Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Gang LIN
Department of Electronics and telecommunications
August 26, 2004
1
Traditional Frequency Division
Multiplex (FDM)
• Sub-channels are completely separated in
frequency
2
Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplex (OFDM)
• There exists intersection between sub-channels but
sub-channels are orthogonal to each other.
3
Why we use OFDM in wireless channel?
4
Two main categories of OFDM
5
OFDM/QAM with guard interval
6
Guard interval to eliminate ISI in
OFDM/QAM
8
Some characteristics of OFDM/QAM
BWloss = 1 (1 + ∆ T )
• Usually, ∆ = 0.2T
9
Basic block diagram of OFDM/OQAM
10
Pulse design for OFDM/OQAM
Principles for the design of pulse:
- Zero ISI and ICI
- Concentrated in time and/or frequency
Example:
(1) Square root raised cosine pulse with a roll off factor less
than 1, which is strictly band limited to [-1/T,1/T];
(2) Optimal finite duration pulses with maximum energy
concentration in [-1/T,1/T].
11
Modulator of OFDM/OQAM based on DFT
12
Demodulator of OFDM/OQAM based on DFT
13
Equalization for OFDM/OQAM
• OFDM/OQAM need equalizer in multi-path
channel;
• If the equalizer eliminates ISI, then ICI is also
eliminated;
• If the number of sub-channel is large enough, the
channel can be viewed as flat fading. Then a one-
tap equalizer is sufficient.
14
A rough Comparison of OFDM/QAM
and OFDM/OQAM
OFDM/QAM OFDM/OQAM
• Implementation of OFDM/OQAM;
• Equalization for OFDM/OQAM over multi-path
fading channel;
• Design of pulses robust to carrier frequency offset.
16
Future research
• Synchronization;
- Timing and frequency offset estimation
- Joint timing and frequency offset and channel estimation
17