Recall

first law of thermodynamics

U = Q − W
thermodynamic processes:
adiabatic, isochoric, isobaric,
isothermal
Thermodynamics

Directions of
Thermodynamic
Processes
2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Jonathan P. Manigo, PhD

Joey Arles O. Vergara
Instructors
Natural Thermodynamic Processes
are irreversible processes
proceed spontaneously in one direction
(e.g. mechanical energy into heat)
non-equilibrium processes (e.g. they don’t
occur at melting or boiling points)

NATURAL HEAT FLOW

high temperature to
low temperature region

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Reversible Processes
proceed in one direction and the other
equilibrium processs IRREVERSIBLE vs. REVERSIBLE PROCESS

4
Reversible Processes
proceed in one direction and the other
equilibrium process IRREVERSIBLE vs. REVERSIBLE PROCESS

5
Disorder vs. Thermodynamic Process
DISORDER
randomness of a thermodynamic system
may increase or decrease depending on the
direction of the thermodynamic process

The 2nd Law of

Thermodynamics is all
about the direction of the
thermodynamic process
heating an object increases the disorder
of the molecules comprising it (freezing
decreases the disorder)

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END OF LESSON