Dire Dawa University

Institute of technology
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
INDUSTRIAL CONTROL ENGINEERING
Semester project Title: - BIOMETRIC FINGERPRINT BASED ATM MACHINE SYSTEM
WITH GSM FEEDBACK MECHANISM

Project proposal
SUBMITTED BY:
NAME ID/No.

1. Mikiyas Legesse DDU1004307

2. Nardos Habtu DDU1001693
3. Hayloum Alemayo DDU1001515
4. Mubrek Nasir DDU1004331
5. Rahma Abdulkadir DDU1002440

Submission Date: OCT, 29, 2021

DIRE DAWA, ETHIOPIA
ABSTRACT
Biometric system is a pattern identification system that recognizes an individual by determining
the originality of the physical features and behavioral characteristic of that person. Of all the
recently used biometric techniques, fingerprint identification systems have gained the most
popularity because of the prolonged existence of fingerprints and its extensive use. Fingerprint is
dependable biometric trait as it is an individual and dedicated. Traditional Automated teller
machine systems authenticate generally using the user credit card and password, this method has
some defects. Using user credit card and password cannot verify the client’s identity exactly. Thus,
the proposed system replaces the traditional Automated teller machine cards with fingerprint. In
the proposed method, the transaction can be made more secure without worrying about the user
credit card to be lost. In our system, we use PIC microcontroller as the main controller, and the
fingerprint sensor (i.e., r305). The fingerprint and the user credit card id of all users are stored in
the database of the bank. A Fingerprint scanner is used to acquire the fingerprint of the individual,
after which the system requests for the personal identification number for verification. If the
fingerprints do not match, the personal identification number authentication of user credit card is
not required. After the verification of both the fingerprint and the personal identification number
authentication with the data stored in the system database, the user is allowed to make transactions.

Keywords: Biometric, fingerprint, (Automated teller machine) ATM cards, authenticateion,

micro controller

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Table of Contents

ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................... i
List of figure ................................................................................................................................. iii
List of Table .................................................................................................................................. iv
ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................. v
CHAPTER ONE ....................................................................................................................... - 1 -
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... - 1 -
1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... - 1 -
1.2 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... - 2 -
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM .................................................................................................... - 3 -
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECTS............................................................................................ - 3 -
1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE ...................................................................................................... - 3 -
1.4.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE ...................................................................................................... - 3 -
1.5 PROJECT SCOPE ...................................................................................................................... - 4 -
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................ - 4 -
1.7 ORGANIZTATION OF THE PROJECT.................................................................................... - 4 -
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................................. - 5 -
CHAPTER TWO ....................................................................................................................... - 6 -
LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................... - 6 -
2.1 GENERAL LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... - 6 -
CHAPTER THREE................................................................................................................... - 8 -
METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM ...................................................... - 8 -
3.1 METHODS .................................................................................................................................... - 8 -
3.2 OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM ........................................................................ - 9 -
3.3. COMPONENTS Required ....................................................................................................... - 10 -
3.4 OVERALL FLOW CHART OF SYSTEM ................................................................................ - 10 -
CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................................... - 12 -
WORK PLAN AND BUDGET .............................................................................................. - 12 -
4.1 Work Plan ................................................................................................................................... - 12 -
4.2 Budget ......................................................................................................................................... - 12 -
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................... - 13 -

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List of figure

Figure 1 methods....................................................................................................................................... - 8 -
Figure 2 system block diagram ................................................................................................................. - 9 -
Figure 3 the overall flow chart of the system.......................................................................................... - 11 -

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List of Table
Table 1 .................................................................................................................................................... - 12 -
Table 2 .................................................................................................................................................... - 12 -

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ACRONYMS

ATM: Automated teller machine

PIN: Personal identification number
PIC: programmable interface controller
DC: Direct current

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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Biometrics-based authentication offers several advantages over other authentication.
Fingerprint technology in particular, can provide a much more accurate and reliable user
authentication method. Biometrics is a rapidly advancing field that is concerned with identifying
a person based on their physiological characteristics. As the ATM technology is advancing,
fraudsters are devising different skills to beat the security of ATM operations. Various forms of
fraud are perpetuated, ranging from: ATM card theft, skimming, pin theft, card reader techniques,
pin pad techniques, force withdrawals, and etc. Managing the risk associated with ATM fraud as
well as diminishing its impact of fraud is an important issue that faces financial institutions as
fraud techniques have become more advanced with increased occurrences. Considering the
numerous security challenge encountered by ATM and users and given that the existing security
in the ATM system has not been able to address these challenges, there is the need to enhance the
ATM security system to overcome these challenges. This study focuses on how to enhance security
of transactions in ATM system using fingerprint. The aim of this study therefore is to develop
ATM simulator-based fingerprint verification operations in order to reduce frauds associated with
the use of ATM.

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1.2 BACKGROUND
Biometric identify people by measuring some aspects of individual anatomy or physiology
(such as your hand geometry or finger print), some deeply Ingrained skill, or other behavioral
characteristics (such your handwritten signature), or something that is a of the two (such as your
voice). Biometric authentication technologies such as face, finger, hand, and iris and speaker
recognition is commercially available today and are already in use. Biometric system is essentially
a pattern recognition system that operates by acquiring biometric data from an individual,
extracting a feature set from the acquire data, and comparing this feature set against the template
set in the database. Depending on the text, a biometric system may operate either in verification
mode or identification mode.

Verification mode: In the verification mode, the system validates a person’s identity by
comparing the capture biometric data with his/her own biometric templates stored system database.
In such a system, an individual who desires to be recognized claims an identity, usually through a
PIN, a user name, a smart card etc…, and the system conducts a one-to-one comparison to
determine the claim whether the claim is true or wrong.

Identification mode: In this mode the system recognizes an individual by searching the
templates of all the user in the database for a match. As a result, the system conducts a one to many
comparisons to establish an individual identity without the subject having to claim an identity for
instance “whose biometric data is this?”. Identification is a critical component in negative
recognition application where the system establishes whether the person is who implicitly or
explicitly denies to be. The purpose of negative recognition is to prevent single person from using
multiple identities. Identification may be used in positive recognition for convenience that the user
is not required to claim an identity while traditional method of personal recognition such as
passwords, PINs, keys, and tokens may work for positive recognition can only be established
through biometrics.

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1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

There is a problem in current banking system since the current banking payment system is used
booking and visa card system. Despite in the modern electronically unified society a highly
consistent and reliable automatic personal authentication method is needed. The very famous
technique which can be used easily and which fulfills high security need is biometric. Due to its
extreme uniqueness and immutability “finger print” is most widely used biometric technique. With
today’s systems, individuals can authenticate their identity by one or an arbitrary combination of
the following three means:

 Knowledge: The specific knowledge of a secret, such as a password, passphrase, or PIN

code.
 Possession: The possession of the specific item or token, for instance a key, smart card or
identity card.
 Biometric: With a specific characteristic of the individual’s body such as finger print, iris
pattern, retina pattern, genetic finger print, voice features, facial properties, signature,
signature.

1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECTS

1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE
Developing an automatic teller machine system that utilizes fingerprint module technology by
using PIC microcontroller with other parameter in order to improve authentication of customer
using ATM machine and make ATM transaction more secure and user friendly.

1.4.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

 To research scope of biometric authentication techniques in ATMs.
 Fingerprint recognition: The masters' fingerprint information was used as the standards of
identification. It must certify the feature of the human fingerprint before using ATM system.
 Remote authentication: System can compare current client's fingerprint
 To generate module this helps for simple operation of ATMs with full proof secure
authentication

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1.5 PROJECT SCOPE

The scope of this project describe the simulation of an automated teller machine with the
capability of the combination of both biometric (fingerprint) and password (PIN) based
authentication with a view to provide a more secure Online banking transaction on ATM: Only
banking system is captured. The biometric authentication system will consists of five main
components. These are: sensor, feature extractor, fingerprint/template database, and matcher and
decision module.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The primary significance of biometric authentication methods over other methods of user
authentication is that they really do what they should that is they authenticate the user. This method
uses real human physiological or behavioral characteristics to authenticate the user. This biometric
characteristic is permanent and not changeable. User cannot pass their biometric characteristics to
other user as easily as they do with their card or password. Biometric objects cannot be stolen as
tokens, keys, cards or other used for the traditional user authentication. Most biometric techniques
are based on something that cannot be lost or forgotten.

1.7 ORGANIZTATION OF THE PROJECT

This project organized in five chapters based on their specific content those are explained each and
every as shown below statements.

First, in chapter one, there are different topics which deal with introduction, statement of the
problem, objectives of the project, general objective of the project and specific objectives of the
project, significant of the project, scope of the project, limitation of the project and project
organization. Next, chapter two deals with literature review of the project, that means how the
project was look like previous done by different person to modify our new project. Then, Chapter
three focused system design and hardware description of the project especially block diagram,
flow chart, working principle and material description. And chapter four about budget and work
plan.

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1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

 The fingerprint sensor module in proteus
 Not having good knowledge

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CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 GENERAL LITERATURE REVIEW

Biometric systems have overtime served as robust security mechanisms in various domains.
Fingerprints are the newest and most widely used form of biometric identification. The use of
finger print for identification has been employed in law enforcement for about a century. A much
broader application of fingerprint is for personal authentication, for instance to access a computer,
a network, an ATM machine, a car or a home. The method uses 3D analysis of the finger for
tracking and identification purposes. An individual places their hand (palm down) onto a special
plate. [1]

Madu, C.N., & Madu, A.A. (2002) pointed out that the concern of customers about security
and privacy, while using this service, is a major cause of their dissatisfaction. [2] Most finger print
scan technologies are based minutiae. Samir Nanavati states that most finger scan technologies are
based on minutiae matching but that pattern matching is a leading alternative. This technology
bases its feature extraction and template generation on a series of ridges, as opposed to discrete
point. The use of many ridges reduces dependence on minutiae points, which tend to be affected
by wear and tear. The downside of pattern matching is that it is more sensitive to the placement of
the finger during verification and the created template is several times larger in byte size. Finger
scan technology is proven and capable of high levels of accuracy. This is a long history of
fingerprint identification, classification and analysis. This along with distinctive features of
fingerprints has set the finger scan apart from other biometric technologies.

There are physiological characteristics more distinctive than the fingerprint such as iris and
retina, but automated identification technology capable of leveraging these characteristics have
been developed only over the past some years. The technology has grown smaller, more capable
and with many solutions available. Devices slightly thicker than a coin and an inch square in size
are able to capture and process images. Additionally, some may see the large number of finger
scan solutions available today as disadvantages and as advantage by ensuring marketplace
completion which has resulted in in a number of robust solutions for desktop, laptop, tablet,

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physical access and point of sale environments. Biometric data are separate and distinct from
personal information. Biometric templates cannot be reverse engineered to recreate personal
information and they cannot be stolen and used to access personal information.

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CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.1 METHODS
Among the methods that we for our project include the following.

Figure 1 methods

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3.2 OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

For this project at first the customer should enter his/her own password to store the fingerprint
in terms of binary form. Therefore, we need to prepare the device to receive first the fingerprint
then entered the password then it will be stored in EEPROM memory. As a result of this it will
match the entered fingerprint with the sored one, and also the check the password we will match
the store one. The project biometric authenticated fingerprint ATM machine uses: - PIC18F8722
controller, fingerprint modules, crystal oscillator, motor, motor deriver, key pad, and LCD display.

Figure 2 system block diagram

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3.3. COMPONENTS Required

1. PIC18f8722 microcontroller
2 unipolar stepper motor
3 power supply unit
4 LCD display
5 finger print module
6 key pad
7 crystal oscillator

3.4 OVERALL FLOW CHART OF SYSTEM

The functional flow diagram shows the working of the whole security system. Firstly, the user
will fingerprint scanning; if it matches then only the user can proceed further. Enter the ATM pin
the system would allow customer to enter password (PIN) for accessing ATM machine, if the pin
does not match with the stored consecutively for three times, then it sends the message notification
to the bank security department or to the user the alert notification and the pin number.

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Figure 3 the overall flow chart of the system

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CHAPTER FOUR

WORK PLAN AND BUDGET

4.1 Work Plan

Table 1
ACTIVITY TIME/SCHEDULE
Collection of literature 3 days
Data collection 4 days
Study of literature 3 days
Analysis of proposed project 5 days
Analysis and implemenation 7 days
Final write up 2 days
Total working hour 24 days

4.2 Budget
Table 2

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REFERENCES

[1] Shahan, Timothy A. and Christopher A. Podlesnik. "Divided Attention Performance and the
Matching Law". Learning & Behavior 34.3 (2006): 255-261. Web.

[2] Madu, C.N., & Madu, A.A. (2002). Dimensions of e-quality. International Journal of Quality
[3] ESaatci, V Tavsanogh. Fingerprint image enhancement using CNN gabor-Cpe filter[C].

Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and their
Applications 2002: 377-382.

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