stars collapse upon itself.
A. Particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light can escape from it.
B. It will form into a body with a very strong gravitational pull.
_____10. Celestial mechanics is the branch of astronomy that deals with motions of celestial bodies.
A. It estimates the speeds and distances of celestial bodies.
B. It is the most common method used to measure the distances of all celestial bodies.

MELC 5: Explain how we know that we live in an expanding universe, which used to be hot and is
approximately 14 billion years’ old.
Instructions: Give a short explanation for your answers.

1. The exact age of the universe is unknown, but it is estimated to be around 14 billion years old. Explain
how at this present time, we are able to live in a rapidly expanding universe that was once hot and is now 14
billion years old. (5 points)