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B.

Cort
OM emesler 1 Honou%S

EXamination, 2020 (Unde CBCS Syslem

Universi y KoLL No 19101 -11 -0+16

Univensi y Kogishoion No O17 -1211-2282 -19

Oubect Codo Name. CC -3.2 Ch

afe Name ' Indian inancial Sysen

Dala 03 |2021

o tal No e Sheets 19
Grvoup- A

be claseHod into
49Indian inancia ManKe.tmay
Fol loui1 Cadogomes
CredF MaKet btructune (6) Monec aKet tc)
oYeign 6xchange Man Ket a) Debt Manket le)
FOxeiqn
Capital Hao Kot F) Insuance Maket+ qDerivative
Mako t h) Bank As suhance
The Maor is itutiona
a)Cradt Maxket 5tructure an d Nbn-Bank?nq
aHe Banks
Credit SupplieS
mot Ban Hs
FinancioalInsi tutions i. . e , De velo p a n d othe
nsthtutions
dovelopment Finanual
Flnandal Companies Pnclud ing Housinqa
Ynclud HOus inq
Non bank ing 0Y undTaannad
non -insti
Hutional
Ompanieg T h e
nante Money -lende1s
5otCos
CTodit nctude villoge
Coredi+
o dit
and boUens tor rade
fndiqon Ou s banKers
Sou ce inance
Crodit Hasket is the main
The
tcYm oang.
and long
f'n a Financla Sskem
uuuxe
6) Moneq Moket crucial ole ota ctlidaBo
Honey Haxket Pooms bettoonn
5hovt tem
oquilibhum
i'n bdnging
Funds Ond thus helps
demand dnd SoPPl Money Make!
Marke!
The Money
in Conduct Monetaxy policy
ompris 0) lall Hohe
Hainly
insuments
Bills V
DeposiHs S)17easy Bills
COxicate Sectihec
Cm 2oVernment
Othey Shot
repos BankorS acceptances
toan Socti ons
o
/Co mmoical bille 6) Commou faal Papex and

ane NOI
YoqeNot2
CExchonaqe MaxKe Shruchure
nnola
Compises

The e ManKet
toxeign exchang and the Respxve
Bbnk
doclos s
Cuctomens ou thon2ed oOs Kept
rale SysBem
Ashe Marka+ exchange.
aradun libonlisahi on
i bonlisahi on

Yn Mach q2 and aradns

tnHorca ransochons
ransacHons
Vious
exBernal
On
On
Dresm'cions o
Onn
in
Haxkcetin Indio
India
foren
taken ttectto,the

hos 9ained depthnes s

do Shuctuxe D e b t HaxKe t
to6 Hain
lompises
he domeshc HonKe
G10vYnment
Secunites
Secut1Hies and
Vi2 The
Seqment+s
ements
ike PsU bonds
Se cunitios
Ohey CHainly Coporade)
Corporate olebt, e +c.The
DEI bonde.PAvaBe

vonment 6 ecwtrhos NanKek hos be en cdevelopad


Ohovoa Ohe Seament no So doveloped and

l'quidThe Nan investors in toverment Seuxi tyH


HaxKet în Indía ae Comm en lalbanks Co-Openahive
ban Ks and tnsmance ompanies Providen+ funds
rancdal nshtuHons incudinq exm e-Opexatve
bansad Pngtitutions nulual unds especialy
the qut+und s pnmasy leales Sato llto
oleales nonban King fiMance lompan CoYpO7 ak
enttties , etC
Max Ket buctwre
Capital
too Sects a) The
The Copital Consiche o
Haske +

Prmas g Haucets and b)The beconclay Mar keis


Toe Pimany Maxke ts e yelatod uih new iss 48e3
a o No 2

de bie and equidio By 1dauing thoce na humen 1


Covpor ate @ni ho bomDo om tho (apija Moo Ko 1he
60 tond a y Makete pwole quidts and Hayke Jab-

HAlec dthe inshyument a othe phmany Hax Ke t


econdan u Hat Kok Opoat es tho ugh tho VNedl'um
bto ck Oxchangoc hich log ulate the trad ng a ch vhes
n ths Hosket ond nsuwres
Safely Se cui t Ono
dali'ngs Ho thanvestors

Lrdion tinanual Htom byclassifing 4s Um


Ponehts
as a Sot
The tinonial Syatom may be oleinod
Complex and Ulocoly Connetded finandial inshitations
nstiutionol a orgemenk
an e(onomy. 14 s a Sef o
ae mob 1 li20d
thoug h Which nanciol £uwrpluses
intome and
Pom the Onits gonenating Sunplue
in need hem
transtooring tham to the Ohe
Pode sohich
Evoydem hos Soyonal
ntegralad
hatmonio u dly
wOYWs to achiave contun Objoctves he

Inchan finonclal slem s not an exception The


Hajov Componanme ethe lnolian finandal Sy sem ae

1 Finandol Market_The se aHe ethe Centra tohore


4he -hinandal i'nstitutio ng and government ndivi duos
tom Come toqe-tha to lend and bob tund s eHhe
odie caly or though brokon s The ae claa: ifiod indd
2 Cadegomes o
a Pimany Maket These ae he lonra Ohere
the inandal inShitalions ano govoTnment nolividuals
oqe No
Come dogethes o leno GAnal bowous funos olthe
OYecty aY Jh MO LOh bo Ken The ao classlhad
nle Ca log omes

4Pmoy Haxket 'Thena ae 4he Hatke whoxe


the exichg. 6 ecuiies oe tyodod the iss
tima .e meo sue Secutilioe is dealk oith
o the Maxket
SecondR Hoonk'et s Tt olene
radlod T h e
Whex e he eiohing Se cut iHies
class/had as
Fiance Loxket Can alco be

Honey
Horey anol Capita) Hoket
Ovganinad and Hankets
Un ovganiaed
For mal andl Itormal Hakets
tfie ial and Uno}clal Hakels
Domeshc d
an
tovalan Maot kods
fnanci al Instikuetl onethe se are. the ftnance
nte gmed iatte s that Colle ct Saving s bom Pe ple md

Proviol ee them dhe individuals , induhialisPs entreprenou


Set ve the interost both the inosto and
bomvwens helps in boing" about dha inshaion li
Saving and Conduct poper ane channelin

Sauing tinan cial nsHtutons Ute ypes bankinq


andnonbanhin finan dal incYtution Theu exk
knce
is mmens eV benejt+ o dhe efctan funchon ing o/
th e ti nancta Hsem

a) Bank ing inaniad nstitutons


ComeHciad b an s
NoN b ankingna nual instituhlons
Muluad fano lika LICClC
aae No6
nssnane oganizaHons 1ke Icic, De, EXI Bak
tNABARD et
Sma Sauing ord pnvden+und
Hiccell ancous
4ranc vicoc hace seutces aHe provided

h e inandal iniam adiariec in orde do bi dqs


the gp bokoco the invoor and MaaHek Thoce
induude
duude Harchor bankirg hire PuChactng , Cvdit
a n etC as he enare tnasda HaR is a
Seriice se theoreoretinandal Ceauiceoms the
e blcod e e Indian inandal Sygem .tau1iac
a orm aioh buginecs indushial and eLonom1c
oph.
raru ) Insrumaniz 1has e axehe hnandal osse
oim a9oinc apeson o r pamon In
tre u t e t dilfa mm cak o he in e c pat to

Hokela blk liauidih ick rangathon Cost etc


ihey ae fuha diuded indo

Pmary Securiho< these a the Se cwrihos


1Ssuco the dret booec for Su bscrpHon
he UHmak bormi Showe de benhn

Secondary Sewios tresa ae he Se cwhos i33ue


in trreauar for he Savens dakes
e+orrm H a n daposi t 1nsuwan e
Policie et
3nancil al Han Ke Ucg ulatorelor the Smooh
lician b Optnah on o a tinanuod Syekm ulos

ana cq uladibns
irdispensa ble Roaulatoss pay n
oe

inporiant olo in
the ena'cment
o Suc Uulas an a
yeauoor + inswante ofoinb ranspoucnt
y cem he Diga nan coll
elfici2nH4 1ha"plaHe AYChon
tideny
oge N o 6

TFe les played by MexChant banking a1e


obi'scussed belo
Role Horchan+ Banking in the View pont
in vestds and 6nrep erewrs

Tlase Naw lssu e OpenahlonImpor iontex


expec HOSoThor g s immens e in morchan banirg
SySen tor he eue new haes

Under wnhn Role Hany dmes Herhanh bankoa tomms


as
Unde con ls e Hany Lomponies tor dho Ssu a nete
Shan es
(Raduro Invesors Rick Merchant banke paforms as
un de
or e s an Lomp aines or he Icsue a now hae

entowye to Ingeae the mvestmen Menchant ban Kos


Play the nle d aduisen s in Corporale iceue and invemen
Semiceto he Clion
5 Role Capital Supply to he
enbrepre heus No
ma vu Udrnmenr cal bunk Set p the Hexthan
banhr Sechon

In ermadiany Role eachant banking an


mporank rdle as a lin k
beroeon vestoY a nol
CDmpapi 3

Roles Mot Chant Banking ndhe


Uia poin Capila) arke
aa eNo+
O lscue Houce-lonchon Mochant bonk proulda
Pmimany make Openahon s tmough Ccephng9

Cyol dischonging aue house unchon tKe dhe


investmen t ban lo Ca3a new haxe
sgue Horthant bank Ponyorns dfoon
unchon liKe aLceptant e 8 Shane applahon
fovm disib uh bn CollocH on o mon ey
Sencung Share cenbicak, eturn exOss
opplicnon mony Pay mont o ounde nd onol infueit

Capilal Ha ke Opeahon Mechank bank lays a

he Cenhe apila) Haske Dpeahon 1 helps o


mpove and develop a pila Man Ket Apresent
Monchon banWin9 ingHibuhon S
give a bunch tnancia
tinancia

Seice in opile)Haske- ang qwe SuPP}


und
Proessiona) Senyica he dechant ban Proiole
nighy pmtesgion -lise Senvlcos u a h pnfe«si ona
SJal! havin expe Hee Skili and oovlol-olde
Slal
Con rachs fo 2xamp los this bank Yenders
Prose iona Sevices to he issues o She
olen ben ues bondg e+C

(9AdvisortunchbnLMenchont bank pmwde


delenent ype aduisor unchbn s for
Ma Porfofio
nagemen t the client Monhant Bank
qives hnanual aduise uextmen
Poa o
4A Creci+ yahing s q meas omene a poon or
business
entiyle abi li o orepay a #nanao)
Obligahon based income and
On
Pos Oepoujmont
histono sUsually expross Od as a COd
Scone
ban K's
Ionclens use a Crod
and
rahing
tha factors to denle
mine LOh eho to leo rmonoy.
Individuals Ute coive Cred
crod Yahnq rom One o he
three ma ov CYool it
m re
39 Ueporh ng
agen Cies in the
an g equifox
O.s Tran Un ion Expen 1an

Vas iou s aspects One da Ken into


Credit+ rahna
accou
b
agencu cOhen a bomooing
ompany
PPlies or
ranq ollooi ng cLHe tanchion
Ya Hnq cendes Crook

(a) Businecs Ana lysis


A Cradi 1ainq Compan a naly 2e he
busineds
Conclihon he bod wing
Compan not
menely by
Hhe P2 the
boouoind toncoh has made u
th e uce
Capiteu in o moQ Produch ve pu Pore
The ote lern On
Capied and the los L
apial
analyaea
6) Saeme nt
hexe may ba OVon lakment
or Undo
Pretcleporcing Pon dhe
puwpose or
Craement
whi ch
the Clakmant 's
Prep ouod
Poqe No'9
)valusbim indushial tss
vexy ndueh col have s oick ohich oe due
Ho Kalmo) o manke lorciltont Such as
Competiton
Corpethn
C due o dhe dabshtudeg have Oa ved tn dhe

ma kel The eden


o and meadur e3 fo
CUexteme dhe m b e Jalrn indo OCcount wula

jadgn Jhe Cvoch tadinq he


ompany
LoLowo iqtcn.ublen Sowce
Credl evalualon s a proceeg which hignly p onci ve
nd AmeHme Consumninoq Crod U1ouHn 0g en cios
Co toc anap ndepre -V and SummOvilye
Complo
tnformakcon Yoad lyh1gholomed by the
nvedorS
Basis for a 0uek and oolozn ode
Succescul invesfov sOne no hade i a kiakar
t e Jty n Ho wani his invech mend to fech manmum
pos sible yorarn a a given lo wel o otick Crodit

ahng Cnables thc nvesloYs to unden S Ja nd dhe u s k

a sseteded Cash the Seuu'y Ohich ho s Key too


buuy Thus the inshamemt voljed by aCraodt dahng
ACent0 enjous highe Cond once rom inves do Ts

)Loga Inswrance
Cs ed tahngProvides loga1nswan te to dhe
nVesmo nh ugleeg They Can dhemSelves
0g ain s ang
Chagt mi d
manaqement uncls
by Canef caulo
invetmen.
Selelecng highly otaed
Seux
oqeNo l 10
Honidonpg tha Hanog omen ochona
Hiing o. Coreou' yohng nouaales hal
he Ymanagemen a propreol poto i vanou
o an
in de pondon evu d'n So, Caodi
orah ng (onols Cyeolonce
m anaqement.
to dhe
e eiend dhe

3hone Haake SCB has boen omod b he


Cenhal Cvemment ,hsend. Shane manke C
fuly
@qulalod anol alto Conholled by scd orulea an)
egulathon g o seBl APle Hänc hod Mohta Scom
he conha) qOvennmonl cHepoalod Capla I2cue
(Con hol Iscue (Con hol) Ach, 19u7 tn
may, 1992
and SEBI became efieck ve On 12h une in tha
june in dha
Y Now
Imporhance of gtB1 t6 im
m mense The
mense h e
Imporan ot oles o dhe scB| o e dr'scugg co) hon e:

a)Role lov Shaxe Honkek


See Ceep has fatty auuthony o wokndo
ardibuJion Shanemn Ke
SEB| Keeps
vigi On tonchion Shane
manke
fneco SSOA Can enquwie nto dhe unchons
Shane man Ke
Secrety Se8 Can Summon
hgh oicaals Can Slop ltegitima Je Prachce
men i n Some Casec OY may Suopend dho
ransaChons or Seen doys.
age No
bRole lsu ShaxossGBI has fiuy
Quthony do loohe indo dhe ano9 Share dshbuhbrn
fn Sra monke Pauhoulaly or dha iésuee of no
Sharosdha Companio m u d aKer p yemíesí on fwm the

ScB any Compqny issue noo Shane s Oidhou-

Premissi on StBl , collbo roale d aa llaga

In ase iscue and bon


of olht Chasro us Shanek
foo he ompanje s have do aue pmbY pemiesion nm
he seBl

Role dor Shae Brokon,


Traneahons Shaxes Cano
be done in he Shoute mauke amonqa otha eNep
Shoue manke nemben s Shane boko s ane the momb
he Share mcuek Cxcecsive expectahbn dor Proj1
he Chane brokens mad aha
e funchon Shane man ko.
Complialeol
l) Role Investovs kchon lavestors Une
Chaaled3 in shana Mouket in clitenent oay a Someims
bu Shaues bovkenss OY Some hmac b the
Companie
Abouh 1,o06 qrtavances Invessore LgunS a
do2ens Companes
aeyinq coih Combay Sh
éxChange Nou SeB is
Conhblling Shane matke F dhrDuy,
Cmc C1elos and A oqula hbm9.

e Rol oves he AcHvihes CraoiE Rahng Agencos


Aahn genonally deleominoc quali lahve Sancdand
Sandand o
Secule whhe Symbol in he lonkxb o a
Thee poe
a Dl e o Cradi inq agenciec 's Vey, impord
presenk feqishahon oahg 0g.n.n.cios mpuco
Page No 12
Cee Cxoait rah hg ogontios ho o abde,
bahe toda Dnduch he SCB

Role dhe HoxChant onhirs h tha pesen


Socdo econom C Con aMhon U1eon Sibiliy an
dluy o Honchan ban in1 One iT mense Kogishohn
wi. SeBI isOtaguradfo funchioni nq os ochon-
banin 9 and Obedionce o uloz and 0 9 u l o h bn g

ohe scB

rooup B

Ansuweto u03 Hon


The imporant Crodit Conhol Hahods adop fool
Dy Reserve bank OMe

method Conols tha toled amount rod


Thec
Unden his method Resenve
Commor cial bonks
onols the am oun+ Crodt in fou
Bank
oay These ane

Changes in bank Rale Cenral bank Inreose

Whan in flah on 3 incroas ed n the


bankt ydde
e ndonues ane
Couny Agaun When downoad der
Ob s ve COnbal bank altemps do bnng dhe eonomn
to
Ouy Coonry Sable Concutionsb cod ucirg
bank Yae and Ogain Increos eg bank rae uhen/
m Plation is Obsexved
Paae9o 13
E)changas in lash Resonve Rako Schadslad
ban has fo dleposi as minimum dch uesee

ils Ouon demand depos1 anol derm depoi'

Re soxve Ban Indla ReSexvt Bon


Chang es ethic rad flenent ime s in

Honele9Hy Policy by bechton 21) Resexve


Bank lnouo Act a n d Sochon 1

Bankinq Requlaion Act


CChar9es in Statutory Reseve kattoAccord
to Bankinq Requladion Acd each bank has to

minimum Cosh oY Othe


epos 20 od

Ovenman becuhos hen uneseve naho Main

Objeck h ' s PrDCOS s o Chock ex pansi'on e


ban loun D On he Othoa Siole thein Pon
e
9anhn9 Loan
oo o|) be duced he bonk
Utseave Cash a sses in 9rea day amaun

(d) Open Markek QponohonsOpan Haske- OpenoHon


n hmdua uagesk punchauue ard Sale
Sale govern mon

Se cwnhos in the Open maxke by Resewe Bank


This mehod Hogand aa o he man
is as On
means
Lonol ling Cyad' t By chon qin q bank Ula es ov
hen Ohe method s Yo to Cono1 Inflaho
Lompleelg qovemmen hen Lonrol
Resenve bank in dhe
CreaiHog'h
Open manke Dpenahbn
Pblkies
Page o Y
a) 6alechve OY 8ualllave Crodht Conol polia

This meh odis panWaslaonefPechva in stopping


Sepeulahve buginess , qyonk loannSpeu'o
Pmonty
anol dose e So h a arhifical sihuakion
fe na Cealec
R nd in he Sopply otaus maerials
o od Co ps and in Co mp aison od
Con9u m 9pods
h o
deman d
Direc Coodi Con roMehod
Pesene, Bank alse males nangement o r divec
C ed onol excep Solechve r e d (onblThe
Objec behind his Syaem w03 do Stop exCe ceive
oan 9rank banks Koserve ban k d
divec Crd Con n deoo cooy
Drec Roqulako intenes Rale
) Are ct Cred Alloah'on Cnd Crodi Radionin

4 ) Hoval Suasion Mathod'


T6 Cemba- dtteent tinan clad crisieResenve Bank
o naced policies CommeniCal banks and othes banh
Unden them CMe inShucked anditis expehed
dhem &ha hey ot I) ote LOhole-eanlea
in e
CoopeiaWon
initeg deposiBor? ard discipned expanstbn
bankin9 Sy slem.Thi is moa Suasion me&hod.
me hod
Cpecially helprul in cacd Con-1
and
expan sion o econohC sabiliy o he
Lond CoUrry

S) DHer edt Con ml


Hehols'
Hehols'
Paqe Jo 1S
Reman abla Omonna Olhe CYoolit Cpnof Conro
Heihods oUte
a) Cred Plann'mq'Fesexve Ponk inmodutod Crool
Planninng in paty oih dovelopmend proto.d UMe
LeCem-ouny 's Compmic plannin9 Progoamne
And
Produchon Aarqe.20 bonks ddon e nakonalíse)
tn 1961 and 986 So dha ommnenal bank Cou lo
ran boun in Pnony aoas

6) xad on Ihvento ond Cred Norms Kesenve


Bank Publishes Some mporbant ulo3 Cand in srucons
-to o1oduCe the auhoi
qragnhnq exCess ive
loan by Commerual benks Beside amounF o
Corod- is alss Conollad QS a1osu
lf he
maxmu m Croslt+ is possible o
amouMr
e
Conol
c) Crad E

Auhon'sahon Sc heme Ths Schame


began n 195 6 . lommei Cal banks, CDopenai ve

bank and ohe privalebanke ane Unden Hhe


Sc hem randin7 Shor-derm and lenq- lerm loan
A ccordng to th polic Loan Coun no be
Yandcd uolthou l Pemisston Resewe Bank A dhle

end 1988 Reseve Bank closad dhe SChem ee


in ib place Cred4 menedany auian9emenk UMS
in oduced tf he oan amoun h bomooer
Rs 5 CoDre Or move and h e amoun
tcYm deposi Rs 2 Core OY more
is
premissIOn mugt be Obabned dn_Reseeean
Paaevo %16
Ansue o uogkonl0 a
Da) Iporlont e boh pmmony mdn o and Seordoly
non
Ke s imm
mene o oY development in indu s ond
Com mente in he
o
Couny Yek much olifenence
bsevd behooen he

Subjec Pmimany Manke SeLondanyManel


(Deinii on The Han Ket inone ronsoct becond an HaukeL
ons noto Shanos and s a Hanell
whore
Seches an held exi sting Secwhos
troded ol diflenenH
pmpany insHuhong
issue deals
(2) a t e o Neo masKe S hane manKe
In ne ssuo So , ah e ne Ven dals in
Seihes
Secunhes Ohich oese Ssue , Te
vot Sold booe and o Se cuwihes ase 'have
b e s s u e to dhe
dsuod One
auus
nvestors aote Sod n
ranstooed hah
this mankc
his mau Ke

3)tormahon Now ss(go mouWe- Srane Mankc 4


Coxoae Now tond Suppke sfe tornc e
ond
n vesment 4tt
Coes no Ploy
On ireck l e in
mokna Turda
Ne u iSsues maake
) Noed
is
To manaun apita
neces garytoY veahon
ouch
ond develeptrert- e
Creaed
one
alvoady
Shan e Mne
Capila e Ssenhal
Subjece PrimanyHaukeh Setondauy Jouhe

(Conhml New issue maukel


ts no unde
ony
Shane

ochviho
mane
rgangege
Con a oY adminish manoged

-ahive Con ol tor dhe c.lauses


fufilmen he Clouses o definile
business Uru le3 amd qulohon
Ansoe to ROahlon 10 6)
Hothods R ating unde rom he
rom pri many

NodrKet oY Nouy gsue mauket

Tran sach on s Shaye S Ond Secwiihes e


Nou
hol d ndhe Honket . That s uhy
pmmy
maske Re also Ca lod noud ssue man Ke To D llec
tond om poimaa man Kc fesun 9 Componie
hove to da ke Ony he eois methad s
P
) Pu blic ()righ+ Shane issue
ssue- diretA
deals S) issu e
3) prisa l PlaCement u) bOLhtou
Shanes dhouah foreia h CwUencY ov urod

ssue
Pyblic lssue-DirecHHy
denote g a Mechan is m dhmuqh ww'ch
Pus'e ssue
the Companies Can o1ase unds Aron ghC markele
bySeling is Secu hes diretly Hohe en ea
public .Snder his Hethod hesguin g Lomponie
them selve
cxedd numbe
han@
O
Slakd Prce diredty to Hheqeneopublhs
PageNo' l&
R'aht Sha e lssue

he omahi on the omponH 0s pe

Con issu e ddduhond Shar


Ueq on mens
ompan
Copi Eishng Shaeho ldhuc
ov the increas c

notoYcoo Ho buy man+ Chards 1 there is


no obshuch on o he pmposa cepèor
Can rans e Shanes in ovou omy
gh
On ev Pnson

Pwak Placemon
When any ompan Sele Seu&es o any inveg toY
t is ted pnd e Placemenk Sasue Cenenaly
vehtuhonas inveshow S
purchase his kind S hanes
hanes
Remankable among ins uhonal inves oY Oe

inaua nce ompany ban poví den und


muua fond amd oufexent CDmpanres ln dhi's
PrDcess Lees hme quned Shanes
enoially all tunchons CLie Lomp leled wihin
S day's Oon Ssue ex ponses ae also les
Boutah Ou Doadg
por hon nesegue
hon
Cosge Shane b
m Un ie ed Com pon s bought at a dme (n
ange
Yumb any Invesor OY STma inveshov in a

rop Gled baugh out dea\AwalUy


oughk utdea Ps a muda Ooroeeen
behween e Heschan ban Kes oY Sponso o dhe
CompanY hoeh On inwesJo Ymon Puchaue

huge han e m e i n ahis procec oU hos


Shaaes mus be is sued o he. puble ithin
a Rxed pexro ol

ssu e. Shar es o h toreian uooren u ox


Cuo92uo

Mau 992 he ovenmen Inolu'a allo wod


noua Compornt'os to lollec tond om
inJenmaiona Copilalmauke

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