ST.

PATRICK MATH-SCI SCHOOL

SY. 2021-2022

Lesson Outline
Date: September 15, 2021

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the discussion, the teachers will be able to:
1. explain the differences and uses of the demonstratives this, these, that and those;
2. construct meaningful sentences using the demonstratives this, these, that and those; and
3. create a descriptive paragraph from a given topic and read it with proper intonation and
pronunciation.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Using THIS, THESE, THAT, and THOSE

References:

British Council. (n.d.). Perfect Aspect. Retrieved September 5, 2021, from British Council Learning English:
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/perfect-aspect

Estlund, E. (n.d.). Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics (Language Skills Practice). United States of America:
Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Grammar Monster. (n.d.). Perfect Aspect. Retrieved September 5 2021, from Grammar Monster: Free
Grammar Lessons and Exercises: https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/perfect_aspect.htm

Gunner, J. (n.d.). Has vs. Have: Proper Grammar Rules. Retrieved from Your Dictionary:
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/vs/has-vs-have-proper-grammar-rules.html
III. PROCEDURE
Activating Prior Knowledge

 The teachers will answer the following:

Correct the mistake in each sentence.
1. These was such an interesting experience.
2. The snow those fell last night has already melted.
3. Nathan bought that puzzles for his little sister.
4. This Japanese woodcuts were made during the eighteenth century.
5. This is a brilliant idea!
6. These is the list of items to be bought at the supermarket.
7. This are the boxes of ingredients for our dinner tonight.
8. Mom imagined those recipe she made will be a hit.
9. Posted on the board are the lists of that who passed the examination.
10. These birds on the tree are chirping harmoniously.
 The teachers will explain their answers.

Acquiring New Knowledge

The facilitator will begin the discussion using a short PowerPoint Presentation.
The outline below will be used during the discussion:

This, That, These, and Those

Demonstratives: This, that, these, and those are demonstratives. We use this, that,
these and those to point to people and things.
This and that are singular.
These and those are plural.
 We use them as determiners/adjectives and pronouns.

A demonstrative pronoun takes the place of a noun phrase that has

 already been mentioned. (It always comes after the noun.)

A demonstrative determiner/adjective modifies the noun and is

always followed by the noun. (It always comes before the noun.)
As determiners: Pointing to things
We use this and that with singular and uncountable nouns:
 Try to repeat this exercise every morning and evening.
 What does this music make you think of?
 I’ve never been to that part of France.
 Can I have some of that juice, please?
We use these and those with plural nouns:
 You can use any one of these computers.
 I need to paint those windows.
Time phrases
We often use this with words describing time and dates like
morning, afternoon, evening, week, month, year to refer to ‘the one
that’s coming’ or ‘the one we’re currently in’:
 I’ll be with you some time this evening.
 Johan seemed very happy this afternoon.
 Ian is in Germany all this week.
As pronouns: Referring to things or ideas
We normally use this, that, these and those as pronouns to refer to
things or ideas:
 Can you turn that off if you’re not watching it? (talking about
the TV)
 What color are those? Black or dark blue. I can’t see.
(talking about shoes)
 Put the butter, chocolate, and sugar in a saucepan. Heat this
over a low flame until it melts.
 We’re going to eat first and then go to the film. Are you
happy with that? (Are you happy with the idea of eating first,
then going to the film?)
Referring to people
We can use this and that as pronouns to refer to people when we
want to identify ourselves or others, or to ask the identity of other
speakers:
 Linda, this is my mother, Anne.
 Is that your brother over there?
 We often do this in telephone calls and in answer-phone
messages:
 Hello, is that Kent Chua? This is Jane Reyes here.
Uses: Physical closeness and distance
We use this and these most commonly to point to things and people
that are close to the speaker or writer, or things that are happening
now:
 Shall I use this knife here? [pointing to something]
 Is this what you mean?
 I’ll post these letters on my way home. [pointing to a pile of
letters]
 Do these belong to the Bradshaws?
We use that and those most commonly to point to things and people
which are not easy to identify in a situation. They are often more
distant from the speaker, and sometimes closer to the listener:
 What’s in that bottle over there?
 Could you blow out those candles near you?
 Sometimes they are not visible to either the speaker or
listener:
 Budapest! That’s my favorite place!
Emotional distance
We sometimes use this, these, that, and those to identify emotional
distance. We use this and these to refer to things that we feel
positive about, that we are happy to be associated with, or we
approve of:
 I love these new woolen mobile phone covers that you can
get.
 We use that and those to create distance:
  What are you going to say to that sister of yours?
 I didn’t like the decoration. It had those awful paintings.
This and that uses: Shared knowledge and new information
We sometimes use that instead of the to refer the listener to shared
knowledge, often when we are telling a story or explaining
something:
 You know that old shop on the corner? Well, they’re going to
turn it into a restaurant.
We sometimes use this instead of a/an to refer to something
important or recent, or to introduce a new person or thing in a story:
 This guy knocked on the door and asked if I wanted new
windows.
 Then suddenly she pulled out this big pile of papers from her
briefcase and threw them on the table.
Substitution: We normally only use that as a substitute for a thing, not for a
person or animal:
Have you met Mr. Kelly?
The one who works at the town hall, or his brother?
The one at the town hall.
Not: That who works at the town hall.
We can use those as a substitute for persons, animals or things:
There are sports facilities for guests. Those interested in golf can
enjoy our eighteen-hole course.
Common mistakes In formal contexts, especially in academic style, we use that
of/those of instead of the one of/the ones of. This is preferred to the
possessive X’s one/X’s ones:

The proton has a similar mass to that of a neutron. (preferred to The

proton has a similar mass to the neutron’s.)
The emotions in the poems are those of loss and grief.
-Not: The emotions in the poem are loss and grief ones.

Incorrect: The climate of Davao is better than Makati.

Correct: The climate of Davao is better than that of Makati.

Incorrect: The students of our school are better than their school.
Correct: The students of our school are better than those of their
school.
Application

The teachers will complete the sentences by adding this, these, that, and those.
1. ______ are wonderful, ripe, juicy grapes.
2. The experiment ______ we conducted in chemistry class was fascinating.
3. Isn’t ______ a great song?
4. Then the cook served ______ Mediterranean dish.
5. Will ______ candles burn for more than five hours?
Write DA if the demonstratives are used as adjectives; write DP if the demonstratives are used as pronouns.
6. Those roaches under our sink are totally gross.
7. I don’t think my vote really counts. That is the way of the world.
8. These shoes smell disgusting; they’re just gross.
9. That is my gym bag. I thought I lost it.
10. I watched several old movies. Those old films are just incredible.
Assessment

The teachers will create a descriptive paragraph about the given topic with a minimum of 5 sentences. They
have to use the demonstratives this, these, that, and those. The teachers will share their essays and should
apply correct intonation and pronunciation while reading.

Topic: What are the things/hobbies that make you really happy?

IV. REMARKS

to be filled out after the implementation of this plan