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We are happy to announce the Release of

PS Adhesives and Coatings Hand Book


On 09 th August 2013

Preface
This is a Book on Adhesives and Sealants , in PDF Format.
This book is very informative and useful for Manufacturers , Students .Users , Dealers / distributors.This Book
is available in ,Printed Book format , CD , USB , or , by email , in PDF Format
Price
Printed Book
Hard Copy : 8,000 INR / 135 USD
OR
CD / USB : 4,500 INR / 75 USD
Payment Can be Made by , Money Transfer , or by using your Debit / Credit Card ( through Paypal ) to our
Bank Account as follows
STATE BANK OF INDIA , Paud Road Branch , Pune 411038. Maharashtra , India
In Favor of “ Shrikant Athavale “
Account No: 30569786605
Bank IFSC : SBIN0009061 / Bank MICR : 411002039
Account Holder: Shrikant Prabhakar Athavale
Type of Account : SB
Some Information about the Book

PS Adhesives
and Coatings
FIRST EDITION

Released & Edited

Price : Printed Book : 8,000 INR ( 135 USD )


: CD / USB Format : 4,500 INR ( 75 USD )
This Book is

dedicated to

fond memories

of my father

24/10/1926 to 31/07/1978
Contents
Chapter 1: Adhesion and Theory
1.1.Adhesion and Adhesion Theory P 006 - 018
1. 2. Polymers used for the
Manufacture of Adhesives P 019 - 025
1.3. Adhesive Types P 026 - 040

Chapter 2:
2.1. types of Polymers and Elastomers P 041 - 048

Chapter 3:
3.1. Additives for PSA P 049 - 056
3.2.Combination of Various Resins P 057 - 066
3.3. Anti Oxidants for Adhesive P 067 - 083
3.4.Poly isobutene as Tackifier P 083 - 094
3.5.Fire Retardant Additives P 095 - 105

Chapter 4:
4.1. Heat Seal adhesives P 105 - 113
4.2. Cold Seal Adhesives P 114 - 119
4.3. Optimising Water Based PSA P 120 - 127
4.4. Removable PSA P 128 - 133
4.5. Remoisten able Adhesive P 134 - 134
4.6. Repulpable Adhesives P 135 - 136
4.7. Silicone PSA P 137 - 138
4.8. Silicone PSA P 139 - 143
4.9. EVA HM Adhesives P 143 - 151
4.10. Reactive Hot melt Adhesives P 151 - 159
Chapter 5:
5.1. Heat stability of Hot Melt Adhesives P 159 - 165
5.2. Formulating EVA HM Adhesives P 165 - 173
5.3. Adhesive and Odour P 173 - 180
5.4. Abhesion P 180 - 190
Chapter 6:
6.1. PSA tape Manufacturing P 191 - 217
6.2. Machine Designs for
Adhesive Coating P 218 - 225
6.3. Coating Methods P 226 - 255
6.4. Drying Principles P 255 - 267
6.5. Static Control P 268 - 290
6. Slitting Methods P 291 - 312
Chapter 7:
7.1. Challenges in Mixing of
High Viscosity Adhesives P 312 – 326
7.2. Designing of Adhesive Coating P 326 - 328
7.3. Foam Control In PSA's P 329 - 335
7.4. Use of Fabrics in Self Adhesive tapes P 336 - 341
7.5. PSA Release Liners P 342 - 349
Chapter 8:
8.1. Specialty Coatings P 350 – 350
8.2. Breathable and
Water Repellent Coating P 351 - 357
8.3. Water repellent
Coatings and applications P 358 - 381
8.4. PSA Release Liner and Coatings P 381 - 390
8.5. Handling of Adhesives P 391 – 409
Chapter 9:
9.1. PSA Tape applications P 410 - 481
Chapter 10:
10.1. Lamination Adhesives and
new Developments P 482 - 521
10.2. Foam converting Technique's P 522 - 532
10.3. When you dont want Adhesion P 533 - 540
Chapter 11:
11.1. Packaging Tapes manufacturing P 541 - 550
11.2. Removable PSA's P 551 - 556
11.3. Tamper evident Packaging tapes P 557 - 561
11.4. Surgical tapes P 562 - 578
11.5. Security Tapes and Labels P 579 - 584
11.6. Transdermal Patches P 585- 596
Chapter 12:
12.1. Butyl sealants and Tapes P 597 - 602
12.2. Flame Retardant Adhesive tape P 603 - 613
12.3. RB Adhesive Manufacturing P 614 - 615
12.4. Water Borne technology P 616 –640
Chapter 13:
13.1. What's New P
13.2. Nano technology in PSA's P 641 - 649
13.3. Radiation Vulcanised
Nat rubber Latex P 650 - 651
13.4. Thermal Insulation Material P 652 - 663
13.5. Bio Based Adhesives P 664 - 668
13.6. Co extruded Release Liners P 668 - 674
Chapter 14:
14.1. In plant QC P 675 - 677
14.2. Laboratory test methods P 677 - 702
14.3. Si release Liner , lab testing P 703 - 714
Chapter 15:
15.1. Conversion formulae P 715-
15.2. Weights and Measures P 716 -
15.3. Double Conversion Table P 717 –
For more Information
Please feel free to contact us
Email : psatechno@gmail.com , ceo@psadhesive.com
Our website : www.psadhesive.com
Cell : 00 91 9850242282 / 00 91 7588288204

CHAPTER ONE
1.1. Adhesion and Adhesion Theory
Presented by Shrikant Athavale
For PG Students , SIES Nerul
On 09-10-2010
Adhesion
is a attraction process between dissimilar surfaces that stick to one another
and cohesion takes place between similar molecules.
(cohesion refers to the tendency of similar or identical particles/surfaces to stick to one another).
The forces that cause adhesion and cohesion can be divided into several different types.
Mechanisms of adhesion

The most important theories of adhesion are


1. Physical absorption,
2. Chemical bonding,
3. Diffusion,
4. Electrostatic,
5. Mechanical interlocking and
As all adhesive bonds involve molecules in intimate contact, physical adsorption must always contribute.
Physical Absorption Theory
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1. 2. Polymers used for the Manufacture of Adhesives
Adhesive Raw Material Types
Natural
Starch and dextrin
These materials are derived from cereals or roots such as corn, wheat, tapioca, sago, etc. The
basic constituent is polysaccharide which on hydrolysis yields long chain glucose units.
Variations can occur with the use of different food materials and with changes in hydrolysis
methods.
The main use for these adhesives is the paper industry where they are used in multiwall bags,
corrugated paper etc. Dextrin which is dry roasted starch is used in remoistenable adhesives.
Gelatine (animal, fish, vegetable glues)
There is a wide range of products included in this overall category. Generally they are all
proteins which are derived from the hydrolysis of either collagen or soya flour, or by
separating casein from skim milk.
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1.3. Adhesive Types
Adhesives are typically organized by the method of adhesion. These are then organized into reactive and non-
reactive adhesives, which refers to if the adhesive chemically reacts to harden. Alternatively they can be
organized by whether the raw stock is of natural, or synthetic origin, or by their starting physical phase.
The Adhesives can be broadly divided into two classes
Non-reactive adhesives
And
Reactive Adhesives
Natural adhesives
are made from organic sources such as vegetable matter, starch (dextrin), natural resins or
from animals e.g. casein or animal glue.
They are often referred to as bio adhesives.
One example is a simple paste made by cooking flour in water.
Animal glues are traditionally used in bookbinding, wood joining, and many other areas but now are largely
replaced by synthetic glues.
Casein are mainly used in glass bottle labeling.
Starch based adhesives are used in corrugated board production and paper sack production, paper tube winding,
wall paper adhesives.
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Adhesion :
Cohesive strength or
Shear resistance.
The internal or cohesive strength of an adhesive film is known as shear. This is not a measure of the bond
between the adhesive and a substrate, but rather a measure of the internal strength of the adhesive itself. Shear
properties are typically quantified using the static shear test method
The adhesive plays a very crucial role in terms of performance of the product. The real technology lies in
striking a balance of the three main properties of adhesive , like the Peel strength , the tack and the shear
strength.

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CHAPTER TWO
2.1.Types of Polymers or Elastomers
Elastomer is a Polymer with viscosity Elasticity. Typically they have low Young's modulus .
More commonly they are called as Rubber. Here each monomer , that is made of carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
and / or Silicone , is linked to form a Polymer.
At ambient temperature, these rubbers are generally soft and deformable , but above their glass transition
temperature , they turn amorphous , and considerable segmental movement is hence possible.
The elastomers are mainly used for seals and adhesive manufacturing.

In the figure pasted above, A - represents for a elastomer ( Polymer )

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