AUTOMATIC

VENTLATION
AND COOLING
MODELS.

MUHAMMED ANSHAD K P 19-BPP-19

 introduction
• On-farm ventilation systems is a key factor
to consider in poultry production facilities.
Maintaining adequate temperature and
aeration of the houses is essential to ensure
animal welfare and economic performance of
the farm.
WHAT IS AUTOMATED POULTRY FARM?
• This all-in-one system is suitable for all types of
broilers, layers, breeders and pullets.
• It regulates, controls And monitors all your poultry
house processes, such as climate, feed, water,
lighting, animal weight, egg count and egg flow
optimisation.
The role of ventilation

• In poultry farming (eggs and especially meat

producers) birds need to consume a large amount of
good quality feed to develop the metabolic
processes required by the environment and their
 organisms (growth, posture, weight gain, etc.).
Besides, other factors are involved in this process:
population density, geographic location and age of
the birds, among others.
• The metabolic processes increase humidity levels.
Birds eliminate water through respiration and feces
and the moisture is accumulated in the environment
and needs to be removed through ventilation. Also,
humidity increases the thermal sensation of the
birds.
• On the other hand, in this metabolic process, a large
amount of heat is released to the environment,
which we measure through temperature. Because
 birds cannot sweat, they eliminate the excess of heat
through breathing, vigorous flapping, and panting.
• Ventilation helps to eliminate excess of heat and
humidity from the sheds where the birds are housed,
generating comfort and welfare.
• Birds eliminate body heat in 4 ways, which are the
ones that increase the temperature of the shed,
these are:

• Convection: the heat of the bird is

eliminated by air movement
• Conduction: heat is transferred by direct
contact
• Radiation: the bird emits electromagnetic
waves of heat
• Evaporation: by breathing, the bird removes
heat through water
Having a ventilation system and a
controlled poultry environment,
provide some benefits: •
Correct balance of the gases that participate in
the metabolism of the birds: good availability
of oxygen breathed, and elimination of gases
such as Carbon Dioxide CO2 and ammonia
NH3.
• Avoid heat stress that leads to less food
consumption and, in some cases, death due
to heat shock in populations.
• Lower costs associated with energy demand
in inefficient systems that cannot control the
temperature.
• Reduction of the humidity of the litter, which
avoids the appearance of problems in the leg
of the birds.
Ventilation basics
• Before mentioning ventilation, some concepts
should be clarified as they are mentioned
commonly,
• Controlled environment: it is an environment or
accommodation whose physical configuration (that
is how it is built) allows the manipulation and
control of the conditions such as temperature,
 humidity, airflow, the quantity of gases, among
others. To be optimal it must be sealed; This is one
of the most common shortcomings.
• Fan: it is a machine that facilitates the movement of
ambient air into the shed, to mix the outside air with
the inside and thus balance the temperature and
humidity.
• Extractor: it is a machine that facilitates the
expulsion of the air inside the shed to the outside
environment again after it has circulated throughout
the poultry house.
• Minimum ventilation: it is an expression used to
 refer to the ventilation that a poultry farm needs
to maintain the environment of the houses in
optimal and balanced conditions
Ventilation Systems

• Ventilation systems are generally divided

into two types:

• (1) Natural air flow system and

• (2) Mechanical air movement (fans).
Natural air flow system

• One advantage of natural ventilation is the low

investment due to the use of natural resources and
simple installation. Natural ventilation is based on the
chimney effect. Warm air rises and disappears
through an opening in the roof ("chimney"). This
creates a slight negative pressure in the stable and
fresh air is sucked in through inlet openings on the
side (those with flaps or curtains opened or closed).
Systems based on natural ventilation have, however,
become less popular due to the disadvantages of
manual control and limited capacity

Ideal natural ventilation methods for winter (with and

without wind)
Ideal natural ventilation methods for
summer
 Mechanical ventilation system

• Mechanical ventilation system

• Mechanical air movement is required to properly
ventilate a house in all extreme climatic conditions.

These mechanical systems use electric fans as

principal components to exchange air in the
building. They can be divided into two distinct
types:
• (1) negative pressure and
• (2) positive pressure.
• Negative (Exhaust) System: In the negative
pressure system, fans are arranged to expel air from
the building. In doing so, they create a partial
vacuum or negative pressure inside the house. The
pressure difference pulls fresh air through inlets into
the poultry house . Distribute inlets uniformly
around the perimeter of the building. The location,
distribution and size of the fans and inlets are critical
if all areas of the house are to be ventilated. Design
specifications are available from equipment
manufacturers and Extension engineers.
• The location of the fans and air inlets depends
upon the width of the building. For buildings up to
40 feet wide, place the fans in one sidewall. Fans on
the sidewall opposite the prevailing wind will reduce
back-pressure on the fan. The fans provide much
better ventilation if they are spaced uniformly along
the wall. Buildings more than 50 feet wide need fans
on both sidewalls.
• Air inlet size is critical to proper functioning of
the ventilation system. The air inlet velocity must be
high enough to ensure fresh air reaches all portions
of the facility. However, the air velocity must not be
so high that the birds are subject to draughts. Install
inlets so air enters and moves toward the ceiling.
This arrangement allows the cold ventilating air to
be tempered somewhat by mixing with the warm air
already in the house before it comes into contact
with the birds. This helps reduce draughts.
• Positive Pressure System
• A positive pressure system uses fans to push air
into the building and create a positive pressure. The
pressure difference causes the air to move – in this
case out through louvers or other outlets. A number
of positive pressure systems are used in the poultry
industry. One system pushes warm air into the house
and mixes it with inside air throughout the house. In
another type, the warm air is pushed the length of the
house through plastic tubes or ducts with outlets.
This system distributes heat and mixes air in the
poultry house.
 General Requirements for
Effective Installation
• Design the system with extreme climatic conditions
of the area in mind.
• Follow the design and specifications when you
install the ventilation equipment.
• For system balance, the building should be filled
with birds to the designed capacity.
• Insulation of the structure must be based on the
intended use and local weather conditions.
• Insulation should be of the proper type and installed
so as to be protected from rapid deterioration.
• Clean the ventilation system regularly and adjust it
seasonally.
• Provide supplemental heat and cooling for extreme
climatic conditions.
• All equipment (fans and controls) should be
serviced periodically and maintained in good
condition.
• Provide good management for the poultry, the
building and the ventilation system.
• A suitable alarm system and/or stand-by electric
generating equipment should be available in case of
power failure.
 Cooling system for poultry house
• Background
• Chickens and turkeys are sensitive to high
temperatures.
• High temperatures lower the chicken’s metabolism,
which reduces egg production.
• Extremely hot days can even raise the mortality rate.
• A cooling system is critical in order to achieve high
production rates and increase efficiency.
• Poultry houses with layers (egg-laying hens), broilers
(chickens farmed for meat) and free range
• chickens all require some kind of cooling system
Air cooling systems for humidity and temperature
control
• Poultry farms need to control the level of temperature
and humidity especially during summer time to avoid
heat issues.
• Our air cooling systems sprays fine fog without
wetting the objects in the area. The spray capacity is
controlled by utilizing a sensor for temperature and
humidity according to the conditions of the outside
air. We adapt each installation depending on the
ventilation style of the poultry farm.
 Cooling Principles

The cooling concept is based on evaporative

cooling. There are three main systems:
1.Fogger system with exhaust fan
extraction-Evaporation of small water
droplets that float along the poultry house.
As the fine droplets evaporate, they cool the
entire room with minimal wetting of the
ground floor.
2.Micro-sprinklers—Cooling of the chickens’
 bodies with larger droplets that fall directly onto the
chickens
(mainly for layers and turkeys).This system can be
combined with air extraction. It can be operated
independently for poultry houses that don’t have
any other cooling system, or as support for the wet
pad system on extreme hot days (providing
additional moisture).
3.Wet Pad system—Moisture enrichment and
cooling
of the poultry house by means of suction of dry
air from the outside through a wet pad.
There are two types of wet pads:
1.Water circulation and air ventilation through
a pad made of special grade paper in a
honeycomb configuration.

2. Multiple black net layers ,instead of the above

“wet pad”.
It’s similarly based on a fan system and are
moistened by 180˚ sprayers (Modular or 7110),
without the need for a circulation system.
 System Structure, Design and
Operation
• 1. Tunnel House—Wet Pad and Internal
MicroSprinkler System
 Simple Wet pad –Net &
Sprayers
• The design for a 150 m house would be a
net wall section length of about 15 m
Sprayers: Modular 180˚ 70 l/hr mounted
along the net every 2.0 m Operation in
pulses according to climate controller
sensor for 3060 secs.
 Fogger System Design

• Super Fogger 4 outlets with 3 x 3 or 3 x 4 m

spacing Required pressure: 4.0 bar Flow rate:
24 l/hr
 Precipitation rate: 2.7, 2.0 mm/hr, according
to spacing Height of installation: maximal
height Operating time: a few seconds to 1.0
min, depending on ventilation operation time
Basic operation is a sequence of 5 seconds
on, 1.0 min. off. Adjust the time, according to
temperature and humidity. Filtration:
120mesh \ 130 micron
Rotating Fan system with
fogger nozzles Climate control system
 36" Poultry Air
Poultry Cooling Pads Circulation Fan
Poultry Farm Exhaust Fan
 conclusion

• Poultry farming is one of the most efficient sectors

of animal production, and part of these
achievements have been due to the implementation
of technologies such as ventilation in controlled
environments. Ensuring a balanced environment
and optimal conditions for the birds is translated
into improved intensive production and long-term
cost reduction. Therefore, knowing how ventilation
systems work and what benefits they have is a
crucial element for the development of any poultry
farm