S.

N Name Foundation Founding Party Ideologies States/UT

o. Year members Symbol
and claim
to power
1 All India 1 January Mamata The Committed to secularism West
Trinamool 1998 Banerjee party’s and federalism Bengal,
Congress symbol is Arunachal
(AITC) In the flowers Pradesh,
General and Manipur and
Elections grass. Tripura.
held in
2019, it got
4.07 per
cent votes
and won 22
seats,
making it
the fourth
largest
party in the
Lok Sabha.
2 Bahujan 1984 Kanshi 1. Seeks to represent and Uttar
Samaj Ram secure power for the Pradesh,
Party Came to bahujan samaj which Madhya
(BSP) power in includes the dalits, Pradesh,
1998 as the adivasis, OBCs and Chhattisgar,
leader of Elephant religious minorities. Uttarakhand,
the National 2. Draws inspiration from Delhi and
Democratic the ideas and Punjab.
Alliance teachings of Sahu
(NDA) Maharaj, Mahatma
including Phule, Periyar
several Ramaswami Naicker
regional and Babasaheb
parties. Ambedkar.
Emerged as 3. Stands for the cause of
the largest securing the interests
party with and welfare of the
303 dalits and oppressed
members in people.
the 2019
Lok Sabha
elections.
Currently
leads the
ruling NDA
government
at the
Centre.
3 Bharatiya 1980 by 1. Wants to build a strong All across
Janata reviving the and modern India by India
Party (BJP) erstwhile drawing inspiration
Bharatiya from India’s ancient Earlier
Jana Sangh culture and values; limited to
formed by Lotus 2. Draws inspiration from north and
Syama flower Deendayal west and to
Prasad Upadhyaya’s ideas of urban areas,
Mukherjee integral humanism and the party
in 1951 Antyodaya. expanded its
3. Cultural nationalism (or support in
Came to ‘Hindutva’) is an the south,
power in important element in its east, the
1998 as the conception of Indian north-east
leader of nationhood and and to rural
the National politics. areas.
Democratic 4. Wants full territorial
Alliance and political integration
(NDA) of Jammu and Kashmir
including with India,
several 5. a uniform civil code for
regional all people living in the
parties. country irrespective of
Emerged as religion,
the largest 6. ban on religious
party with conversions
303
members in
the 2019
Lok Sabha
elections.
Currently
leads the
ruling NDA
government
at the
Centre.
4 Communist 1925 1. Believes in Marxism- Kerala, West
Party of Leninism, secularism Bengal,
India (CPI) Its support and democracy. Punjab,
base had 2. Opposed to the forces Andhra
gradually of secessionism and Pradesh and
declined communalism. Tamil Nadu.
over the 3. Accepts parliamentary
years. It democracy as a
secured means of promoting
less than 1 the interests of the
per cent working class, farmers
votes and 2 and the poor.
seat s in the
2019 Lok
Sabha
 elections.
Advocates
the coming
together of
all left
parties to
build a
strong left
front.
5 Communist 1964 1. Believes in Marxism Enjoys
Party of After Leninism. strong
India - splitting with 2. Supports socialism, support in
Marxist the secularism and West
(CPI-M): Communist democracy and Bengal,
Party of opposes imperialism Kerala and
India (CPI) and communalism. Tripura,
3. Accepts democratic especially
Was in elections as a useful among the
power in and helpful means for poor, factory
West securing the objective workers,
Bengal of socio-economic farmers,
without a justice in India. agricultural
break for 34 4. Critical of the new labourers
years. In economic policies that and the
the 2019 allow free flow of intelligentsia
Lok Sabha foreign capital and
elections, it goods into the
won about country.
1.75 per
cent of
votes and 3
seats.
6 Indian 1885 1. Under the leadership All across
National of Jawaharlal Nehru, India
Congress Leader of the party sought to
(INC) the United build a modern
Progressive secular democratic
One of the Alliance republic in India. .
oldest (UPA) 2. A centrist party
parties of government (neither rightist nor
the world from 2004 leftist) in its
to 2019. In ideological orientation,
the 2019 the party espouses
Lok Sabha secularism and
election it welfare of weaker
won 52 sections and
seats. minorities.
3. The INC supports new
economic reforms but
with a human face.
7 Nationalist Formed in 1. Espouses democracy, A major
Congress 1999 Gandhian secularism, party in
Party following a equity, social justice Maharashtra
(NCP) split in the and federalism. and has a
Congress 2. Wants that high significant
party. offices in government presence in
be confined to natural Meghalaya,
A coalition born citizens of the Manipur and
partner in country. Assam
the state of
Maharashtr
a in alliance
with the
Congress.
Since 2004,
a member
of the
United
Progressive
Alliance.