Review of

the past
topic:
Let’s review:
Do you think…
Identify the mistakes in the paragraph.
APOSTROPHE
in possessives and contractions

Topic 7– October 13, 2021

At the end of the discussion, you are expected to:

1. explain how apostrophe is used in possessives and contractions;

2. construct meaningful sentences using possessives and contractions;

and

3. create a descriptive paragraph from a given topic and read it with

proper intonation and pronunciation.
Table of contents

01 02
Rules for
Apostrophe
What makes it important?
Possessives
What makes it different from
contractions?

03 04
Rules for
Contraction
Contractions
What makes it different from
Why it is created?
possessives?
 01
Apostrophe
What makes it important?
Apostrophe

Apostrophes can be tricky. Sometimes they form possessives.

Sometimes they form contractions. Can they ever make
something plural?

The apostrophe ( ’ ) has three uses:

 Contractions;
 Plurals; and
 Possessives.
 02
Rules for Possessives
What makes it different from contractions?
Possessives

Possessives are word forms that we use to talk about ownership

and relationship between things and people. They take different
forms depending on how they are used.
Possessives│General Rule

We add 's to singular nouns to

show possession:
Possessives│General Rule

The possessive of a plural noun

is formed by adding only an
apostrophe when the noun
ends in s, and by adding both an
apostrophe and s when it ends
in a letter other than s.
Possessives│Exceptions

Use only an apostrophe for

singular nouns that are in the
form of a plural—or have a
final word in the form of a
plural—ending with an s.
Possessives│Exceptions

Nouns that end in an s sound

take only an apostrophe when
they are followed by sake.
Possessives│Exceptions

A proper noun that is already in possessive form is left as is.

Possessives│Shared or Individual Possessives

Joint possession is indicated by a single apostrophe.

Possessives│Shared or Individual Possessives

Individual possession is indicated by apostrophes for each

possessor.
Possessives│Awkward Possessives
Possessives│with other Punctuations

The apostrophe should never be separated from the word to

which it attaches by adjacent punctuation.
Possessives│Possessive Nouns

Do we add another s for the possessive form of a name ending

with s? Which is correct, Chris’s chair or Chris’ chair? James’s car
or James’ car?

The general rule is that the possessive of a singular noun is

formed by adding an apostrophe and s, whether the singular noun
ends in s or not.
Possessive
Adjectives
_________

Possessive
Pronouns
 03
Contractions
Why it is created?
Contractions

A contraction is a shortened form of a word (or group of words)

that omits certain letters or sounds.

In a contraction, an apostrophe represents missing letters. The

most common contractions are made up of verbs, auxiliaries, or
modals attached to other words:
Contractions

Professional Writing Tip:

Contractions are usually considered to be relatively casual. If

you’re writing something very formal, you may want to avoid
using them except in cases like o’clock, where the full phrase (of
the clock) is very rare.
Contractions │Most Important
 04
Rules for Contractions
What makes it different from possessives?
Contractions

Avoid two of the most common contraction–apostrophe errors: the

contraction of it is is it’s, and the contraction of let us is let’s;

without the apostrophe, its is the possessive form of it, and lets is
a form of the verb let, as in “to allow or permit.”
Contractions
Contractions

In informal writing, it is acceptable to indicate a year with only

the last two digits preceded by an apostrophe.

Example:

the class of ’85

pop music from the ’80s
Contractions │Plurals

The apostrophe is seldom used to form a plural noun.

Exercise 01: Rewrite each phrase by using the possessive
case.
1 the dish of the dog __________________________________

2 the poems of the women __________________________________

3 the raincoat of someone __________________________________

4 the cassette of him __________________________________

5 the basketball team of the two girls __________________________________

6 the games of the children __________________________________

Exercise 02: Select the correct word in parentheses to complete each
sentence.

7 Will (you’re, your) dad pick us up after dance practice?

8 (Who’s, Whose) scarves are on the bench?

9 (They’re, Their) Melinda’s school uniforms.

10 (It’s, Its) a shame that she left them.

11 Well, (there’s, theirs) still time to call her.

12 Our team lost (it’s, its) first chance for the finals.
 FINAL ACTIVITY:

Create a short essay by constructing

descriptive sentences about the given
topic. Then, share with the class by
reading with proper intonation and
pronunciation. Apply the correct usage of
possessives and contractions in your
sentences as much as possible.
Who are the people you look up
to? Do they have things in
common? What are the things (or
characteristics they have) they do that
inspire you?