Jawapan Mo MMMMMM

BAB
4. (a)
Fungsi dan Persamaan Kuadratik dalam
1 Satu Pemboleh Ubah
Quadratic Functions and Equations in One Variable
(b) f(x) = (−x + 3)2 + 3
= x2 − 6x + 9 + 3
1. (a) Bukan ungkapan kuadratik dalam satu
= x2 − 6x + 12
pemboleh ubah kerana kuasa tertinggi
pemboleh ubah ialah 3.
Not a quadratic expression in one variable because the
highest power of the variable is 3.
5. (a) (i) a  0 (iii) (ℎ, k)
(b) Bukan ungkapan kuadratik dalam satu (ii) Titik minimum (iv) x = ℎ
pemboleh ubah kerana terdapat dua Minimum point
pemboleh ubah iaitu x dan y.
Not a quadratic expression in one variable because there (b) (i) a  0 (iii) (k, h)
are two variables x and y. (ii) Titik maksimum (iv) x = k
Maximum point
(c) Ungkapan kuadratik dalam satu pemboleh
ubah. 6. (a) f(x) = –4x2 − 5x + c
A quadratic expression in one variable. 2 = −4(3)2 − 5(3) + c
2 = −36 − 15 + c
5 c = 53
2. (a) a = −4, b = , c = 0
2
(b) f(x) = 2(−x + 5)2 + c
7

(b) 2x −3 − x + 1
2  0 = 2(2 + 5)2 + c
= −6x − 7x2 + 1 c = –98
= −7x2 − 6x + 1
7. (a) 0  p  4
a = −7, b = –6, c = 1
Oleh kerana lengkung graf g(x) lebih lebar,
3. (a) f(x) maka p  4. Bagi graf bentuk , p  0. Maka,
0  p  4.
Since the curve of the graph g(x) is wider, therefore p  4.
For a graph with shape , p  0. Thus, 0  p  4.

x
0
8. (a) (4x + 7)(4x + 7) = 61
16x + 28x + 28x + 49 = 61
2
Fungsi satu kepada satu 16x2 + 56x + 49 − 61 = 0

One-to-one function 16x2 + 56x − 12 = 0
4x2 + 14x − 3 = 0
(b) f(x)
1
(b) V = πr2ℎ
3
1
π × (x + 2) × 3 = 54π
2
3
π(x + 2)2 = 54π
x
0 (x + 2)2 = 54
x2 + 4x + 4 = 54
Fungsi banyak kepada satu x2 + 4x − 50 = 0
Many-to-one function
1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Matematik Tingkatan 4 Jawapan
(c) Katakan nombor pertama = x, 11. (a) f(x)

70
nombor kedua =
x 9
70
Let the first number = x, the second number =
x
70
x+
x
= 25
2
70
x + = 50
x
x2 + 70 = 50x
x2 − 50x + 70 = 0
0 3
x
9. (a) Apabila / When x = 8

Nilai a = 1  0, graf berbentuk
Kiri / Left
= (8)2 + 7(8) – 120 The value of a = 1  0, the shape of graph is
= 0 = Kanan / Right Nilai c = 9, pintasan-y = 9
Maka, x = 8 ialah punca bagi x2 + 7x − 120 = 0. The value of c = 9, y-intercept = 9
Thus, x = 8 is a root for x2 + 7x − 120 = 0.
Apabila / When f(x) = 0
(b) Apabila / When x = –5 x² – 6x + 9 = 0
Kiri / Left (x – 3)(x − 3) = 0
= 4(–5)2 + 5(–5) – 75 x = 3
= 0 = Kanan / Right
Maka, x = –5 ialah punca bagi 4x2 + 5x − 75 = 0. (b) f(x)
Thus, x = –5 is a root for 4x + 5x − 75 = 0.

2
x
0
5
(c) Apabila / When x = − -16
2
Kiri / Left
 52  + 7− 52 
2
=2 −
= –5 ≠ Kanan / Right
5
Maka, x = − bukan punca bagi
2
2x2 + 7x = −12.

5
Thus, x = − is not a root for 2x2 + 7x = −12. Nilai a = –1  0, graf berbentuk
2
The value of a = –1  0, the shape of graph is
10. (a) −6x + 11x + 35 = 0
2
Nilai c = –16, pintasan-y = –16
6x2 − 11x − 35 = 0 The value of c = –16, y-intercept = –16
(3x + 5)(2x − 7) = 0
3x + 5 = 0 atau / or 2x − 7 = 0 Apabila / When f(x) = 0
5 7 –x2 – 16 = 0
x = − x =
3 2 –x2 = 16
x2 = –16 (Tiada punca / no roots)
(b) 5x2 + 42x + 16 = 0
(5x + 2)(x + 8) = 0
Tip Penting
5x + 2 = 0 atau / or x + 8 = 0
2 Jika b = 0 maka, paksi simetri
x = − x = −8 bagi graf ialah paksi-y.
5
If b = 0 therefore, the axis of
7x – 32 3
(c) =
symmetry of the graph is the y-axis.
5 x
x(7x − 32) = 3(5)
7x2 − 32x = 15
7x2 − 32x − 15 = 0
(7x + 3)(x − 5) = 0
7x + 3 = 0 atau / or x − 5 = 0
3
x = − x = 5
7
© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2
12. (a) (p + 2)2 + (3p + 3)2 = (5p − 2)2 (b) Luas permukaan silinder
p + 4p + 4 + 9p2 + 18p + 9 = 25p2 − 20p + 4
2 Total surface area of the cylinder
10p2 + 22p + 13 = 25p2 − 20p + 4 L = 2πrh + 2πr²
22 22

15p2 − 42p − 9 = 0
5p2 − 14p − 3 = 0
= 2 ×  7
× 6 × 21 + 2 ×
7 
× 62 
(5p + 1)(p − 3) = 0 = 792 + 226.286
5p + 1 = 0 = 1 018.286
1 Jumlah wang yang Cheng perlukan
p = −
5 total money needed by Cheng
atau / or
p − 3 = 0 = RM3 × 1 018.286
100
p = 3 = RM30.55
Jarak adalah sentiasa positif, maka p = 3.
Distance is always positive, therefore p = 3. Kuasai SPM 1
(b) (5x + 3)(x + 4) = 184
5x2 + 23x + 12 = 184 (a) (x + 5)(x + 5) = 3x + 43
5x2 + 23x − 172 = 0 x2 + 10x + 25 = 3x + 43
(x − 4)(5x + 43) = 0 x2 + 10x − 3x + 25 − 43 = 0
x − 4 = 0 x2 + 7x − 18 = 0
x = 4 (x − 2)(x + 9) = 0
atau / or x − 2 = 0
5x + 43 = 0 x = 2
43 atau / or
x = − (Abaikan / Ignore)
5
x + 9 = 0
Panjang / Length = 5(4) + 3 x = −9
= 23 m ∴ x = 2, −9
Lebar / Width = 4 + 4
=8m (b) 6x2 + 17x = 14
6x + 17x – 14 = 0
2
Perimeter padang tersebut ialah
(3x − 2)(2x + 7) = 0
2(23) + 2(8) = 62 m.
The perimeter of the field is 2(23) + 2(8) = 62 m.
3x − 2 = 0
2
x =
Jumlah kos untuk memagari padang ialah 3
RM70 × 62 = RM4 340. Maka, duit simpanannya atau / or
tidak mencukupi untuk memagari kawasan 2x + 7 = 0
padang tersebut. 7
x = −
The total cost to fence the field is RM70 × 62 = RM4 340. 2
Therefore, his saving is not enough to fence the field.
13. (a) V = πj2t

MODUL SPM
22 7x – 2 2
2 376 =
7 2 (21)  Kertas 1
2 376 (7x – 2)2
= 1. −7 + 3(6 − x)2
66 22
49x2 − 28x + 4 = −7 + 3(6 − x)(6 − x)
36 =
4 = −7 + 3(36−12x + x2)
144 = 49x2 − 28x + 4 = −7 + 108 − 36x + 3x2
49x2 − 28x − 140 = 0 = 3x2 − 36x + 101
7x2 − 4x − 20 = 0
Jawapan / Answer: C
(x − 2)(7x + 10) = 0
x − 2 = 0 2. 2(3 − x)2 = 7
x = 2 2(3 − x)(3 − x) = 7
atau / or 2(9 − 6x + x2) = 7
7x + 10 = 0 18 − 12x + 2x2 = 7
10 2x2 − 12x + 11 = 0
x = − (Abaikan/ Ignore)
7
Jawapan / Answer: C

3. a  0 3. 15(x)(x + 3) = 5 100
15x2 + 45x − 5 100 = 0
Nilai c = 6, pintasan-y = 6
The value of c = 6, y-intercept = 6 x2 + 3x − 340 = 0
(x − 17)(x + 20) = 0
Jawapan / Answer: A x − 17 = 0 , x + 20 = 0
4. y = (x + 2)(1 − x) x = 17 , x = −20
= x − x2 + 2 − 2x ∴ x = 17
= −x2 − x + 2 4. (x + 5)(x + 6) = 156
x2 + 5x + 6x + 30 = 156
a0
x2 + 11x − 126 = 0
Nilai c = 2, pintasan-y = 2 (x + 18)(x − 7) = 0
The value of c = 2, y-intercept = 2 x = −18 (abaikan / ignore)
Apabila / When y = 0 x = 7
(x + 2)(1 − x) = 0 Perimeter = 2(7 + 5) + 2(7 + 6) = 50 m
x = −2, 1
5. 9x(x − 14) = 1 080
Jawapan / Answer: A 9x2 − 126x − 1 080 = 0
5. Umur Siti sekarang / Siti’s current age x2 − 14x − 120 = 0
= x (x + 6)(x − 20) = 0
Umur Man / Man’s age x + 6 = 0
= x – 12 x = −6 (Abaikan / ignore)
Selepas 4 tahun / After 4 years x − 20 = 0
(x + 4)(x − 12 + 4) = 253 x = 20
(x + 4)(x − 8) = 253 Bilangan kalkulator saintifik yang dibeli:
x2 − 4x − 32 − 253 = 0 The number of scientific calculators bought:
x2 − 4x − 285 = 0 = x − 14
Jawapan / Answer: C = 20 − 14
=6
–4 + 23x
Kertas 2 6. (a) −x =
7x + 4
−x(7x + 4) = −4 + 23x
1. Apabila batu tiba di permukaan tanah, −7x2 − 4x = −4 + 23x
When the stone hit the ground,
7x2 + 27x − 4 = 0
s = 0
–3t + 14t + 5 = 0
2 (b) 7x² + 27x − 4 = 0
3t2 – 14t – 5 = 0 (7x − 1)(x + 4) = 0
(t – 5)(3t + 1) = 0 1
x = dan / and x = −4
t − 5 = 0 , 3t + 1 = 0 7
1 7. (a) f(x) = (−x + 7)(x − 7)
t = 5 , t = −
3 f(x) = −x2 + 7x + 7x − 49
Maka, batu itu tiba di permukaan tanah pada t = 5. f(x) = −x2 + 14x − 49
Therefore, the stone will hit the ground when t = 5.
Bentuk graf f(x) = −x2 + 14x − 49
7 x
2. – =
2x – 9 3x – 2 ialah kerana a  0.
−7(3x − 2) = x(2x − 9) The shape of the graph f(x) = −x2 + 14x − 49
−21x + 14 = 2x2 − 9x is , because a  0.
2x2 + 12x − 14 = 0
x2 + 6x − 7 = 0 (b) pintasan-y / y-intercept = 49
(x − 1)(x + 7) = 0 Persamaan paksi simetri
equation of the axis of symmetry
x − 1 = 0 , x + 7 = 0
b
x = 1 , x = −7 x=−
2a
∴ x = 1, −7 14
x=− 
2(–1) 
x=7

(c) Apabila / When x = 7 FOKUS KBAT

f(x) = −(7)² + 14(7) − 49
= 0 160 + 11p
3p + 6 =
Koordinat titik maksimum p+4
Coordinates of the maximum point (3p + 6)(p + 4) = 160 + 11p
= (7,0) 3p2 + 12p + 6p + 24 = 160 + 11p
(d) (−x + 7)(x − 7) = 0 3p2 + 7p − 136 = 0
x = 7 (3p − 17)(p + 8) = 0
17
p = , p = −8 (Abaikan / Ignore)
f(x) 3
0 7 17
x Apabila / When, p = ,
3
17 29
Masa / Time = +4= jam / hours
3 3
-49
Jumlah masa yang akan diambil oleh Bernice
Total time to be taken by Bernice
29
f(x) = -x + 14x – 49
2
= +2
3
= 11 jam 40 minit / 11 hours 40 minutes
Maka, hasrat Bernice untuk menghabiskan perjalanan
dalam masa 12 jam akan tercapai.
Thus, Bernice’s intention to accomplish his journey in 12 hours will be
achieve.

BAB (c) Nombor

Asas Nombor 3 0 1 2
2 Number Bases Number
Nilai tempat 43 42 41 40
1. Place value
1002 (d) Nombor 4 1 2 3 0
Number
Nombor Nilai tempat 54 53 52 51 50

Place value
102 asas 2 11012
Number in (e)
base 2 Nombor 2 5 5 0 0 4
Number
Nilai tempat 65 64 63 62 61 60
101112 Place value
(f ) Nombor
Number
1 6 3 5
12345 Nilai tempat 73 72 71 70
Place value
(g) Nombor
Nombor 1 7 4 1 6
Number
4035 asas 5 315
Number in Nilai tempat 84 83 82 81 80
base 5 Place value
(h) Nombor
24105 Number
5 8 0 7 0
Nilai tempat 94 93 92 91 90
Place value
7038 3. (a) 4 3 3 2
53 52 51 50
Nombor 3 × 52 = 75
178 asas 8 2468
Number in (b) 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
base 8
26 25 24 23 22 21 20
1 × 26 = 64
63158 (c) 1 7 5 8
93 92 91 90
2. (a) Nombor 7 × 92 = 567
Number
1 0 0 1 0
(d) 2 0 1 1 2
Nilai tempat 24 23 22 21 20
Place value 34 33 32 31 30
(b) 2 × 30 = 2
Nombor 2 0 1 2 1
Number (e) 5 6 2 4 0
Nilai tempat 34 33 32 31 30 74 73 72 71 70
Place value
6 × 73 = 2 058

(f ) 3 1 0 2 2 (d) Nombor
Number
3 5 0
44 43 42 41 40
Nilai tempat 62 61 60
3 × 44 = 768 Place value
(g) (3 × 62) + (5 × 61) + (0 × 60)

2 4 3 5 1 Nilai nombor = 108 + 30 + 0
64 63 62 61 60 Number value
= 13810
5 × 61 = 30 (e) Nombor 6 1 5
Number
4. (a) Nombor 2 2 1 Nilai tempat 72 71 70
Number Place value
Nilai tempat 32 31 30 (6 × 72) + (1 × 71) + (5 × 70)
Place value Nilai nombor = 294 + 7 + 5
Number value
(2 × 32) + (2 × 31) + (1 × 30) = 30610
Nilai nombor = 18 + 6 + 1
Number value (f )
= 2510 Nombor 1 0 7 6
Number
(b) Nombor 3 2 3 Nilai tempat 83 82 81 80
Number Place value
Nilai tempat 42 41 40 (1 × 83) + (0 × 82) + (7 × 81)
Place value
Nilai nombor + (6 × 80)
(3 × 42) + (2 × 41) + (3 × 40) Number value = 512 + 0 + 56 + 6
Nilai nombor = 48 + 8 + 3
Number value = 57410
= 5910
(g) Nombor
(c) 7 4 8
Nombor 1 2 3 4
Number
Number
Nilai tempat 92 91 90
Nilai tempat 53
52
5
1
5 0 Place value
Place value
(7 × 92) + (4 × 91) + (8 × 90)
(1 × 53) + (2 × 52) + (3 × 51) Nilai nombor = 567 + 36 + 8
Number value
Nilai nombor + (4 × 50) = 61110
Number value = 125 + 50 + 15 + 4
= 19410
5. (a) Nilai tempat

Place value
34 = 81 33 = 27 32 = 9 31 = 3 30 = 1
Pembahagian 75  81 2 2 1 0
Division
27 7 5 9 21 3 3 1 0
–54 –18 –3 –0
21 3 0 0
Asas 3 / Base 3 0 2 2 1 0
Maka / Thus, 7510 = 22103
(b) Nilai tempat
Place value
44 = 256 43 = 64 42 = 16 41 = 4 40 = 1
Pembahagian 250  256 3 3 2 2
Division
64 250 16 58 4 10 1 2
–192 –48 – 8 –2
58 10 2 0
Asas 4 / Base 4 0 3 3 2 2
Maka / Thus, 25010 = 33224

(c) Nilai tempat

Place value
73 = 343 72 = 49 71 = 7 70 = 1
Pembahagian 263  343 5 2 4
Division
49 2 6 3 7 18 1 4
–245 –14 –4
18 4 0
Asas 7/ Base 7 0 5 2 4
Maka / Thus, 26310 = 5247
(d) Nilai tempat 84 = 4 096 83 = 512 82 = 64 81 = 8 80 = 1
Place value
Pembahagian 700  4 096 1 2 7 4
Division
512 7 0 0 64 1 8 8 8 60 1 4
–512 –128 –56 –4
188 60 4 0
Asas 8 / Base 8 0 1 2 7 4
Maka / Thus, 70010 = 12748
(e) Nilai tempat 94 = 6 561 93 = 729 92 = 81 91 = 9 90 = 1
Place value
Pembahagian 1 018  6 561 1 3 5 1
Division
729 1018 81 289 9 46 1 1
– 729 –243 –45 –1
289 46 1 0
Asas 9 / Base 9 0 1 3 5 1
Maka / Thus, 101810 = 13519
6. (a) 3 6 1 Baki / Remainder 7. (a) 2314 = (2 × 42) + (3 × 41) + (1 × 40)

3 20 – 1 = 32 + 12 + 1
3 6 – 2 = 4510
3 2 – 0 6 4 5 Baki / Remainder
0 – 2 6 7 – 3
6110 = 20213 6 1 – 1
0 – 1
(b) 4 6 1 Baki / Remainder
4 15 – 1 Maka / Thus, 2314 = 1136
4 3 – 3 (b) 3245 = (3 × 52) + (2 × 51) + (4 × 50)
0 – 3 = 75 + 10 + 4
6110 = 3314 = 8910
(c) 6 6 1 Baki / Remainder 9 8 9 Baki / Remainder

9 9 – 8
6 10 – 1
9 1 – 0
6 1 – 4
0 – 1
0 – 3
6110 = 1416 Maka / Thus, 3245 = 1089
(d) 8 6 1 Baki / Remainder

8 7 – 5
0 – 7
6110 = 758

(c) 1110112 = (1 × 25) + (1 × 24) + (1 × 23) 9. (a) 001 011

+ (0 × 22) + (1 × 21) + (1 × 20) 1 3
= 32 + 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 1
= 5910 10112 = 138
7 5 9 Baki / Remainder (b) 001 110

7 8 – 3 1 6
7 1 – 1 11102 = 168
0 – 1
(c) 010 010

Maka / Thus, 1110112 = 1137 2 2
100102 = 228
8. (a) Nombor 0 1 0 1 1 0 (d) 100 011
Number
4 3
Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20
Place value 1000112 = 438
Nilai digit 0 2 0 4 2 0 (e) 001 101 111
Digit value
Asas 8 0+2+0 4+2+0 1 5 7
Base 8 =2 =6 11011112 = 1578
101102 = 268 (f ) 010 110 000

(b) 2 6 0
Nombor 1 0 1 1 1 0
Number 101100002 = 2608
Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20
Place value 10. (a) Asas 8 6 1
Nilai digit 4 0 1 4 2 0 Base 8
Digit value 4+2+0 0+0+1
Asas 8 4+0+1 4+2+0 Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20
Base 8 Place value
=5 =6
Nilai digit 1 1 0 0 0 1
1011102 = 568 Digit value
(c) Asas 2 1100012

Nombor 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Base 2
Number
(b) Asas 8 4 3 2
Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20 22 21 20
Place value Base 8
4+0+0 0+2+1 0+1+0
Nilai digit 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 2 1 Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20 22 21 20
Digit value Place value
Asas 8 0+2+0 0+2+1 0+2+1 Nilai digit
Base 8 =2 =3 =3 Digit value
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
100110112 = 2338 Asas 2 1000110102

Base 2
(d) Nombor 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 (c) Asas 8 7 0 7
Number
Base 8
Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20 22 21 20 4+2+1 0+0+0 4+2+1
Place value Nilai tempat 22 21 20 22 21 20 22 21 20
Nilai digit Place value
0 2 1 4 2 1 0 2 1
Digit value Nilai digit 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
Asas 8 0+2+1 4+2+1 0+2+1 Digit value
Base 8 =3 =7 =3 Asas 2 1110001112
Base 2
111110112 = 3738

11. (a) 2 7 (b) 12056 + 2446 = 14536

010 111
12056 → 2 9 310 6 3 93
278 = 101112 6 65 – 3
2446 → + 1 0 010
(b) 4 6 3 9 310 6 10 – 5
6 1 – 4
100 110
0 – 1
468 = 1001102
(c) 27369 + 5489 = 33859
(c) 3 1 4
27369 → 2 0 5 810 9 2 5 0 7
011 001 100
5489 → + 4 4 910 9 2 7 8 – 5
3148 = 110011002 9 30 – 8
2 5 0 710
(d) 5 6 3 9 3 – 3
0 – 3
101 110 011
5638 = 1011100112 14. (a) 65617 − 26067 = 36527
(e) 7 2 1
5 12 5 8
111 010 001 6 5 6 17

– 2 6 0 67
7218 = 1110100012
3 6 5 27
(f ) 3 4 0 6

011 100 000 110 (b) 1101102 − 111012 = 110012
2
34068 = 111000001102 0 2 0 2
1 1 0 1 1 02
12. (a) 61347 + 21637 = 113307 – 1 1 1 0 12
1 1 0 0 12
1 1
6 1 3 47 (c) 23134 − 13324 = 3214
+ 2 1 6 37
6
1 1 3 3 07 1 2 5
2 3 1 34
(b) 17328 + 6718 = 26238 – 1 3 3 24
3 2 14
1 1
1 7 3 28
+ 6 7 18 15. (a) 3046 − 1256 = 1356
2 6 2 38
3046 → 1 1 210 6 5 9
(c) 333425 + 10435 = 344405 1256 → – 5 310 6 9–5
5 910 6 1–3
1 1
3 3 3 4 25 0–1
+ 1 0 4 35
(b) 17028 − 5148 = 11668
3 4 4 4 05
17028 → 9 6 210 8 6 30
13. (a) 1011012 + 10112 = 1110002 5148 → – 3 3 210 8 78– 6
6 3 010 8 9– 6
1011012 → 4 510 2 5 6
8 1– 1
10112 → + 1 110 2 2 8 – 0
0– 1
5 610 2 1 4 – 0
2 7 – 0
2 3 – 1
2 1 – 1
0 – 1

(c) 40359 − 18729 = 20539 MODUL SPM

40359 → 2 9 4 810 9 1 506 Kertas 1
9 167 – 3
18729 → – 1 4 4 210
9 18 – 5 1. Nombor
1 5 0 610 1 0 1 1 1 0
9 2 – 0 Number
0 – 2 Nilai tempat 22
Place value
21 20 22 21 20
16. (a) Nombor tiga digit terbesar dalam asas
Nilai digit 4 0 1 4 2 0
sembilan Digit value
The largest three-digit number in base nine
= 8889 Asas 8 4+0+1 4+2+0
Base 8 =5 =6
= (8 × 92) + (8 × 91) + (8 × 90)
= 648 + 72 + 8
1011102 = 568
= 72810
Jawapan / Answer : D
(b) 1334 = (1 × 42) + (3 × 41) + (3 × 40) = 3110
7289 = (7 × 92) + (2 × 91) + (8 × 90) = 59310 2. 25 + 24 + 22 + 1
1334 + 7289 = 3110 + 59310 = 1 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 1 × 20
= 62410 = 1101012
Kod rahsia itu ialah 624. Jawapan / Answer : A
The secret code is 624.
3. 011 001 101
(c) Albert: 1536 = (1 × 62) + (5 × 61) + (3 × 60)
= 6910 3 1 5
Bernard: 749 = (7 × 91) + (4 × 90) 110011012 = 3158
= 6710 Jawapan / Answer : C
Celine: 2435 = (2 × 52) + (4 × 51) + (3 × 50) 4. 1 2 2
= 7310 0 2 0 0 2
Nombor Celine mempunyai nilai yang paling 1 0 1 1 0 12

tinggi. – 1 1 1 02
Celine’s number has the highest value. 1 1 1 1 12
(d) 9 1 6 0 8 2 1
9 17869 – 0 Jawapan / Answer : D
9 1985 – 4 5. 4 × 5³ = 500
9 220 – 5
Jawapan / Answer : A
9 24 – 4
9 2 – 6 6. 4 1 5 1
0 – 2 4 37 – 3
16082110 = 2645409 4 9 – 1
4 2 – 1
Kata laluan tersebut ialah 264540. 0 – 2
The password is 264540.
15110 = 21134
Kuasai SPM 1 Maka / Thus, p = 1
6 7 5 3 Baki / Remainder Jawapan / Answer : B
6 1 25 – 3 7. 567 = (7 × 5) + (1 × 6) = 4110
6 20 – 5 789 = (9 × 7) + (1 × 8) = 7110
6 3 – 2
0 – 3 Maka / Thus, 5 3 0
789 – 567 = 7110 – 4110
5 6–0
75310 = 32536 = 3010
5 1–1
Maka / Thus, p = 2 = 1105
0–1
Jawapan / Answer : C Jawapan / Answer : A

8. 63 + (5 × 62) + 1 = 1 × 63 + 5 × 62 + 0 × 61 + 1 × 60 (c) 5146 = (5 × 62) + (1 × 61) + (4 × 60)

= 15016 = 180 + 6 + 4
Jawapan / Answer : D = 19010
1789 = (1 × 92) + (7 × 91) + (8 × 90)
9. 2325 = (2 × 5 )+(3 × 5 ) + (2 × 5 )
2 1 0
= 81+ 63+ 8
= 6710 = 15210
21213 = (2 × 33) + (1 × 32) + (2 × 31) + (1 × 30) Maka / Thus, 5146  1789
= 7010
2325  x10  21213 2. (a) (i) 889 = (8 × 91) + (8 × 90)
6710  x10  7010 = 8010
10234 = (1 × 43) + (0 × 42) + (2 × 41)
Nilai-nilai yang mungkin bagi x = 68, 69 + (3 × 40)
Possible values of x = 68, 69
= 7510
Jawapan / Answer : B 22113 = (2 × 33) + (2 × 32) + (1 × 31)
+ (1 × 30)
10. 4(62 – 8) = 4(36 – 8) = 112 = 7610
3 1 12 80 + 75 + 76
Nilai purata =
3 37 – 1 Average value 3
3 12 – 1 = 7710
3 4 – 0
(ii) 8010 − 7510 = 510
3 1 – 1
= 105
0 – 1
(b) 3728 = (3 × 82) + (7 × 81) + (2 × 80)
11210 = 110113 = 25010
Jawapan / Answer : A 250 − (250 × 40%)
= 250 − 100
= 15010
Kertas 2 = 21124
1. (a) 6718 = (6 × 82) + (7 × 81) + (1 × 80) 3. 5678 = (5 × 82) + (6 × 81) + (7 × 80)

= 384 + 56 + 1 = 320 + 48 + 7
= 44110 = 375
121203 = (1 × 34) + (2 × 33) + (1 × 32) + (2 × 31) 4. Menukar 100 kepada asas lain
Converting 100 to another base
+ (0 × 30)
= 81 + 54 + 9 + 6 + 0
= 15010 Asas 2 Asas 5 Asas 8
Base 2 Base 5 Base 8
Maka / Thus, 6718  121203
11001002 4005 1448
(b) 2425 = (2 × 52) + (4 × 51) + (2 × 50)
= 50 + 20 + 2
= 7210 2 1 00 5 1 00
10111012 = (1 × 26) + (0 × 25) + (1 × 24) 2 50 – 0 5 20 – 0
+ (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (0 × 21) 2 25 – 0 5 4 – 0
+ (1 × 20) 2 12 – 1 0 – 4
= 64 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 2 6 – 0 100 = 4005
= 9310 2 3 – 0
2 1 – 1 8 1 00
Maka / Thus, 2425  10111012
0 – 1 8 12 – 4
100 = 11001002 8 1 – 4
0 – 1
100 = 1448

5. Nombor 3 digit yang terkecil dalam asas lima

Smallest 3-digit number in base five
FOKUS KBAT
= 1005 1. 2213 = (2 × 32) + (2 × 31) + (1 × 30)
Nombor 3 digit yang terbesar dalam asas lima = 18 + 6 + 1
Biggest 3-digit number in base five = 2510
= 4445 1125 = (1 × 52) + (1 × 51) + (2 × 50)
4445 – 1005 = 3445 = 25 + 5 + 2
3445 = (3 × 52) + (4 × 51) + (4 × 50) = 3210
= 75 + 20 + 4
= 9910 4 × 25 + 5 × 32 = 26010
= 5217
9 92 Baki / Remainder
7 2 6 0 Baki / Remainder
49 2 – 1
7 37 – 1
24 2 – 1
7 5 – 2
12 2 – 0
0 – 5
62 – 0
32 – 0 Kod rahsia ialah 521.
12 – 1 The secret code is 521.
0 – 1
2. Aisha (2 × 52) + (4 × 51) + (1 × 50) 7110
Maka / Thus, 3445 = 11000112
(1 × 25) + (1 × 24) + (1 × 23) + (1 × 22)
Ezra 6010
+ (0 × 21) + (0 × 20)
Fadil (1 × 43) + (1 × 42) + (0 × 41) + (2 × 40) 8210
Hui Lin (6 × 91) + (8 × 90) 6210
Yatt (1 × 72) + (3 × 71) + (6 × 70) 7610
Zavian (2 × 33) + (2 × 32) + (1 × 31) + (1 × 30) 7610
Fadil mendapat nilai terbesar manakala Ezra

mendapat nilai terkecil.
Fadil obtained the largest value whereas Ezra obtained the
smallest value.

BAB (b) 2 minit / minutes = 120 saat / seconds

Penaakulan Logik
3 Logical Reasoning
(Benar / True)
2.3 km = 230 m (Palsu / False)
1. (a) Bukan pernyataan / Not a statement Maka / Therefore,
(b) Bukan pernyataan / Not a statement 2 minit = 120 saat dan 2.3 km = 230 m (Palsu)
(c) Pernyataan / A statement 2 minutes = 120 seconds and 2.3 km = 230 m (False)
2. (a) Benar / True 8. (a) Jika ax² + bx + c ialah persamaan kuadratik,

(b) Palsu / False maka a ≠ 0.
(c) Benar / True If ax² + bx + c is a quadratic equation, therefore a ≠ 0.
3. (a) {12}  {4, 8, 12, 16} (b) 3

64 + 16 = 20 (b) Jika p − 1  7, maka p  7.
If p − 1  7, therefore p  7.
4. (a) Benar / True (b) Palsu / False
9. (a) 3
512 = 8 jika dan hanya jika
5. Penafian (~p) Nilai 8³ = 512.
Negation
kebenaran 3

512 = 8 if and only if 8³ = 512.
Truth value
(b) y = axn + bx + c ialah persamaan kuadratik jika
(a) 
64 adalah tidak sama Benar dan hanya jika n = 2.
dengan 82. True y = axn + bx + c is a quadratic equation if and only if n = 2.

64 is not equal to 8 .2
10. (a) Implikasi 1:

Jika 80 ialah nombor genap,
(b) 91 bukan nombor perdana. Palsu
91 is not a prime number. False maka 80 boleh dibahagi tepat
dengan 10.
(c) 96 bukan gandaan bagi 12 Palsu Implication 1: If 80 is an even number, then 80 is divisible
dan 16. False by 10.
96 is not a multiple of 12 and 16.
Implikasi 2: Jika 80 boleh dibahagi tepat
dengan 10, maka 80 ialah
6. (a) atau / or
nombor genap.
(b) atau / or Implication 2: If 80 is divisible by 10, then 80 is an even
(c) dan / and number.
7. (a) 7 × 7 × 7 = 73 (Benar / True) (b) Implikasi 1: Jika HIJK mempunyai 4 sisi, maka
HIJK ialah sebuah sisi empat.
343 = 7 (Palsu / False) Implication 1: If HIJK has 4 sides, then HIJK is a
quadrilateral.
Maka / Therefore,
7 × 7 × 7 = 73 atau 
343 = 7 (Benar) Implikasi 2: Jika HIJK ialah sebuah sisi empat,
7 × 7 × 7 = 73 or 
343 = 7 (True) maka HIJK mempunyai 4 sisi.
Implication 2: If HIJK is a quadrilateral, then HIJK has 4
sides.
11. Akas Songsangan Kontrapositif

Converse Inverse Contrapositive
Jika y ialah faktor bagi 15, maka y Jika y bukan faktor bagi 30, Jika y bukan faktor bagi 15, maka
(a)
ialah faktor bagi 30. maka y bukan faktor bagi 15. y bukan faktor bagi 30.
If y is a factor of 15, then y is a factor of 30. If y is not a factor of 30, then y is not a If y is not a factor of 15, then y is not a
factor of 15. factor of 30.
Jika hasil tambah sudut Jika ABC bukan sebuah segi Jika hasil tambah sudut
(b)
pendalaman ABC ialah 180°, tiga, maka hasil tambah sudut pendalaman ABC bukan 180°,
maka ABC ialah sebuah segi tiga. pendalaman ABC bukan 180°. maka ABC bukan sebuah segi tiga.
If the sum of the interior angles of ABC is If ABC is not a triangle, then the sum of If the sum of the interior angles of ABC is
180°, then ABC is a triangle. interior angles of ABC is not 180°. not 180°, then ABC is not a triangle.

12. (a) Pernyataan Antejadiaan Akibat Nilai kebenaran

Statement Antecedent Consequence Truth value
Jika 4 dan 7 ialah faktor bagi 28, maka

Implikasi Benar Benar Benar
Implication 4 × 7 = 28. True True True
If 4 and 7 are factors of 28, then 4 × 7 = 28.
Jika 4 × 7 = 28, maka 4 dan 7 ialah

Akas Benar Benar Benar
Converse faktor bagi 28. True True True
If 4 × 7 = 28, then 4 and 7 are factors of 28.
Jika 4 dan 7 bukan faktor bagi 28,

Songsangan Benar Benar Benar
Inverse maka 4 × 7 ≠ 28. True True True
If 4 and 7 are not factors of 28, then 4 × 7 ≠ 28.
Jika 4 × 7 ≠ 28, maka 4 dan 7 bukan

Kontrapositif Benar Benar Benar
Contrapositive faktor bagi 28. True True True
If 4 × 7 ≠ 28, then 4 and 7 are not factors of 28.
13. (a) Palsu / False 17. (a) Premis 1 : Semua segi tiga mempunyai hasil
Segi tiga sama kaki hanya mempunyai dua tambah sudut pendalaman 180°.
sisi yang sama panjang. Premise 1 : All triangles have the sum of the interior
Isosceles triangle only have two equal sides. angles of 180°.
(b) Benar / True Premis 2 : PQR ialah sebuah segi tiga.

Premise 2 : PQR is a triangle.
(c) Benar / True.
Kesimpulan : PQR mempunyai hasil tambah
14. (a) Jika x  7, maka x 12. sudut pendalaman 180°.
If x  7, then x  12. Conclusion : PQR has the sum of the interior angles of
180°.
Palsu kerana jika x = 8, maka 8  12.
False because if x = 8, then 8  12. (b) Premis 1 : Semua faktor bagi 5 ialah faktor
(b) Jika x bukan punca bagi x³− 8 = 0, maka x ≠ 2. bagi 15.
If x is not a root of x³− 8 = 0 , then x ≠ 2. Premise 1 : All factors of 5 are factors of 15.
Benar / True Premis 2 : J ialah faktor bagi 5.
Premise 2 : J is a factor of 5.
Kesimpulan : J ialah faktor bagi 15.
Kuasai SPM 1 Conclusion : J is a factor of 15.
Semua / All
(c) Premis 1 : Jika n  50, maka 50 ialah pecahan
15. (a) Hujah deduktif n
tidak wajar.
Deductive argument 50
Premise 1 : If n  50, then is an improper fraction.
(b) Hujah induktif n
Inductive argument Premis 2 : 50 bukan pecahan tidak wajar.
n
(c) Hujah induktif 50
Inductive argument Premise 2 : is not an improper fraction.
n
16. (a) Sah dan munasabah Kesimpulan : n  50
Valid and sound Conclusion : n  50
(b) Sah dan munasabah
Valid and sound 18. (a) Premis 2 : 13 − 4  0
Premise 2 : 13 − 4  0
(c) Tidak sah kerana tidak mematuhi bentuk
hujah deduktif yang sah. tidak munasabah (b) Premis 1 : Jika isi padu sebuah kubus ialah
kerana premis 1 adalah palsu. x3 cm3, maka panjang sisi kubus
Not valid because it does not comply with a valid form tersebut ialah x cm.
of deductive argument. Not sound because premise 1 is Premise 1 : If the volume of a cube is x3 cm3, then the
false. length of side of the cube is x cm.

19. (a) Lemah dan tidak meyakinkan kerana 21. (a) Implikasi 1 : Jika 9x = 1, maka x = 0.
kesimpulan adalah palsu. Implication 1 : If 9x = 1, then x = 0.
Weak and not cogent because the conclusion is false. Implikasi 2 : Jika x = 0, maka 9x = 1.
(b)
Lemah dan tidak meyakinkan kerana Implication 2 : If x = 0, then 9x = 1.
kesimpulan adalah palsu. 360°
Weak and not cogent because the conclusion is false. (b) = 30°
12
20. (a) n2 – n, n = 1, 2, 3, … (c) (i) f(7) = 5(7) + 2
(b) 3n, n = 1, 2, 3, … = 37 orang pelajar / pupils.
(c) (n − 1)2 + n2, n = 4, 5, 6, 7, ... (ii) 5x + 5  100
5x  95
x  19
Maka, pada hari ke-20, bilangan peserta akan
lebih daripada 100 orang pelajar.
Therefore, on the 20th day, the number of pupils would be
more than 100.
22. Pernyataan Antejadiaan Akibat Nilai kebenaran

Statement Antecedent Consequence Truth value
Jika 6 ialah punca bagi x − 36 = 0,2
Implikasi maka 6 bukan punca bagi (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0. Benar Palsu Palsu

Implication If 6 is a root of x2 − 36 = 0, then 6 is not a root of True False False
(x + 6)(x − 6) = 0.
Jika 6 bukan punca bagi (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0,
Akas maka 6 ialah punca bagi x2 − 36 = 0. Palsu Benar Benar
Converse If 6 is not a root of (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0, then 6 is a root of False True True
x2 − 36 = 0.
Jika 6 bukan punca bagi x2 − 36 = 0,
Songsangan maka 6 ialah punca bagi (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0. Palsu Benar Benar
Inverse If 6 is not a root of x2 − 36 = 0, then 6 is a root of False True True
(x + 6)(x − 6) = 0.
Jika 6 ialah punca bagi (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0,
Kontrapositif maka 6 bukan punca bagi x2 − 36 = 0. Benar Palsu Palsu
Contrapositive If 6 is a root of (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0, then 6 is not a root of True False False
x2 − 36 = 0.
Kuasai SPM 2 C (−2)2 × 4 = 42 (Benar / True)

−13 > −5 (Palsu / False)
−1 = −(20) D 2 ialah nombor genap. (Benar / True)
−2 = −(21) 2 is an even number.
−4 = −(22) 2 ialah nombor perdana. (Benar / True)
−8 = −(23) 2 is a prime number.
 Jawapan / Answer : D
−(2n), n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... 2. Jawapan / Answer : D
3. Jawapan / Answer : D
MODUL SPM 4. Jawapan / Answer : D
Kertas 1 5. Jawapan / Answer : B
6. Jawapan / Answer : A
1. A 
81 = 92 (Palsu / False)
7. g(t) = t2 − 4t + 3
1 = 0.20 (Benar / True)
5 Apabila / When t = 15
B 6 ialah faktor bagi 30. (Benar / True) g(15) = 152 − 4(15) + 3
6 is a factor of 30. = 168
30 ialah faktor bagi 6. (Palsu / False)
30 is a factor of 6.
168 cm = 1.68 m
Jawapan / Answer : B

(c) (i) Luas kawasan yang tidak berlorek untuk

Kertas 2 corak pertama
The area of unshaded region for the first pattern
1. (a) Kerana nilai kebenarannya dapat ditentukan.
Because the truth value can be determine. = (2 × 2) − 1 × 2 × 2
 
2
=4−2
(b) Akas / Converse:
= 2 cm2
Jika 3p − 5 = 61, maka p = 22.
If 3p − 5 = 61, then p = 22. Luas kawasan yang tidak berlorek untuk
Songsangan / Inverse: corak yang kedua
The area of unshaded region for the second pattern
Jika p ≠ 22, maka 3p − 5 ≠ 61.
If p ≠ 22, then 3p − 5 ≠ 61. =2×2
= 4 cm²
Kontrapositif / Contrapositive:
Jika 3p − 5 ≠ 61, maka p ≠ 22. Luas kawasan yang tidak berlorek untuk
If 3p − 5 ≠ 61, then p ≠ 22. corak yang ketiga
The area of unshaded region for the third pattern
2. (a) pernyataan umum / general statement =2×4
(b) pernyataan khusus / specific statement = 8 cm²
Luas kawasan yang tidak berlorek untuk
3. (a) m + n = −2 .............a
corak yang keempat
4m + n = 13 ...........b The area of unshaded region for the fourth pattern
b−a =2×8
3m = 15 = 16 cm²
m=5 Oleh itu, luas kawasan yang tidak
daripada / from a berlorek
Therefore, the area of the unshaded region
5 + n = −2
= 2n, n = 1, 2, 3, 4, …
n = −7
(ii) Luas kawasan tidak berlorek untuk
(b) 5p2 − 7, p = 1, 2, 3 … corak yang ke-7
The area of the unshaded region for the 7th pattern
4. (a) Benar / True = 27
(b) Implikasi 1 / Implication 1: = 128 cm2
Jika 2x2 + x − 15 = 0, maka x = −3 dan x = 5 .
5
If 2x2 + x − 15 = 0, then x = −3 and x = .
2 FOKUS KBAT
2
Implikasi 2 / Implication 2:
Jika x = −3 dan x = 5 , maka 2x2 + x − 15 = 0.
35 cm
2
5
If x = −3 and x = , then 2x2 + x − 15 = 0.
2
5. (a) Antejadian / Antecedent: Panjang / Length = x

Garis lurus y = −3x + 7 adalah selari dengan x2 + x2 = 352
garis lurus 4y = ax + 28. 2x2 = 1 225
The straight line y = −3x + 7 is parallel to the straight line
x = 
612.5
4y = ax + 28.
Akibat / Consequent: a = −12 Corak pertama / First pattern:
(b) Kesimpulan / Conclusion: 1 × 22 × 17.52 − 

  612.5 × 
612.5  
7
Sisi ABCDEFGH ialah sama panjang.
the length of sides of ABCDEFGH is equal. Corak kedua / Second pattern:
Hujah Deduktif kerana kesimpulan khusus 3 × 22 × 17.52 − 
  612.5 × 
612.5  
7
dibuat berdasarkan pernyataan umum.
Deductive argument because specific conclusion is made Corak ketiga / Third pattern:
from general statement.
5 × 22 × 17.52 − 
  612.5 × 
612.5  
7
Maka / Therefore,
(2n − 1)[17.52π − 612.5], n = 1, 2, 3, …

BAB 3. (a) Q  R = {13, 17}

Operasi Set
4 Operations on Sets
(i) (Q  R)ʹ = {11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20}
(ii) n(Q  R)ʹ = 8
1. (a)  = {10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20} (b) P  R = {11, 13, 15, 17}
C = {11, 13, 15, 17, 19} (i) (P  R)ʹ = {12, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20}
D = {11, 13, 17, 19} (ii) n(P  R)ʹ = 6
C  D = {11, 13, 17, 19} (c) P  Q  R = {13, 17}
n(C  D) = 4 (i) (P  Q  R)ʹ = {11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20}
(ii) n(P  Q  R)ʹ = 8
(b)  = {18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27}
G = {18, 21, 24, 27} 4. (a) {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10}
H = {18, 20, 22, 24, 26} (b) (i) {1,3,7,10,12,13,17,21}
J = {18, 24} (ii) {1,4,9,10,12,13,17,21}
G  H  J = {18, 24}
(c) (i) {22, 52, 81}
n(G  H  J) = 2
(ii) {22, 52, 66, 69, 79, 81}
(c)  = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, (iII) {22, 52, 66, 69, 79, 81}
17, 18, 19, 20} (iV) {22, 52, 66, 69, 79, 81}
P = {1, 4, 9, 16}
Q = {1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18} 5. (a) ξ
B
R = {9, 18} A C
P  Q  R = {9}
n(P  Q  R) = 1
2. (a) G = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
G H
H = {1, 3, 5, 15} 1
J = {2, 3, 5, 7} 9 15 (b) ξ
3 P Q
5
7
2
J
R
(b) K = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18}
L = {4, 8, 12, 16} (c) ξ
M = {1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28} X Y
K M
6
10 2 Z
L 1
16
4
8
12 7 6. (a) ξ
14 P Q
18 28
x 10
14
16
(c) X = {c, e, r, d, a, s}
x
Y = {c, e, r, g, a, s} y
R
Z = {c, e, r, i, a}
X Y n(P) = 52
d
s
g
x + 10 + 16 + 14 = 52

c
r
x = 12
e
a
n() = 115
i 12 + 16 + 12 + 60 + y = 115
Z y = 15

(b) (i) y + (200 − x) + x + (145 − x) = 324 (c) ξ

y − x + 345 = 324 P Q R
x = y + 21
(ii) Apabila / When y = 39,
x = 39 + 21
= 60
Bilangan murid yang mengambil 8. (a) (i) J  K = {a, b, c, e}
Matematik Tambahan sahaja n(J  K) = 4
Number of pupils who take only Additional (ii) J  K  L = {a, b, c, e, i, o, u}
Mathematics
n(J  K  L) = 7
= 200 − 60
= 140 (b) P = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
Q = {2, 3, 5, 7}
(c) B F R = {1, 3, 9}
22 17 60 (i) P  Q = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}
13
6
14 n(P  Q) = 6
28
(ii) P  Q  R = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}
n(P  Q  R) = 6
T
(c) X = {S, E, L, A, Y, N, G}
Bilangan murid yang bermain tenis sahaja Y = {E, I}
Number of pupils who play only tennis
Z = {S, K, N, C, H}
= 160 – 22 – 17 – 13 – 6 – 60 – 14 (i) X  Y = {S, E, L, A, Y, N, G, I}
= 28 n(X  Y) = 8
(ii) X  Y  Z = {S, E, L, A, Y, N, G, I, K, C, H}
Kuasai SPM 1 n(X  Y  Z) = 11
9. (a) ξ
(a) ξ P
P Q
Q
(b) ξ
E F
(b) ξ
P Q R
(c) ξ
Y
X Z
7. (a) ξ
P
10. (a)  = {60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72,
Q R
73, 74, 75}
G = {60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75}
(b) ξ H = {60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74}
Q
P R K = {61, 67, 71, 73}
(i) G  H = {60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 72,
74, 75}
(G  H)ʹ = {61, 65, 67, 71, 73}
(ii) G  H  K = {60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69,
70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75}
(G  H  K)ʹ = {65}

(b)  = {40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, Bilangan guru yang mengajar Sains sahaja
53, 54, 55} Number of teachers who teach Science only
L = {40, 44, 48, 52} = 10 – 2 – 1 – 1
M = {40, 45, 50, 55} =6
N = {40, 50} Bilangan guru yang mengajar Bahasa Inggeris
(i) L  M = {40, 44, 45, 48, 50, 52, 55} sahaja
Number of teachers who teach English only
(L  M)ʹ = {41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54}
= 12 – 2 – 1 – 1
(ii) L  M  N = {40, 44, 45, 48, 50, 52, 55} =8
(L  M  N)ʹ = {41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53,
54} Jumlah guru yang mengajar Matematik atau
Sains atau Bahasa Inggeris
(c)  = {15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, Number of teachers who teach either Mathematics,
28, 29, 30} Science or English
P = {16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30} =3+6+8+2+1+2+1
Q = {15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30} = 23
R = {16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 30}
(i) P  Q = {15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, Kuasai SPM 2
30}
(P  Q)ʹ = {17, 19, 23, 25, 29} (a) Q (b) P Q
P
(i) P  Q  R = {15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30} R
(P  Q  R)ʹ = {17, 19}
11. (a) n(J  K) = 37 + 34 − 15 R

= 56
Bilangan murid yang tidak suka sebarang
12. (a) (i) P = {a, b, d}
permainan itu
Number of pupils who do not like any of the games Q  R = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h}
= 85 – 56 P  (Q  R) = {a, b, d}
= 29 (ii) P  Q = {a, d}
(b) (i) x + 2x − 1 + x − 2 = 57 R = {b, f, g, h}
4x − 3 = 57 (P  Q)  R = {a, b, d, f, g, h}
4x = 60
(b) (i) A = {1, 9, 25, 64}
x = 15
B  C = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 81}
(ii) Bilangan murid yang tidak suka sebarang A  (B  C) = {1, 9, 25}
aktiviti itu
Number of pupils who do not like any of the activities (ii) B = {1, 4, 9, 81}
= 105 – 57 – 7 – 2 – 6 – 4 A  C = {25}
= 29 B  (A  C) = {1, 4, 9, 25, 81}
(c) M = Matematik / Mathematics
(iii) A  B = {1, 4, 9, 25, 64, 81}
S = Sains / Science
A  C = {1, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81}
E = Bahasa Inggeris / English
(A  B)  (A  C) = {1, 9, 25, 64, 81}
M S
2 (c)  = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
3 6
P = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}
1
2 1 Q = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13}
8 R = {1, 3, 5, 15}
E (i) P = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}
Bilangan guru yang mengajar Matematik Q  R = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15}
sahaja P  (Q  R) = {2}
Number of teachers who teach Mathematics only
(ii) P  Q = {2}
=8–2–2–1
Q  R = {3, 5}
=3
(P  Q)  (Q  R) = {2, 3, 5}

13. (a) B (b) ξ

Q
A C P R
(b) P Q
(c) ξ
X
Y Z
R
(c) 16. (a) n(P  Q) = n(Q  R)ʹ

R S
T x + 2 + x − 1 = 17
2x + 1 = 17 P Q
2x = 16
x = 8
n[(P  Q)ʹ  (Q  R)]
= 14 + 7 + ( 8 − 1) R
14. (a) (i) P  Q = {a, b, c, d, e, j} = 28

Rʹ = {a, c, d, e, i, k} (b) S = Membeli-belah / Shopping
(P  Q)  Rʹ = {a, c, d, e} M = Menonton wayang / Going to a movie
(ii) P = {a, b, d} W = Bersenam / Working out
(Q  R )ʹ = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k}
S M
P  (Q  R )ʹ = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k}
3 15 1
(b) (i) (A  B)ʹ = {16, 36, 49} 1
11 7
C = {16, 25, 36, 49, 81}
(A  B)ʹ  C = {16, 36, 49}
(ii) Aʹ  B = {4, 81} W
C = {16, 25, 36, 49, 81} Bilangan pekerja yang suka bersenam sahaja
(Aʹ  B)  C = {4, 16, 25, 36, 49, 81} Number of workers who like only working out
(iii) (A  B)ʹ = {4, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81} = 70 – 3 – 1 – 15 – 11 – 7 – 1
B  C = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 81} = 32
(A  B)ʹ  (B  C) = {4, 16, 25, 36, 49, 81} (c) A = Jus epal / Apple juice
K = Jus kiwi / Kiwi juice
(c) ξ = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
M = Jus mangga / M = Mango juice
P = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}
Q = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15} ξ
A K
R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12} 23 11 15
(i) Pʹ = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14} 2
20
18
Q  R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15}
20
Pʹ  (Q  R) = {2, 4, 6, 12} M 11
(ii) (Q  R)ʹ = {5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14}

P = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15} (i) Jumlah murid yang disoal selidik
(Q  R)ʹ  P = {5, 7, 11, 13} Total number of pupils surveyed
= 23 + 15 + 20 + 11 + 2 + 18 + 20 + 11
15. (a) ξ = 120
K L
(ii) Bilangan murid yang suka jus kiwi atau
M
jus mangga
Number of pupils who like kiwi juice or mango juice
= 15 + 20 + 11 + 18 + 2 + 20
= 86

(iii) Bilangan murid yang suka jus epal atau 3. X Y

jus kiwi dan juga jus mangga
Number of pupils who like apple juice or kiwi juice
and also mango juice
= 2 + 18 + 20
= 40
Z
Kuasai SPM 3 Rantau berlorek dalam gambar rajah Venn

mewakili set (X  Y)ʹ  Z.
(a) 26 + 17 + a = 97 The shaded region in the Venn diagram represents the set
a + 43 = 97 (X  Y)ʹ  Z.
a = 54
(b) n(B) = 5b + b + 26 + 17
= 6b + 43 4.
n(T) = b + 17 X Y X Y
I I
1
(6b + 43) = b + 17
5 Z
III IV
Z
III IV
6b + 43 = 5b + 85 II II
b = 42
(c) B F
26
T
b 17 a X Y
I
5b
Z
III IV
II
Bilangan murid yang suka bermain bola

keranjang dan bola sepak tetapi tidak suka
bermain tenis
Number of pupils who like to play basketball and football but
not tennis 5. 9 + 5x = 25 + x
= 26 4x = 16
x = 4
MODUL SPM Jawapan / Answer : D
Kertas 1 6. ξ
K T
1. P = {P, E, R, B, A, N, K}
10 24 37
Q = {P, E, R, N, I, A, G}
R = {P, E, R, A, K, U, N}
29
P  Q  R = {P, E, R, A, N}
Bilangan murid yang suka kopi sahaja
2. P Q Number of pupils who like coffee only
13
2 3
= 34 – 24
16
4 5 7
= 10
11 6 1
8 0 Bilangan murid yang suka teh sahaja
10
Number of pupils who like tea only
15
R = 61 – 24
= 37
(P  Q)  Rʹ = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 16}
Bilangan murid yang tidak suka kopi atau teh
Jawapan / Answer : C Number of pupils who do not like coffee or tea
= 100 – 10 – 24 – 37
= 29
Jawapan / Answer : C

7. P = {39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45} (b) 12 + 7 + 10 + 5 + 12 + 3 + x – 15 = 70

Q = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42} 34 + x = 70
P  Q = {39, 40, 41, 42} x = 36
Maka / Thus, Q = {x : x  42} Bilangan murid yang hanya suka makan

karipap sahaja
Jawapan / Answer : B Number of pupils who like only curry puffs
= 36 – 15
8.  = {35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45} = 21
P = {39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45}
R = {40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45} (c) Bilangan murid yang suka makan dua jenis
makanan sahaja
P  Q = {39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45} Number of pupils who like only two types of food
(P  Q)ʹ = {35, 36, 37, 38} = 7 + 10 + 3
n(P  R) ‘ = 4 = 20
Jawapan / Answer : D 3.  = {pengguna aplikasi ‘JOM’ dalam soal selidik}
 = {‘JOM’ application users in the survey}
9. ξ R = {pengguna yang mengguna perkhidmatan
K L panggilan kereta}
R = {users who use app for ride service}
6 12 16 F = {pengguna yang mengguna perkhidmatan
pesanan makanan}
23 F = {users who use app for food order}
C = {pengguna yang mengguna perkhidmatan
n[(K  L)ʹ  (K  L)ʹ] = 23 kiriman cepat}
C = {users who use app for courier service}
Jawapan / Answer : C ξ
R F
11 16 12
Kertas 2 7
4
10
3
37
C
1. (a)
n(P  Q) = n(P  Q)ʹ
7 + 8 = 5x n(R) = 38, n(F) = 42, n(C) = 24
x = 3
n() = 64 Bilangan pengguna yang mengguna
12 + 7 + 8 + 8 + 5(3) + 3 + y = 64 perkhidmatan panggilan kereta sahaja
Number of users who use app for ride service only
53 + y = 64
y =11 = 38 – 16 – 7 – 4
= 11
(b) Bilangan suri rumah tangga yang Bilangan pengguna yang mengguna
mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya dua hobi perkhidmatan pesanan makanan sahaja
Number of housewives who have at least two hobbies Number of users who use app for food order only
=7+8+3+8 = 42 – 16 – 10 – 4
= 26 = 12
2. (a) N = Nasi lemak Bilangan pengguna yang mengguna
K = Karipap / Curry puff perkhidmatan pesanan kiriman cepat sahaja
B = Burger Number of users who use app for courier service only
N
= 24 – 7 – 10 – 4
K
12 7 =3
x – 15
10
5
3 Bilangan pengguna yang tidak menggunakan
sebarang perkhidmatan itu
12 Number of users who do not use any of the services
B = 100 – 11 – 12 – 3 – 16 – 7 – 10 – 4

= 37

FOKUS KBAT (b) Bilangan minimum murid yang tidak suka makan
kedua-dua buah-buahan tersebut ialah 0.
(a) D = Durian The minimum number of pupils who like neither is 0.
R = Rambutan k maksimum apabila h maksimum, iaitu 25.
k is maximum when h is maximum, that is 25.
ξ
D R k = 25 – 7
= 18
25 – h h 27 – h
Bilangan maksimum murid yang tidak suka
makan kedua-dua buah-buahan tersebut ialah
k
18.
The maximum number of pupils who like neither is 18.
(25 − ℎ) + ℎ + (27 − ℎ) + k = 45
52 − ℎ + k = 45
k = ℎ − 7

BAB (b) T
Rangkaian dalam Teori Graf
5 Network in Graph Theory
X
W
1. (a) V = {M, N, W, Q, X, Y} Y Z
n(V) = 6
E = {(M, N), (N, W), (N, Q), (W, Q), (Q, X), (X, Y)}
U V
n(E) = 6
Jumlah bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees,
(c) D E F
Σd(v) = 2n(E) = 12
(b) V = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H} H
G I
n(V) = 8
E = {e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, e10}
n(E) = 10 J K L
Jumlah bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees,

Σd(v) = 2n(E) = 20 4. (a) (b)
M N
P Q
2. (a) V = {P, Q, R, S, T}
n(V) = 5
R
E = {(P, Q), (P, R), (P, S), (P, P), (Q, R), (Q, R),
(S, R), (S, T), (R, T), (T, T)}
S
n(E) =10
R
P Q
Jumlah bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees, (c) P

Q
Σd(v) = 2n(E) = 20
Darjah di Bucu P / Degree of Vertex P = 5
Darjah di Bucu S / Degree of Vertex S = 3
Darjah di Bucu Q / Degree of Vertex Q = 3
R
Darjah di Bucu T / Degree of Vertex T = 4 S
Darjah di Bucu R / Degree of Vertex R = 5
(b) V = {A, B, C, D} 5. (a) Jumlah darjah / Sum of degrees
n(V) = 4 = 3 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 3 =15
E = {(A, B), (A, C), (B, C), (B, C), (B, B), (B, D), Jumlah darjah ialah ganjil, maka graf tidak
(C, C), (C, D), (D, D)} boleh dilukis.
Sum of degrees is odd, thus the graph cannot be drawn.
n(E) = 9
Jumlah bilangan darjah / Sum of degrees, (b) Jumlah darjah / Sum of degrees
Σd(v) = 2n(E) = 18 = 1 + 3 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 3 =14
Darjah di Bucu A / Degree of Vertex A = 2 Jumlah darjah ialah genap, maka graf boleh
Darjah di Bucu B / Degree of Vertex B = 6 dilukis
Darjah di Bucu C / Degree of Vertex C = 6 Sum of degrees is even, thus the graph can be drawn.
Darjah di Bucu D / Degree of Vertex D = 4
6. (a) (i) (ii)
3. (a) H I J P S S
R
M
K
P Q
L Q R

(b) (i) S T
Pokok 2 / Tree 2
C
A
R
U V D
E
Q P F
(ii) S T
B G H
R
U V
9. (a) (b)
7. (a) U
6 4
Y
V
3
(c)
7 4
W 5 X 2 Z
(b) D 12 G
3
10. (a) 7 bucu dan 10 tepi / 7 vertices and 10 edges
5 E I 4 tepi harus dikeluarkan
4 edges need to be removed.
4 6 P
8 11
F 11 H Q R
7
10 T
8. (a) Pokok 1 / Tree 1
4 V
A B S 5
U

Graf yang terhasil ialah pokok. Jumlah
pemberat minimum pokok ialah
10 + 8 + 11 + 7 + 5 + 4 = 45.
The graph obtained is a tree. The minimum total weight of
C D E the tree is 10 + 8 + 11 + 7 + 5 + 4 = 45.
Pokok 2 / Tree 2 (b) 8 bucu dan 12 tepi / 8 vertices and 12 edges

5 tepi harus dikeluarkan
A B
5 edges need to be removed
12
6
C D E 4 8
5
(b) Pokok 1 / Tree 1 8
C Graf yang terhasil ialah pokok. Jumlah

A pemberat minimum pokok ialah
D 12 + 7 + 6 + 4 + 5 + 8 + 8 = 50.
E
The graph obtained is a tree. The minimum total weight of
the tree is 12 + 7 + 6 + 4 + 5 + 8 + 8 = 50.
F
B G H

11. (a) Katakan sayur = S, arnab = A, tikus = T, Maka, laluan dengan jarak terpendek
musang = M, ular = U, helang = H. ialah A-B-F-D-H-E-G-C, iaitu 34 km
Let vegetables = S, rabbit = A, mouse = T, fox = M, dan laluan dengan jarak terpanjang
snake = U, eagle = H.
ialah A-D-H-E-G-F-B-C, iaitu 41 km.
S A Thus, the shortest distance between the
paths is A-B-F-D-H-E-G-C, which is 34 km
and the longest distance between the paths is
A-D-H-E-G-F-B-C, which is 41 km.
T M
Kuasai SPM 1
U H 1. Jawapan / Answer : B
(b) Katakan hitam = H, putih = P, biru = B, 2. R
merah = M, jingga = J.
Let black = H, white = P, blue = B, red = M, orange = J.
W
M Choon J Sern B
T S
Eccles
Kuang Jawapan / Answer : D
P Jye H MODUL SPM

12. (a) (i) S Shafiq O Devi X Kertas 1
1. Jawapan / Answer : D
Jane
Rina
Samuel
Jonathan 2. Jawapan / Answer : A
3. n(E) = n(V) – 1
A
H Rania I
=6–1
=5
(ii) Telefon pintar jenama S, I dan O
Bilangan tepi untuk pokok ialah 5. Maka, bilangan
digunakan oleh kebanyakan murid iaitu
tepi yang perlu dikeluarkan ialah 9 – 5 = 4.
masing-masing seramai 3 orang. The number of edges for the tree is 5. Thus, the number of
The brand S, I and O smartphone are used by most
edges that need to be removed is 9 – 5 = 4.
of the pupils which are 3 pupils respectively.
(b) (i) Laluan / Path 1: A-B-F-D-H-E-G-C Jawapan / Answer : A

Laluan / Path 2: A-B-G-F-D-H-E-C 4. A 3 + 2 + 4 + 2 + 2 = 13
Laluan / Path 3: A-D-F-H-E-G-B-C Jumlah darjah ialah ganjil, maka graf tidak
Laluan / Path 4: A-D-H-E-G-F-B-C boleh dilukis.
Laluan / Path 5: A-D-H-F-B-G-E- Sum of degrees is odd, thus the graph cannot be drawn.
B 2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 10
(ii) Laluan / Path 1:
Jumlah darjah ialah genap, maka graf boleh
5 + 4 + 4 + 5 + 4 + 5 + 7 = 34 km
dilukis
Laluan / Path 2: Sum of degrees is even, thus the graph can be drawn.
5 + 3 + 6 + 4 + 5 + 4 + 9 = 36 km C 1 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 11
Laluan / Path 3: Jumlah darjah ialah ganjil, maka graf tidak
7 + 4 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 3 + 10 = 36 km boleh dilukis.
Laluan / Path 4: Sum of degrees is odd, thus the graph cannot be drawn.
7 + 5 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 4 + 10 = 41 km D 3 + 4 + 2 + 4 = 13
Laluan / Path 5: Jumlah darjah ialah ganjil, maka graf tidak
7 + 5 + 3 + 4 + 3 + 5 + 9 = 36 km boleh dilukis.
Sum of degrees is odd, thus the graph cannot be drawn.

5. G
FOKUS KBAT
A
H
E (a) RM50 D RM60
A E
B F
D RM55 RM90
C B RM80
RM40 C
RM85
• Graf mudah / Simple graph
• Semua bucu berkait / All vertices are connected RM30 RM110 F
• Setiap pasangan bucu dikaitkan dengan satu RM20
tepi sahaja G
H
Each pair of vertices are connected by one edge only
Jawapan / Answer : C (b) A → D → E → F → H

= RM50 + RM60 + RM80 + RM20
6. A → B → C → E → F → D = RM210
7 m + 5 m + 4 m + 4 m + 6 m = 26 m A→B→C→H
Jawapan / Answer : C = RM55 + RM85 + RM110
= RM250
Kertas 2 A→G→B→C→H
= RM40 + RM30 + RM85 + RM110
1. (a) E = {(A, B), (A, D), (B, C), (C, D), (C, F), (D, E), = RM265
(E, F)} A→D→C→H
n(E) = 7 = RM50 + RM90 + RM110
V = {A, B, C, D, E, F}, = RM250
n(V) = 6
Perjalanan yang paling murah ialah
(b) n(E) = n(V) – 1 A → D → E → F → H yang berharga RM210.
=6–1 The cheapest route is A → D → E → F → H which costs RM210.
=5
Bilangan tepi untuk pokok ialah 5. Maka, (c) Harga baru bagi laluan A → D → E → F → H
bilangan tepi yang perlu dikeluarkan ialah New price for the route A → D → E → F → H
7 – 5 = 2. = RM50 + RM60 + (1.5 × RM80) + (1.5 × RM20)
The number of edges for the tree is 5. Thus, the number of = RM260
edges that need to be removed is 7 – 5 = 2.
Harga baru bagi laluan A → D → E → F → H ialah
2. (a) E = {(A, B), (B, B), (A, C), (A, E), (B, C), (C, D), (C, E),
RM260. Zul tidak boleh memilih perjalanan bas
(D, G), (D, H), (E, F), (E, G), (F, G), (G, H)}
yang sama kerana perjalanan bas mengikut laluan
n(E) = 13
A → B → C → H dan A → D → C → H adalah lebih
n(d) = 2 × 13 = 26
murah iaitu RM250.
The new price for route A → D → E → F → H is RM260. Zul cannot
(b) B
choose the same bus trip route because the bus trip along the
A → B → C → H and A → D → C → H routes are cheaper at
C RM250.
A E
3. (a) C-B-A-G-F-D-E-S
(b) 4 + 3 + 4 + 7 + 4 + 4 + 9 = 35 minit / minutes
(c) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
= Laju purata × Masa diambil
Average speed × Time taken
= 45 m min–1 × 35 min
= 1 575 m
= 1.575 km

BAB
Ketaksamaan Linear dalam Dua (ii) y 2
– x – 8
6 Pemboleh Ubah
Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
5
–15 2
1. (a) 18x + 36y  90 – (–3) – 8
5
(b) 12x + 2.8y  50 = –6.8
–15  − 6.8
2. (a) y = 2x + 5 Maka, titik (–3, –15) memuaskan
x 0 –3 2
y  – x – 8.
5
y 5 –1
2
Thus, point (–3, –15) satisfy y  – x – 8.
5
y (iii) y 2
– x – 8
6
5
(1, 5) 0 2
5 – (–20) – 8
(–4, 4) 5
4 =0
(–1, 3)
(–2, 3)
3 0=0
2
y = 2x + 5 Maka, titik (–20, 0) memuaskan
(–2, 1) 1 (0, 1) 2
y = – x – 8.
x
5 2
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 Thus, point (–20, 0) satisfy y = – x – 8.
–1
5
4. (a) y
Titik-titik (−2, 1) dan (−1, 3) memuaskan persamaan

8
y = 2x + 5. y=8
Points (−2, 1) and (−1, 3) satisfy the equation y = 2x + 5. 6
Titik-titik (−2, 3) dan (−4, 4) memuaskan 4

ketaksamaan y  2x + 5. 2
Points (−2, 3) and (−4, 4) satisfy the inequality y  2x – 5.
x
–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2
Titik-titik (0, 1) dan (1, 5) memuaskan ketaksamaan
–2
y  2x – 5.
Points (0, 1) and (1, 5) satisfy the inequality y  2x – 5. –4
3. (a) (i) y 2
– x – 8 (b) y
5
8 2
– (0) – 8 5
5
= –8 4
8−8 3
2
x x+5
5 2
Maka, titik (0, 8) memuaskan
2 1
y  – x – 8.
5 2 x
Thus, point (0, 8) satisfy y  – x – 8.
5 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0
–1

(c) y (b) y
2 3
1 2
x 1
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1
–1 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2
–2 –1
–3 –2
x=y
–4 –3
x –3
(d) y (c) y
2 3
y2
1 2
x 1
–5 – 4 –3 –2 –1 0 1
–1 x
y – 1x – 3
3 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
–2 –1
–3 –2
–4 –3
(e) y (d) y
2 2
1 1
0 x x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
–1 –1
–2 –2 x–y3
yx–7
–3 –3
–4 –4
5. (a) y (e) y
3 3
2 2
2
y= x
1 3 1
x x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
–1 –1
–2 –2
–3 2+x3
–3

Kuasai SPM 1 (c) y
4x  −y + 3 4
4x + y  3
y  −4x + 3 y=2
2
x 0 1
y 3 –1
x
–3 0
y 4
y= x+4
3
3
4x –y + 3
2 9. (a) y
1
x3
7 3
x y x+3
4
– 3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 6
–1
5
–2
y4
4
–3
3
2
6. (a) (i) x + y  60
1
(ii) x  2y
(iii) 69x + 49y  1 500 0
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(b) (i) x + y  30
(ii) x  y
(iii) x  15
(b) y
7. (a) (i) A (ii) D
(iii) B (iv) C 7
(b) (i) B (ii) C 6

(iii) D (iv) A 5
4
8. (a) y
x=3 3
yx+6
2
5
1
1 y–x3
y=– x+5 x
3 0
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1
(c) y
x
0 3 6
7
(b) y
6
y=x
5
y=x x=8
4
x
–6 0 3
1
y=– x–2 –2 2
3
1 y–1 x+4
2
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

3 3 y
10. (a) y  – x + 3, y  x + 3, y  0
5 2
70
4 y 2x
(b) y  – x, y  3, x  –5 60
3
50
2 4
(c) y  –x + 2, y  x – , y  2
3 3 40
30
11. (a) a y  0
20
2–0
b y = =2 x + y 50
0 – (–1) 10
y = 2x + 2 x
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Maka / Thus, y  2x + 2
4–0
c m = = –1
0–4 (iii) Maksimum 40 pinggan
Maximum 40 plates.
y = −x + 4
Minimum 20 pinggan
Maka / Thus, y  −x + 4 Minimum 20 plates.
(b) a x  3 (iv) 6.5x + 8y = 6.5(15) + 8(30)
2–0 2 = RM337.50
b m = = –
0–3 3 (b) Katakan x = Berat muatan
2 y = Berat lori
y = – x + 2
3 Let x = The weight of load
2 y = The weight of lorry
Maka / Thus, y  – x + 2
3 (i) x + y  3.6
3 –2 1
c m = = 2.08 + y  3.6
3–0 3
y  1.52
1
y= x+2 (ii) y
3
1
Maka / Thus, y  x + 2 3.5
3 x + y 3.6
3.0
(c) a y  0
2.5
–4 – (–1) 3
b y = = –
2–0 2 2.0
y = 1.52
3 1.5
y = – x – 1
2 1.0
3
Maka / Thus, y  – x – 1 0.5
2
c x  2 x
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
12. (a) Katakan x = Bilangan pinggan nasi lemak
y = Bilangan pinggan nasi goreng (iii) 24 × 500 × 100 = 1 200 kg = 1.2 tan
Let x = Number of plates of nasi lemak 1 000
y = Number of plates of fried rice Ya kerana y = 1.2 berada di dalam rantau
x + y  50
(i) berlorek.
Yes because y = 1.2 is located inside the shaded
y  2x
region.
(ii) x + y  50
x 0 50
Kuasai SPM 2
y a y  –6
50 0
0 – (–6) 3
y  2x b m = = –
–4 – 0 2
x 0 30 3
y = – x – 6
y 2
0 60
3
Maka / Thus, y  – x – 6
2

0 – (–6) 5. Kecerunan / Gradient

c m = =3
–4 – (–6) 3–0
=
Pintasan-y / y-intercept, 0–3
y = mx + c = −1
0 = 3(–4) + c Pintasan-y / y-intercept = 3
c = 12 y = mx + c
y = 3x + 12 y = −x + 3
Maka / Thus, y  3x + 12 Jawapan / Answer : C
Kertas 2
MODUL SPM
1. (a) (i) 30x + 40y  360
Kertas 1 4y  36 – 3x
(ii) 30x + 25y  480
1. 45.50x + 36.50y  250
5y  96 – 6x
91x + 73y  500
(iii) y  2x
Jawapan / Answer : C (b) y
2. 2
x y y x–7 18
3 y 2x
16
A 27 7 2
7  (27) – 7 14
3
7  11 12
Tidak memuaskan / Not satisfy 10
B 21 7 2 8
7  (21) – 7 5y 96 – 6x
3 6
77 4
Memuaskan / Satisfy 4y 36 – 3x
2
C 27 0 2 0 x
0  (27) – 7
3 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0  11
(c) 4
Tidak memuaskan / Not satisfy
2. Katakan x = Bilangan kemeja
D 21 0 2 y = Bilangan kaftan
0  (21) – 7
3 Let x = Number of shirts
07 y = Number of caftans
x
Tidak memuaskan / Not satisfy (a) y 
2
Maka, titik (21,7) memuaskan ketaksamaan y  300 – x
2
y  x −7. (b) y
3 2
Thus, point (21, 7) satisfy the inequality y  x −7. 300
3
Jawapan / Answer : B y = 300 – x
250
3. Jawapan / Answer : B
4.
x − 2y  4 200
2y  x −4
x 150
y  − 2 x
2 y=
2
x
y= −2 100
2
Jawapan / Answer : A 50
0 x
50 100 150 200 250 300

(c) (i) 100

(ii) Ya. Kerana x = 100 dan y = 50 berada dalam rantau berlorek.
Yes. Because x = 100 and y = 50 is in the shaded region.
FOKUS KBAT
Katakan / Let x = Bilangan nasi kerabu / Number of nasi kerabu
y = Bilangan nasi dagang / Number of nasi dagang
x + y  240; x  120; y  100
(a)
(b) y
240
x + y = 240 x = 120
200
160
120
y = 100
80
40
0 x
40 80 120 160 200 240
(c) Bilangan minimum / Minimum number =100

Bilangan maksimum / Maksimum number =160
(d) 60x + 180y = 60(7.50) + 180(9) = RM2 070

BAB (b) Diberi / Given s = 0.6 − 0.12t

Graf Gerakan
7 Graphs of Motion Masa (min) 0 5
Time (min)
1. (a) Jarak (km)
Distance (km) Jarak (km) 0.6 0
Distance (km)
25
Jarak (km)
Distance (km)
20
0.6
15
0.5
10
0.4
5
0.3
Masa (jam)
O Time (hour)
1 1 1 2 5
6 3 2 3 6 0.2
0.1
(b) Jarak (km)
Distance (km)
Masa (min)
O Time (min)
300 1 2 3 4 5

240
3. (a) (i) Laju semasa melantun ke udara
180
Speed when bounces into the air
= Jarak / Distance
120 Masa / Time
= (50 ÷ 1 000) km
60 (5 ÷ 60 ÷ 60) jam / hour
Masa (min) = 36 km j–1
O
1 2 3 4 5
Time (min) 36 km h–1
Laju semasa jatuh ke tanah

5 Speed when falling to the ground
2. (a) Diberi / Given s = 25 – t (50 ÷ 1 000) km
2 =
(6 ÷ 60 ÷ 60) jam / hour
Masa (saat) 0 10 = 30 km j–1
Time (seconds)
30 km h–1
Jarak (cm) 25 0
Distance (cm)
Beza laju / Difference of speed
= 36 – 30
Jarak (cm) = 6 km j–1
Distance (cm)
6 km h–1
30
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed
20 Jumlah jarak / Total distance
= Jumlah masa / Total time
10 (100 ÷ 1 000) km
=
Masa (saat) (11 ÷ 60 ÷ 60) jam / hour
O 5 10 15
Time (seconds) 8
= 32 km j–1
11
8
32 km h–1
11

(iii) Bola itu bergerak sejauh 100 m dengan Jumlah jarak / Total distance
8 4. (a) (i) Laju purata =
laju purata 32 km j–1 dalam tempoh Average speed Jumlah masa / Total time
11 1 50 – 0
11 saat. 62 =
2 t–0
The ball moves 100 m with average speed of
8 1 50
32 km h–1 in 11 seconds. 62 =
11 2 t
t = 0.8 jam / hour
(b) (i) Laju / Speed = Jarak / Distance
Masa / Time t = 0.8 × 60 = 48 minit / minutes
45
60 = q (ii) Jarak dari Setiu ke Kuala Terengganu
Distance from Setiu to Kuala Terengganu
q = 0.75 jam / hour
= Laju purata × Jumlah masa
= 45 minit / minutes Average speed × Total time
48
Maka, / Therefore,
q = 2:30 p.m. + 45 min
= 110 km j–1 / km h–1 ×
60
jam / hour  
= 88 km
= 3:15 p.m.

Jarak (km)
(ii) (a) Kereta Mizi berada dalam keadaan Distance (km)
Kuala Terengganu
pegun. 138
Mizi’s car is stationary.
(0 – 45) km
(b) Laju / Speed = Setiu
0.5 jam / hour 50
= –90 km j–1 / km h–1

= 90 km j–1 / km h–1
Masa (jam)
Kereta Mizi bergerak sejauh 45 km Besut
O Time (hours)
t 1 1.8
dalam tempoh 30 minit dengan
kelajuan 90 km j–1 . (b) (i) Kereta Aina dalam keadaan pegun
Mizi’s car travels 45 km in 30 minutes at a speed of Aina’s car in stationary state
90 km h–1.
180 − 120 = 60 minit / minutes
(c) (i) Kadar perubahan jarak (ii) Laju purata = Jumlah jarak / Total distance
Rate of change in distance Average speed Jumlah masa / Total time
(7 – 0) km = 35 km j–1 / km h–1 (p – 40)
t–0 80 =

60 
jam / hour 120
60  
t
= 0.2 p – 40
60 80 =
t = 12 2
p = 200
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed Jumlah jarak
Jumlah jarak / Total distance (iii) Laju purata = Total distance
=
Jumlah masa / Total time Average speed Jumlah masa
= 9 km Total time
3
20 63 = (40 – 0)
 
jam / hour
19 t – 180
60

60 
= 27 km j–1 / km h–1
t = 218
Ainul berbasikal sejauh 9 km dalam
tempoh 20 minit dengan laju purata (iv) Laju purata / Average speed
27 km j–1. 200
=
Ainul cycles 9 km in 20 minutes with average speed 218
of 27 km h–1.
60  
5
= 55 km j–1 / km h–1
109

Kuasai SPM 1 6. (a) Masa, t (minit) 0 5

Time, t (minutes)
(a) Tempoh masa berada di kedai (pegun)
Duration of time at the store (stationary) Laju, v (km min–1) 0 10
(60 – 40) Speed, v (km min–1)
=
60 Laju (km min–1)
20 Speed (km min–1)
=
60 10
1
= jam / hour
3

(b) Laju purata / Average speed
= Jumlah jarak / Total distance Masa (min)
Jumlah masa / Total time O 5
Time (min)

1 p
4 =
2 40 (b)
 
60
Masa, t (saat)
Time, t (second)
0 50
1 40
p = 4 × Laju, v (m s–1) 70 0
2 60 Speed, v (m s–1)
p = 3
Laju (m s–1)
Speed (m s–1)
Jarak / Distance
(c) Masa / Time =
Laju / Speed 70
=
5 km
3
3 km j–1 / km h–1
4
1
= 1 jam / hour
3
Masa (saat)
1
t = 1 × 60
O 50
Time (second)
3
= 80 min
7. (a) Jarak / Distance
5. (a) Laju / Speed
(km min–1)
= luas trapezium + luas trapezium
area of trapezium + area of trapezium
 12 × (2 + 3) × 80 +  12 × (80 + 120) × 2

40
=
30
= 400 km
20
(b) Jarak / Distance
10 = luas trapezium + luas segi tiga
area of trapezium + area of triangle
Masa (min)
O 5 10 15 20
Time (min)
=  12 × (13 + 18) × 30 +  12 × 2 × 30
(b) Laju / Speed = 495 m
(m s–1)
25 (c) Jarak / Distance

= luas trapezium + luas trapezium
20 area of trapezium + area of trapezium
15 =  12 × (50 + 80) × 20 +  12 × (30 + 50) × 80

= 4 500 m
10
Masa (saat)
O 2 4 6 8 10
Time (second)

8. (a) (i) Jarak / Distance (iii) Zarah itu bergerak dengan laju seragam
1 8 16 25 m s–1 selama 3 saat.
= ×
2  +
60 60 
× 20 +  The particle moves with uniform speed of 25 m s–1 for
3 seconds.
1 4

2 
× (20 + 50) ×
60  (b) (i) Pecutan / Acceleration
1 (30 – 50) m s–1
=4+2 =
3 (15 – 10) s
1 20 m s–1
= 6 km = –
3 5s
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed = –4 m s–2
1 Zarah mengalami nyahpecutan dengan
6
3 kadar 4 m s−2 dalam tempoh 5 saat.
=
(20 ÷ 60) The particle undergo deceleration at a rate of 4 m s−2
in the period of 5 seconds.
= 19 km j–1
19 km h–1
(ii) Jumlah jarak / Total distance
(b) (i) Jarak = Luas di bawah graf = 5 × 30
Distance = Area under the graph = 150 m
150 =  12 × (t – 10) × 9 + 10. (a) (i) Kadar perubahan laju
 12 × (9 + 12) × [t – (t – 10)] Rate of change of speed
(13 – 0) m s–1
=
t = 20 (2 – 0) s
13 m s–1
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed =
2s
(150 ÷ 1 000)
= = 6.5 m s–2
(20 ÷ 60 ÷ 60)
= 27 km j–1 (ii) Jumlah jarak semasa laju seragam
27 km h–1 Total distance travelled at a uniform speed
(c) (i) Jarak = Luas di bawah graf = 13 × 3

Distance = Area under the graph = 39 m
(iii) Kadar perubahan laju
236 =  12 × (t – 7) × 20 + Rate of change of speed
(15 – 13) m s–1
 12 × (16 + 20) × [13 – (t – 7)] + =
(7 – 5) s
2 m s–1
 12 × (16 + 25) × (t – 13) =
2s
t = 17 = 1 m s–2
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed Serangga itu mengalami pecutan
(236 ÷ 1 000) dengan kadar 1 m s–2 dalam tempoh
=
(17 ÷ 60 ÷ 60) 2 saat terakhir.
The insect accelerates at a rate of 1 m s–2 in the last
= 49.98 km j–1
2 seconds.
49.98 km h–1
(b) (i) Kadar perubahan laju
9. (a) (i) Pecutan / Acceleration Rate of change of speed
(25 – 15) m s–1 (0 – 16) m s–1
= =
(4 – 0) s 15 s
10 m s–1 –16 m s–1
= =
4s 15 s
= 2.5 m s–2 = –1.07 m s–2
(ii) Jumlah jarak / Total distance (ii) Jumlah jarak semasa laju seragam
1

= × (15 + 25) × 4 +
2 

Total distance travelled at a uniform speed
= (75 − 30) × 16
1

(3 × 25) + × 3 × 25
2  = 720 m
1

= 80 + 75 + 37 m
2 
1
= 192 m
2

(iii) Jumlah jarak dilalui / Total distance travelled Kuasai SPM 2

1 1
 
= × 30 × 16 + 720 + × 5 × 16
2 
2  (i) Kadar perubahan laju
= 1 000 m Rate of change of speed
(50 – 30) m s–1
Laju purata / Average speed =
4s
1 000 m =5ms –2
=
80 s
= 12.5 m s–1 (ii) Jarak yang dilalui dalam 6 saat pertama
Distance travelled in the first 6 seconds
Basikal itu bergerak sejauh 1 000 m selama
1
=  12 × (30 + 50) × 4 + (2 × 50)
1 minit dengan laju purata 12.5 m s–1.
3 = 160 + 100
1
The bicycle moves 1 000 m for 1 minutes with an
3
= 260 m
average speed of 12.5 m s .
–1
(iii) Pecutan selepas saat ke-6 = Pecutan pada 4 saat

11. (a) (i) Jarak / Distance = 12 yang pertama
Acceleration after the 6th second = Acceleration for the first
1
× 4 × v = 12 4 seconds
2
(0 – 50) m s–1 (50 – 30) m s–1
v = 6 m – 
(t – 6) s
= 4s
(ii) Jumlah jarak semasa laju seragam
–50
Total distance travelled at a uniform speed
= (8 − 4) × 6
–
t–6 
= 5 
= 24 m 50
= 5
(b) (i) Jumlah jarak semasa laju seragam t–6
Total distance travelled at a uniform speed t = 16
= 18 × 10
= 180 m
MODUL SPM
(ii) Laju purata / Average speed = 17
 1
× (14 + v) × (14 – 12)  Kertas 1
2
= 17
2 1. Tempoh masa / Duration
14 + v = 34 = 6 – 3
v = 20 = 3 jam / hours
12. (a) (i) Jarak dari Gombak ke Karak Jawapan / Answer : A
Distance from Gombak to Karak
2. Laju purata / Average speed = 31.25
1
= × (110 + 90) × 2.5 250
2 = 31.25
t
= 250 km
31.25t = 250
(ii) Jarak dari Karak ke Bentong t = 8
Distance from Karak to Bentong
= 250 km ÷ 5 Jawapan / Answer : C
= 50 km 3. Laju purata / Average speed = 55
1 P
× (110 + 90) × (t – 2.5) = 50 = 55
2 3
100(t – 2.5) = 50
100t – 250 = 50 P = 165 km
t = 3 Jawapan / Answer : D
(iii) Masa perjalanan dari Karak ke Bentong
Time taken from Karak to Bentong
= 3 jam / hours – 2.5 jam / hours
= 0.5 jam / hour
0.5 × 60 = 30 minit / minutes

20
Kertas 2 4. (a) Laju purata / Average speed =
0.25
= 80 km j–1
1. (a) Laju purata / Average speed = 62.5 80 km h–1
25
= 62.5
t 1 20
(b) × 80 =
t = 0.4 2 t – 0.25
40(t – 0.25) = 20
25
(b) Laju purata / Average speed = t = 0.5 + 0.25
0.4 + 0.25
= 0.75
25
=
0.65
= 38.46 km j–1 FOKUS KBAT
38.46 km h–1 1 58
(a) (i) 77 =
3 t
2. (a) Kadar perubahan laju / Rate of change of speed 60  
(60 – 0) m s–1 t = 45
=
(5 – 0) s
60 m s–1 (ii) Kadar perubahan jarak sebelum tiba di Kuantan
= Rate of change of distance before reach Kuantan
5s
= 12 m s–2 = 18 = 54 km j–1
20 54 km h–1
3 (90 – 60) m s–1 60
(b) × 12 m s–2 =
4 (t – 5) s Kadar perubahan jarak selepas tiba di Kuantan
9(t – 5) = 30 Rate of change of distance after reach Kuantan
1
t = 8
3 = 58 – 18 = 96 km j–1
45 – 20 96 km h–1
(c) Jarak dari saat ke-5 hingga saat ke-t 60
Distance from the 5th second to t second Beza / Difference = 96 – 54
1 1 = 42 km j–1
= × (60 + 90) × 3
2 3 42 km h–1
= 250 m
(b) Laju (km j–1)
Speed (km h–1)
(0 – 35) (35 – 55)
3. (a) = 80 Pekan
t 20 14
–
60 60  60
–0   
–t + 20 49 54 Kuantan
= –
3 6
−6t + 120 = −147
t = 44.5 Gambang Masa (jam)
Time (hour)
O 0.5 5
1 14 6
(b) Jarak / Distance = × × 35
2 60
= 4.083 km
(c) Jarak dilalui oleh Hakim
Distance travelled by Hakim
1 44.5
× × 55 = 20.40 km
2 60
Jarak dilalui oleh Kamsani
Distance travelled by Kamsani
 12 × (35 + 55) × 14 1 6
60   2  60
+ × +
30.5
60 
× 35
= 21.15 km
Beza / Difference = 21.15 km – 20.40 km
= 0.75 km = 750 m

BAB 2. (a) Taman Mutiara Taman Indah

Sukatan Serakan Data Tak Terkumpul
8 Measures of Dispersion for Ungrouped Data 5 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 5 5 5
5 5 0 2 0 0 0 5 5
1. (a) Tempahan tertinggi / Highest order = 70 5 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 5
Tempahan terendah / Lowest order = 10 5 0 0 0 4 0 5
Beza / Difference = 70 − 10 = 60 0 5 0 0
0 6 0 0
(b) Bilangan tertinggi / Highest number = 22 Kekunci: 1|0 bermaksud 10 minit
Bilangan terendah / Lowest number = 1 Key: 1|0 means 10 minutes
Beza / Difference = 22 − 1 = 21 Penduduk di Taman Mutiara meluangkan
(c) Markah tertinggi / Highest mark = 37 lebih banyak masa untuk bersenam
Markah terendah / Lowest mark = 19 berbanding penduduk di Taman Indah.
The resident in Taman Mutiara spend more time to
Beza / Difference exercise compared to Taman Indah.
= 37 − 19 (b)
= 18
Sebelum:
Before:
(d) Masa tertinggi / Highest time = 9.4
Selepas:
Masa terendah / Lowest time = 5.5 After:
Beza / Difference Jisim
= 9.4 − 5.5 50 60 70 80

90 Mass
= 3.9 Serakan data sebelum program adalah lebih

kecil.
The dispersion of data before the programme is smaller.
Kuasai SPM 1
(a)
Kelas X Kelas Y
Class X Class Y
8 14
8 8 7 6 5 5 3 2 1 0 15 0 0 1 4 5 5 6 6 7 8
8 5 2 1 16 0 3 3 5 7 8
2 17
Kekunci: 14|8 bermaksud 148 cm
Key: 14|8 means 148 cm
(b) Kelas X mempunyai serakan yang lebih besar. Ini bermakna murid dari Kelas X mempunyai ketinggian yang
lebih pelbagai berbanding Kelas Y.
Class X has larger dispersion. This means pupils from class X have more varied height that class Y.
3. (a) Julat 9−2=7 (b) Julat 31 − 22 = 9

Range Range
Julat antara kuartil 2, 2, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9 Julat antara 22, 23, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31
Interquartile range 8+9 – 2+5 =5 kuartil 27 + 28 – 23 + 23 = 4.5
2 2 Interquartile 2 2
range

(c) Julat 9.3 − 2.0 = 7.3

Range
Julat antara 2.0, 2.2, 2.8, 5.9, 7.0, 7.0, 7.7,

kuartil 7.8, 8.0, 8.0, 8.2, 9.2, 9.3
Interquartile 8.0 + 8.2 – 2.8 + 5.9 = 3.75
range
2 2
4. (a) Julat / Range = 2 500 – 500 = 2 000

Simpanan minimum (RM) 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500
Minimum savings (RM)
Bilangan murid 2 10 2 6 8
Number of pupils
Kekerapan longgokan 2 12 14 20 28
Cumulative frequency
 14 × 28 / the  14 × 28

th
Q1 = cerapan ke- value
= cerapan ke-7 / the 7th value

= 1 000
 34 × 28 / the  34 × 28

th
Q3 = cerapan ke- value Julat antara kuartil
Interquartile range
= cerapan ke-21 / the 21 valueth
= 2 500 − 1 000
= 2 500
= 1 500
(b) Julat / Range = 25 – 5 = 20
Minyak petrol (l) 5 10 15 20 25
Petrol gas
Bilangan kenderaan 3 9 5 1 6
Number of vehicles

 14 × 24 / the  14 × 24
th

= 10
 34 × 24 / the  34 × 24

th
Q3 = cerapan ke- value Julat antara kuartil
Interquartile range
= cerapan ke-18 / the 18th value = 20 − 10
= 20 = 10
(c) Julat / Range = 5 – 1 = 4
Bilangan jam 1 2 3 4 5
Number of hours
Bilangan murid 2 7 8 3 12
Number of pupils
 14 × 32 / the  14 × 32

th

=2
 34 × 32 / the  34 × 32 Julat antara kuartil

th
Interquartile range
= cerapan ke-24 / the 24th value =5−2
=5 =3

–
5. (a) Min / Mean, x – 1(0) + 9(1) + 4(2) + 5(3) + 6(4)
(b) Min / Mean, x =
39 + 51 + 69 + 12 + 75 + 29 + 94 1+9+4+5+6
+ 20 + 25 = 2.24
= Varians / Variance
9
= 46 σ2 = 1(0) + 9(1) + 4(2) + 5(3) + 6(4) – 2.242
2 2 2 2 2
25
Varians / Variance = 1.622
392 + 512 + 692 + 122 + 752 + 292 Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
+ 942 + 202 + 252
σ2 = – 462 =  1.622
9
= 701.11 = 1.274
– 1(0) + 5(1) + 5(2) + 7(3) + 2(4)
(c) Min / Mean, x =
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
1+5+5+7+2
=  701.11 = 2.2
= 26.48 Varians / Variance
–
σ2 = 1(0) + 5(1) + 5(2) + 7(3) + 2(4) – 2.22
2 2 2 2 2
(b) Min / Mean, x
7 + 9 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 15 + 17 + 20
18 + 18 + 22 = 1.16
=
10 Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
= 13.8
=  1.16
Varians / Variance, σ2 = 1.077
72 + 92 + 102 + 102 + 122 + 152 +
172 + 182 + 182 + 222 7. (a) Julat / Range = 9 − 2
= – 13.82
10 =7
= 21.56
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation =7−3
=  21.56 =4
= 4.643 Julat ialah sukatan serakan yang lebih sesuai
–
(c) Min / Mean, x kerana tiada nilai pencilan.
4 + 8 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 5 + 7 + 8 + Range is the most appropriate measure of dispersion
8+9 because there is no outlier.
=
10 (b) Julat / Range = 5.5 − 1.1
= 8.1
= 4.4
Varians / Variance, σ2
42 + 82 + 102 + 102 + 122 + 52 + 72
= 2.7 – 1.6
+ 82 + 82 + 92
= – 8.12 = 1.1
10
= 5.09 Julat ialah sukatan serakan yang lebih sesuai
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation kerana tiada nilai pencilan.
Range is the most appropriate measure of dispersion
=  5.09 because there is no outlier.
= 2.256 (c) Julat / Range = 60 − 11
= 49
6. (a) Min / Mean, x =
– 6(0) + 1(1) + 9(2) + 5(3) + 9(4)
6+1+9+5+9 Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 2.333 = 24 + 24 – 17 + 12
Varians / Variance 2 2
= 9.5
σ2 = 6(0) + 1(1) + 9(2) + 5(3) + 9(4) – 2.3332
2 2 2 2 2
30 Julat antara kuartil ialah sukatan serakan

= 2.090 yang lebih sesuai kerana wujudnya nilai
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation pencilan, 60.
=  2.090 Interquartile range is the most appropriate measure of
dispersion because the existence of outlier, 60.
= 1.446

8. (a) Faris Danial

– 78 + 85 + 88 + 80 + 91
Min / Mean, x = – 80 + 85 + 57 + 78 + 89
Min / Mean, x =
5 5
= 84.4 = 77.8
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation

= 78 + 85 + 88 + 80 + 91 – 84.42 802 + 852 + 572 + 782 + 892
2 2 2 2 2
= – 77.82
5 5
= 4.841 = 11.09
Faris dipilih untuk menyertai pertandingan tersebut. Sisihan piawai markah yang diperoleh Faris adalah
lebih rendah kerana pencapaian Faris lebih konsisten.
Faris is chosen to participate in the competition. The standard deviation of the score obtained by Faris is lower because Faris’s
achievement is more consistent.
(b) Muza
– 15 + 16 + 17 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 16 + 19 + 8 + 13
Min / Mean, x =
10
= 14.3

= 15 + 16 + 17 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 16 + 19 + 8 + 13 – 14.32
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

10
= 3.002
Shah
– 10 + 13 + 15 + 14 + 16 + 17 + 13 + 15 + 13 + 15
Min / Mean, x =
10
= 14.1
= 
102 + 132 + 152 + 142 + 162 + 172 + 132 + 152 + 132 + 152
10
– 14.12
= 1.868
Shah dipilih untuk menyertai pertandingan tersebut. Sisihan piawai markah yang diperoleh Shah adalah
lebih rendah kerana pencapaian Shah lebih konsisten.
Shah is chosen to participate in the competition. The standard deviation of the score obtained by Shah is lower because Shah’s
achievement is more consistent.
9. (a) (i) Julat / Range = 34 − 11 = 23

11, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 30, 31, 34
= 30 − 25
=5
– 25 + 30 + 30 + 31 + 34 + 29 + 26 + 11 + 24 + 28
Min / Mean, x =
10
= 26.8

= 25 + 30 + 30 + 31 + 34 + 29 + 26 + 11 + 24 + 28 – 26.82
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

10
= 5.980
(ii) Julat antara kuartil ialah sukatan serakan yang lebih sesuai kerana wujudnya nilai pencilan, 11.
Interquartile range is the most appropriate measure of dispersion because the existence of outlier, 11.

(b) (i) Julat / Range = 47 − 10 = 37

10, 12, 15, 16, 31, 35, 47
= 35 − 12
= 23
– 47 + 10 + 35 + 15 + 31 + 12 + 16
Min / Mean, x =
7
= 23.71

= 47 + 10 + 35 + 15 + 31 + 12 + 16 – 23.712
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

7
= 13.01
(ii) Julat antara kuartil ialah sukatan serakan yang lebih sesuai kerana wujudnya nilai pencilan, 10.
Interquartile range is the most appropriate measure of dispersion because the existence of outlier, 10.
10. (a) Nilai minimum 12. (a) Julat antara kuartil dan sisihan piawai tidak
Minimum value
11 berubah.
The interquartile range and standard deviation remain
Kuartil pertama 19 unchanged.
First quartile
Median 25 (b) Julat antara kuartil baharu
Median New interquartile range
Kuartil ketiga 35 = 0.2 × 11 = 2.2
Third quartile
Sisihan piawai baharu
Nilai maksimum 43 New standard deviation
Maximum value
= 0.09 × 11 = 0.99
Nilai minimum Nilai maksimum (c) Julat antara kuartil baharu

Minimum value Maximum value
New interquartile range
= 7 × 3 = 21
10 20 30 40 50 60
Varians asal
Original variance
= 3.262 = 10.628
11. (a) Nilai minimum
Minimum value
11 Varians baharu
New variance
Kuartil pertama 23 = 10.628 × 32 = 95.65
First quartile
Median 37
Median
Kuartil ketiga 44.5
Third quartile
Nilai maksimum 60
Maximum value
Julat antara kuartil 21.5
Interquartile range

– 78 + 97 + 56 + 84 + 79 + 89 + 65 + 87
13. (a) (i) Min / Mean, x =
8
= 79.38

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 78 + 97 + 56 + 84 + 79 + 89 + 65 + 87 – 79.382
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8
= 12.41
– 78 + 97 + 56 + 84 + 79 + 89 + 65 + 87 + 11
(ii) Min / Mean, x =
9
= 71.78

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 78 + 97 + 56 + 84 + 79 + 89 + 65 + 87 + 11 – 71.782
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

9
= 24.47
Sisihan piawai baharu lebih besar.
The new standard deviations is larger.
– 53.1 + 62.5 + 79.7 + 82.5 + 94.2

(b) (i) Min / Mean, x =
5
= 74.4

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 53.1 + 62.5 + 79.7 + 82.5 + 94.2 – 74.42
2 2 2 2 2

5
= 14.70
– 53.1 + 62.5 + 79.7 + 82.5 + 94.2 + 12.1

6
= 64.02

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 53.1 + 62.5 + 79.7 + 82.5 + 94.2 + 12.1 – 64.022
2 2 2 2 2 2

6
= 26.81
Sisihan piawai baharu lebih kecil.
The new standard deviations is smaller.
– 7.5 + 5.5 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 1.5

(c) (i) Min / Mean, x =
7
= 4.071

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 7.5 + 5.5 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 1.5 – 4.0712
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

7
= 1.917
– 7.5 + 5.5 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 1.5 + 98.2

8
= 15.84

Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation = 7.5 + 5.5 + 4.5 + 4.5 + 2.5 + 2.5 + 1.5 + 98.2 – 15.842
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

8
= 31.18
Sisihan piawai baharu lebih besar.
The new standard deviations is larger.

– 19 + 58 + 87 + 66 + 60 + 53
14. (a) (i) Min / Mean, x =
6
= 57.17

= 19 + 58 + 87 + 66 + 60 + 53 – 57.172
2 2 2 2 2 2

6
= 20.20
(ii) 20.20 ÷ 2 = 10.1
–
(b) (i) Min / Mean, x
= 3.0 + 4.2 + 1.2 + 5.2 + 1.2 + 5.5 + 5.0
7
= 3.614

3.0 + 4.2 + 1.2 + 5.2 + 1.2 + 5.5 + 5.0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= – 3.614 2
7
= 1.706
(ii) 1.706 × 7.5 = 12.80
–
(c) (i) Min / Mean, x
= 10 + 13 + 18 + 20 + 22 + 24 + 27
7
= 19.14

10 + 13 + 18 + 20 + 22 + 24 + 27
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= – 19.14 2
7
= 5.576
(ii) 5.576 × 5 = 27.88
15. (a) Julat baharu / New range 16. (a) Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 1.1 × 5 = 5.5 = 19 × 2 = 38
Varians baharu / New variance Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
= 0.145 × 52 = 3.625 = 149.97 × 2 = 299.94
(b) Julat baharu / New range (b) Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 50 ÷ 2 = 25 = 9 ÷ 2 = 4.5
= 241.96 ÷ 22 = 60.49 = 41.36 ÷ 2 = 20.68
(c) Julat baharu / New range (c) Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
= 0.011 ÷ 0.1 = 0.11 = 13 ÷ 5 = 2.6
= 0.000011 ÷ 0.12 = 0.0011 = 58.73 ÷ 5 = 11.75

17. (a) Penulis X / Writer X

Min / Mean, x =– 35 + 38 + 35 + 36 + 38 + 37 + 40 + 38
8
= 37.13

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

8
= 1.496
Penulis Y / Writer Y
– 48 + 45 + 40 + 42 + 38 + 41 + 47 + 37
Min / Mean, x =
8
= 42.25

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

8
= 3.8
Penulis X lebih pantas kerana sisihan piawainya adalah lebih kecil.
Writer X is faster because its standard deviation is smaller.
18. (a) (i) Kelas A / Class A

σ =  122.10
= 11.05
Kelas B / Class B
σ = 
93.90
= 9.69
(ii) Kelas A / Class A Kelas B / Class B
Σx2 – 2 Σx2 – 2
σ2 = − x σ2 = − x
N N
Σx2 Σx2
122.10 = − 73.12 93.90 = − 77.42
10 10
Σx2 = 54 657.10 Σx2 = 60 846.60
–x = Σx –x =
Σx
N N
Σx Σx
73.1 = 77.4 =
10 10
Σx = 731 Σx = 774
Jumlah / Total Σx = 731 + 774
= 1 505
Jumlah / Total Σx2 = 54 657.10 + 60 846.60
= 115 503.70
1 505
Min / Mean, –x = = 75.25
20

σ = 115 503.70 – 75.252
20
=  112.6225
= 10.61

(b) (i) 73 − J = 39
J = 34
M − 40 = 14
M = 54
34 + 37 + 40 + 40 + 40 + 40 + 43 + 44 + 54 + 59 + 73
(ii) –x = = 45.82
11
σ2 = 34 + 37 + 40 + 40 + 40 + 40 + 43 + 44 + 54 + 59 + 73 – 45.822
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
11
= 121.982
σ = 
121.982
= 11.04
Σx Σx
(c) (i) –x = (ii) –x =
N N
Σx 14
4 = 3.5 =
10 N
Σx = 40 N = 4
 
σ = 54 – 3.52
2
σ = Σx – –x 2
N 4
= 1.118

2
2.14 = Σx – 42
10
Σx2 = 205.796
(d) (i) Zue Wan
57 + 78 + 86 + 44 65 + 45 + 78 + 77
= =
4 4
= 66.25 = 66.25
(ii) Sisihan piawai digunakan untuk perbandingan dua set data.
Standard deviations is used in comparing two set of data
(iii) Zue Wan

σ = 57 + 78 + 86 + 44 – 66.252 
σ = 65 + 45 + 78 + 77 – 66.252
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

4 4
= 16.65 = 13.29
Nilai sisihan piawai Wan yang lebih kecil menunjukkan prestasi Wan dalam peperiksaan tersebut
adalah lebih baik.
The smaller value of Wan’s standard deviations shows that Wan is doing better in the examination.
Kuasai SPM 2 MODUL SPM

Julat / Range Kertas 1
Nawi = 85 − 38
= 47 1. Julat / Range
= 51 – 6
Adam = 68 − 53
= 45
= 15
Julat markah Nawi yang lebih besar menunjukkan
3.2 + 3.2
markahnya berserakan jauh antara mata pelajaran. 2. Q1 = = 3.2
2
Dia lebih mahir dalam mata pelajaran tertentu seperti
Matematik dan lemah dalam Bahasa Inggeris. Adam Jawapan / Answer : A
pula lebih sederhana dan seimbang dalam semua
mata pelajaran.
Nawi’s larger range of marks shows that his marks are widely dispersed
between subject. He is more proficient in certain subject such as
Mathematics and weak in English. While Adam is more moderate and
balanced in all subject.

3. Katakan n ialah bilangan data. (b) Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range
Let n be the number of data. = 8.5 − 3
Hasil tambah / Sum = 5.5
Min / Mean =
n
n =
752
=16 (c) (i) Min / Mean, –x
47 3(2) + 3(3)+ 2(5)+ 1(6)+ 3(7)+
Jawapan / Answer : D = 3(8)+ 2(9)+ 4(10)
21
2(2) + 4K + 6(8) + 4K(5) + 10(3)
4. –x = = 6.5 = 6.381
2+K+8+5+3
4 + 4K + 48 + 20K + 30 3(2)2 + 3(3)2 + 2(5)2 + 1(6)2
= 6.5
K + 18 + 3(7)2 + 3(8)2 + 2(9)2 + 4(10)2
24K + 82 (ii) = – 6.3812
= 6.5 21
K + 18 = 8.140
24K + 82 = 6.5(K + 18)
24K + 82 = 6.5K + 117 Σx 66
2. (a) –x = = = 4.714
17.5K = 35 N 14
K = 2

2
σ = Σx – –x 2
J = 4K N
= 4(2)
= 8 14 
= 404 – 4.7142
= 2.576
5. Min asal / Original mean (b) –x =
Σx
1 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 6 + 7 + 7 + 10 40 N
= = =5 Σx
8 8 4.6 =
15
Sisihan piawai asal / Original standard deviation
Σx = 69

= 1 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 6 + 7 + 7 + 10 – 52
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8 Nombor baharu / New number

= 69 − 66
= 7.75 =3
= 2.784
Min baharu / New mean
Min baharu / New mean 69
= = 4.6
1 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 6 + 7 + 7 30 15
= =
8 7
Beza min / Difference of mean
Sisihan piawai baru / New standard deviation = 4.714 − 4.6
= 0.114

= 1 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 6 + 7 + 7 –
30 2
 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
57
7 7 =
500
= 4.7755
3. (a) Julat / Range = 5 × 9 = 45
= 2.185
Beza / Difference = 5 × 5 = 25
= 2.784 − 2.185 Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
= 0.599 = 5 × 2.97 = 14.85
Jawapan / Answer : A Varians / Variance = 52 × 8.82 =220.5
6. Jawapan / Answer : B (b) Julat / Range = 9
Kertas 2 =5
1. (a) Q1 = 3 = 2.97
8+9
Q3 = Varians / Variance = 8.82
2
= 8.5

9 (b) Tiada perubahan. penambahan dan

(c) Julat / Range == 4.5
2 penolakan ke atas setiap cerapan dalam satu
Julat antara kuartil / Interquartile range set data tidak menyebabkan perubahan nilai
5 sukatan serakan.
= = 2.5
2 Remain unchanged. Addition and subtraction in each
Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation value of the data will not change the value of measure
2.97 of dispersion.
= = 1.485
2 (c) Nilai julat yang besar iaitu 84 menunjukkan
8.82
Varians / Variance = = 4.41 markah ujian Bahasa Inggeris mempunyai
2
serakan yang besar.
4. (a) (i) 9 − 2 = 7 The large value of the range, 84 shows that the mark of
2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5 , 5, 6, 6 , 6, 9, 9 English test have large dispersion.
Q2 FOKUS KBAT

(ii) 5
(iii) 6 − 4 = 2 (a) Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation
69 + x
(b) (i) 5.429 = (b) Katakan x = Markah yang diperoleh murid A untuk
14
69 + x = 76 set soalan tahun 2020
Let x = The mark obtained by pupil A for the set of 2020
x = 7
Pelajar A / Pupil A
(ii) Nilai julat tidak berubah.
The value of range remain unchanged. x − 18 = 12

x = 30
5. (a) Nilai minimum 12
Minimum value Katakan y = Markah yang diperoleh murid B untuk
Kuartil pertama set soalan tahun 2020
First quartile
19 Let y = The mark obtained by pupil B for the set of 2020
Median 36 Pelajar B / Pupil B

Median y − 17 = 12

Kuartil ketiga 64 y = 29
Third quartile
Nilai maksimum 96
Maximum value

BAB
Kebarangkalian Peristiwa Bergabung
Kuasai SPM 1
9 Probability of Combined Events {(S, A), (S, T) , (S, U) , (A, S) , (A, T) , (A, U) , (T, S) , (T, A) ,
(T, U) , (U, S) , (U, A) , (U, T)}
1. (a) {(A, A), (A, G), (G, A), (G, G)}
(b) {(G, G), (G, B), (G, K), (B, G), (B, B), (B, K), (K, G), 2. (a) Peristiwa tak bersandar
(K, B), (K, K)} Independent events
(c) {(B1, B2), (B1, B3), (B1, P1), (B1, P2), (B2, B1), (B2, B3), (b) Peristiwa bersandar
(B2, P1), (B2, P2), (B3, B1), (B3, B2), (B3, P1), (B3, P2), Dependent events
(P1, B1), (P1, B2), (P1, B3), (P1, P2), (P2, B1), (P2, B2), (c) Peristiwa tak bersandar
(P2, B3), (P2, P1)} Independent events
3. (a) B1 B2 B3 K1 K2 C1 C2 C3 C4
B1 (B1, B1) (B1, B2) (B1, B3) (B1, K1) (B1, K2) (B1, C1) (B1, C2) (B1, C3) (B1, C4)
K1 (K1, B1) (K1, B2) (K1, B3) (K1, K1) (K1, K2) (K1, C1) (K1, C2) (K1, C3) (K1, C4)
K2 (K2, B1) (K2, B2) (K2, B3) (K2, K1) (K2, K2) (K2, C1) (K2, C2) (K2, C3) (K2, C4)
C1 (C1, B1) (C1, B2) (C1, B3) (C1, K1) (C1, K2) (C1, C1) (C1, C2) (C1, C3) (C1, C4)
n(S) = 81 Hukum pendaraban / Multiplication rule
P(mendapat coklat badam dan coklat asli)
P(mendapat coklat badam dan coklat asli) P(getting one almond chocolate and one original chocolate)
P(getting one almond chocolate and one original chocolate)
=
24
81
=  39 × 49  +  39 × 49 
8 12 12
= = +
27 81 81
24
=
81
8
=
27
4. (a) Lambungan kedua Mendapat nombor genap dua kali

Lambungan pertama Second toss Getting even number twice
First toss = {(2, 2)}
2 3 5 7
2 (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 5) (2, 7) n(S) = 4 × 4 =16
P(mendapat nombor genap dua kali)
3 (3, 2) (3, 3) (3, 5) (3, 7) P(getting even number twice)
5 (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 5) (5, 7) 1
=
16
7 (7, 2) (7, 3) (7, 5) (7, 7)

5. (a) Pen pertama Pen kedua Kesudahan

First pen Second pen Outcome
9
23 M (M, M)
10 M
24
14
23 10 H (M, H)
M (H, M)
23
14
24 H
13 H (H, H)
23
P(mendapat dua batang pen berwarna hitam)
P(getting two black pens)
14 13
= ×
24 23
91
=
276
6. (a) (i) P(kedua-dua ahli ialah murid lelaki) 8. (a) (i) ξ J K

P(both members are male) •H •T
15 14 105 •E
= × = L
23 22 253 •A •B
(ii) P(kedua-dua ahli daripada rumah biru)

P(both members are from blue team) (ii) (a) J  K = {}
12 11 33 P(J) + P(K) – P(J  K)
= × = 2
20 19 95 = + 3 – 0
5 5
=1
Kuasai SPM 2 J = {A, E}
K = {B, T, H}
(a) P(kedua-dua ahli ialah murid perempuan)
P(both members are female) J  K = {A, B, E, T, H}
=
8
×
7
=
7 P(J  K) = 5 = 1
16 15 30 5
(b) P(kedua-dua ahli ialah murid tingkatan tiga) Maka, terbukti
P(both members are form three) P(J) + P(K) − P(J  K)
7 6 1 = P(J  K).
= × =
15 14 5 Hence, it is proven that
P(J) + P(K) − P(J  K)
7. (a) P dan Q Peristiwa saling eksklusif = P(J  K).
P and Q Mutually exclusive events (b) J  L = {}
P dan R Peristiwa saling eksklusif P(J) + P(L) – P(J  L)
2
P and R Mutually exclusive events = + 1 – 0
5 5
Q dan R Peristiwa tidak saling eksklusif
Q and R Non-mutually exclusive events = 3
5
(b) S dan T Peristiwa saling eksklusif J = {E, A}
S and T Mutually exclusive events L = {B}
S dan U Peristiwa saling eksklusif J  L = {E, A, B}
S and U Mutually exclusive events P(J  L) = 3
5
T dan U Peristiwa tidak saling eksklusif
T and U Non-mutually exclusive events Maka, terbukti
P(J) + P(L) − P(J  L)
= P(J  L).
Hence, it is proven that
P(J) + P(L) − P(J  L)
= P(J  L).

(c) K  L = {B} (c) B  C = {12}

P(K) + P(L) – P(K  L) P(B) + P(C) – P(B  C)
3 4
= + 1 – 1 = + 1 – 1
5 5 5 8 8 8
= 3 = 4 = 1
5 8 2
K = {B, H, T} B = {8, 10, 12, 14}
L = {B} C = {12}
K  L = {B, H, T} B  C = {8, 10, 12, 14}
P(K  L) = 3 P(B  C) = 4 = 1
5 8 2
Maka, terbukti Maka, terbukti
P(K) + P(L) − P(K  L) P(B) + P(C) − P(B  C)
= P(K  L). = P(B  C).
Hence, it is proven that Hence, it is proven that
P(K) + P(L) − P(K  L) P(B) + P(C) − P(B  C)
= P(K  L). = P(B  C).
(b) (i) ξ A B
•14
•8
•9 •13 •10 9. (a) Kad yang berlabel huruf vokal = {U, U, A}
C Cards labelled with vowel = {U, U, A}
•11 •7 •12
Kad yang berlabel huruf “A” = {A}
Cards labelled with “A” = {A}
(ii) (a) A  B = {}
P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B) P(kad yang berlabel huruf vokal atau “A”)
4 P(cards labelled with vowel or “A”)
= + 4 – 0 3 1 4 2
8 8 = + = =
=1 6 6 6 3
A = {7, 9, 11, 13}

B = {8, 10, 12, 14} 10. (a) (i) P(Adam membeli kedua-dua minuman
A  B = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14} tersebut)
P(Adam buys both drinks)
P(A  B) = 8 = 1
8 = 4 × 2 = 8
7 3 21
Maka, terbukti
P(A) + P(B) − P(A  B) P(Adam membeli secawan kopi sahaja)
P(Adam buys a cup of coffee only)
= P(A  B).
Hence, it is proven that = 4 – 8 = 4
P(A) + P(B) − P(A  B) 7 21 21
= P(A  B). P(Adam membeli teh sahaja)
P(Adam buys tea only)
(b) A  C = {}
P(A) + P(C) – P(A  C) = 2 – 8 = 2
3 21 7
4
= + 1 – 0 P(Adam tidak membeli kedua-dua
8 8
minuman)
= 5 P(Adam does not buy both drinks)
8
=1– 4 – 8 – 2
A = {7, 9, 11, 13} 21 21 7
C = {12} = 1
A  C = {7, 9, 11, 12, 13} 7
P(A  C) = 5 ξ K T
8
4 8 2
Maka, terbukti 21 21 7
1
P(A) + P(C) − P(A  C) 7
= P(A  C).
Hence, it is proven that (ii) P(Adam tidak membeli kopi)
P(A) + P(C) − P(A  C) P(Adam does not buy a cup of coffee)
= P(A  C). =1– 4 = 3
7 7

11. (a) Versi fizikal Versi digital Kesudahan

Physical version Digital version Outcome
3
5 D (F, D)
3
F
8
2
3 Dʹ (F, Dʹ)
5
5 D (Fʹ, D)
5
8 Fʹ
2 Dʹ (Fʹ, Dʹ)
5
P(membeli salah satu daripada versi fizikal atau digital) = P(F, Dʹ), P(Fʹ, D)
P(buys either physical or digital version) 3 2 5 3 21
= × + × =
8 5 8 5 40    
Kuasai SPM 3
5 5 25
(a) P(Syahmi menyertai pertandingan catur dan periuk solar) = × =
P(Syahmi participates in chess and solar pot competition) 7 12 84
5 25 5
P(Syahmi menyertai pertandingan catur sahaja) = – =
P(Syahmi participates in a chess competition only) 7 84 12
5 25 5
P(Syahmi menyertai pertandingan periuk solar sahaja) = – =
P(Syahmi participates in a solar pot competition only) 12 84 42
ξ C S
5 25 5
12 84 42
1
6

5 5 25 5
(b) P(Syahmi menyertai pertandingan catur atau periuk solar) = + – =
P(Syahmi participates in chess or solar pot competition) 7 12 84 6
12. (a) Kad pertama Kad kedua Kesudahan

First card Second card Outcome
2
3 V (V, V)
2 V
3
1
3 V' (V, V')
2
V (V', V)
3
1
3 V'
1 V' (V', V')
3
P(V, V) + P(V, V’) + P(V’, V) =  23 × 23  +  23 × 13  +  13 × 23  = 89
8
n(sekurang-kurangnya satu huruf vokal) = × 90 = 80 kali / times
n(at least one vowel letter) 9

13. (a) Pilihan Pertama / First Choice Pilihan Kedua / Second Choice Kesudahan / Outcome
4 K (K, K)
9 3
9
K C (K, C)
2
5 9
10 5 H (K, H)
K (C, K)
9
3 2
10 9
C C (C, C)
2
9
H (C, H)
5
2 K (H, K)
9 3
10
9
H C (H, C)
1
9 H (H, H)
P(mendapat biskut yang berperisa sama) = 5 × 4 + 3 × 2 + 2 × 1 = 14

     
P(getting biscuits of the same flavour) 10 9 10 9 10 9 45
Kuasai SPM 4
Pilihan Pertama Pilihan Kedua Kesudahan
First Choice Second Choice Outcome
6 S (S, S)
11 2
11 T (S, T)
S
7 3
12 11
C (S, C)
7
S (T, S)
2 11 1
12 11 T
T (T, T)
3
11
7 C (T, C)
3 S (C, S)
12 11 2
11 T (C, T)
C
2
11
C (C, C)
P(mendapat air kotak yang berperisa sama)

P(getting drinks with the same flavour)
= 7 × 6 + 2 × 1 + 3 × 2
     
12 11 12 11 12 11
= 25
66

MODUL SPM 2. P(faktor bagi 8 / factor of 8) =

2
4
1
Kertas 1 P(huruf B / letter B) =
3
1. {(Y, A), (A, Y)} P(faktor bagi 8 dan huruf B) / P(factor of 8 and letter B)
2 1 1
= × =
Jawapan / Answer : C 4 3 6
2. P(mendapat kad huruf vokal) = 2 3. (a) P(Ramy dan Taylor mendaki Bukit Panorama)
P(getting a vowel letter card) 5 P(Ramy and Taylor hike Bukit Panorama)
5 2 1
= × =
P(mendapat kad nombor genap) = 1 8 5 4
P(getting even number card) 4
P(Ramy sahaja pergi mendaki)
P(mendapat kad huruf vokal dan kad nombor P(Only Ramy go hiking)
genap) 5 1 3
= – =
P(getting a vowel letter card and even number card) 8 4 8
= 2 × 1 P(Taylor sahaja pergi mendaki)
5 4 P(Only Taylor go hiking)
= 1 =
2 1
–
10 5 4
Jawapan / Answer : B 3
=
20
3. Jawapan / Answer : A
ξ R T
4. Ruang sampel / Sample space
3 1 3
= {P, P}, {P, A}, {P, D}, {P, U}, {A, P}, {A, D}, {A, A}, {A, U}, 8 4 20
9
{D, P}, {D, A}, {D, D}, {D, U}, {U, P}, {U, A}, {U, D}, 40
{U, U}
(b) P(Ramy atau Taylor mendaki Bukit Panorama)
n(S) = 16 P(Ramy or Taylor hiking Bukit Panorama)
5 2 1
Jawapan / Answer : D = + –
8 5 4
5. Ruang sampel / Sample space 31
=
= {S, A}, {S, G}, {S, U}, {A, S}, {A, G}, {A, U}, {G, S}, {G, A}, 40
{G, U}, {U, S}, {U, A}, {U, G} 4. (a)
n(S) = 12 Kiub Pertama Kiub Kedua Kesudahan
First Cube Second Cube Outcome
Jawapan / Answer : C 14
19 R (R, R)
15
Kertas 2 20 R
5 K (R, K)
15
19
1. Buku Pertama Buku Kedua Kesudahan 5 19 R (K, R)
First Book Second Book Outcome K
20
2 4
M (M, M) K (K, K)
2 5 19
5 M
3 (b) (i) P(kiub pertama pati kurma)
2 K (M, K) P(first cube date extract)
5
5 M (K, M) = P(K, R) + P(K, K)
3
K
5 = 5 × 15 + 5 × 4
   
3 20 19 20 19
K (K, K) 1
5 =
4
P(mendapat kedua-dua buku kerja dari subjek (ii) P(kedua-dua pati kurma)
yang sama) P(both cubes of dates extract)
P(getting both work books from the same subject)
= P(K, K)
=  25 × 25  +  35 × 35  = 5 × 4  
20 19
13
=
25 = 1
19

5. (a) 6. P(dua daripada mereka memilih nasi goreng)

P(two of them choose nasi goreng)
Botol Pertama Botol Kedua Kesudahan
First bottle Second bottle
5
Outcome =  13 × 57 × 56  +  13 × 16 × 27  +  57 × 16 × 23 
K (K, K)
12 4 = 25 + 1 + 5
126 63 63
K 12 B (K, B)
= 37
6 3 126
12 6 M (K, M)
13
4
13 K (B, K) FOKUS KBAT
4
13 13 B (a) P(ketiga-tiga terpilih)
B (B, B) P(all three are chosen)
3 2 4 3
= × ×
13 6 M (B, M) 7 9 10
3 K (M, K) 4
12 =
13 4 105
M 12 B (M, B) (b) Murid yang terpilih ialah sama ada Gybbon dan
2 Luta atau Gybbon dan Saging.
M (M, M) The pupils chosen are either Gybbon and Luta or Gybbon and
12
Saging.
(b) (i) P(kedua-dua botol mempunyai P(G  L)  P(G  S)
perisa yang sama) 4
P(both bottles have the same flavour) 
= G  L – + GS– 4   
105 19
= 6 × 5 + 4 × 4 + 3 × 2
      3 2 4 3 4 4
13 12 13 13 13 12 = 
× –
10 7 105
+ × –  
10 9 105 
55 1
= =
169 7
(ii) P(kedua-dua botol mempunyai
perisa yang berbeza)
P(both bottles have different flavours)
= 6 × 4 + 6 × 3 + 4 × 6
     
13 12 13 12 13 13
4 3 3 6 + 3 × 4
+ × 
13 13
+ ×
13 12  
13 12   
= 114
169

BAB Matematik Pengguna: Pengurusan

10 Kewangan
Consumer Mathematics: Financial Management
1. (a) Membeli komputer riba.

S Buy a laptop.
Menyimpan RM5 setiap hari selama setahun.

M
Save RM5 daily for a year.
A Boleh menyimpan RM5 sehari.

Can saves RM5 daily.
Tidak realistik kerana menyimpan secara konsisten sebanyak RM5 setiap hari selama setahun
R belum dapat mengumpul sebanyak RM3 500.
Not realistic because saving RM5 a day for a year consistently will not save up to RM3 500.
T Satu tahun tidak cukup untuk menyimpan RM3 500 dengan simpanan harian RM5.
A year is not enough to save RM3 500 with the daily savings of RM5.
Matlamat kewangan ini tidak mengikut konsep SMART. / This financial goal is not according to SMART concept.
(b) Membeli tiket pergi dan balik ke Jepun bernilai RM3 500.
S Buy return flight tickets to Japan worth RM3 500.
M Menyimpan 10% daripada RM2 000 setiap bulan selama setahun.

Save 10% of RM2 000 monthly for a year.
A Boleh menyimpan 10% dari pendapatan bulanannya sebanyak RM2 000.

Can save 10% from her monthly income of RM2 000.
Tidak realistik kerana menyimpan secara konsisten sebanyak RM200 sebulan selama setahun
R belum dapat mengumpul sebanyak RM3 500.
Not realistic because saving RM200 per month for a year consistently will not save up to RM3 500.
T Satu tahun tidak cukup untuk menyimpan RM3 500 dengan simpanan bulanan sebanyak RM200.
A year is not enough to save RM3 500 with the monthly savings of RM200.
Matlamat kewangan ini tidak mengikut konsep SMART.

This financial goal is not according to SMART concept.
(c) Mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya RM10 000 dalam tabung kecemasan.

S Have at least RM10 000 in his emergency fund.
M Menyimpan RM375 setiap bulan selama lima tahun.

Save RM375 monthly for five years.
A Boleh menyimpan RM375 dari pendapatan bulanannya sebanyak RM3 750.

Can save RM375 from his monthly salary of RM3 750.
R RM375 ialah 10% daripada pendapatan bulanannya sebanyak RM3 750.

RM375 is 10% of his monthly salary of RM3 750.
T Lima tahun cukup untuk menyimpan RM10 000 dengan simpanan bulanan RM375.
Five years are enough to save RM10 000 with monthly savings of RM375.
Matlamat kewangan ini mengikut konsep SMART.

This financial goal is according to SMART concept.

2. (a) Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total income – Total expenses

= RM2 300 − RM1 450 − RM730
= RM120 (Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow)
Aliran tunai Sally positif. Sally masih mempunyai lebihan wang untuk simpanan, pelaburan dan kecemasan.
Sally’s cash flow is positive. Sally still has exceed income for savings, investment and emergency.
(b) Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total income – Total expenses
= RM4 500 + RM1 500 + RM500 – RM3 400 – RM1 250
= RM1 850 (Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow)
Aliran tunai Wingston positif. Wingston masih mempunyai lebihan wang untuk simpanan, pelaburan dan
kecemasan.
Wingston’s cash flow is positive. Wingston still has exceed income for savings, investment and emergency.
(c) Jumlah pendapatan – Jumlah perbelanjaan / Total income – Total expenses
= RM5 500 + RM11 000 − RM4 650 − RM3 500
= RM8 350 (Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow)
Aliran tunai Siti Hawa positif. Siti Hawa masih mempunyai lebihan wang untuk menyimpan, melabur dan
kecemasan.
Siti Hawa’s cash flow is positive. Siti Hawa still has exceed income for savings, investment and emergency.
3. (a) (i) Matlamat kewangan Asrul tidak dapat dicapai.

Asrul’s financial goal cannot be achieved.
(ii) Aliran tunai positif

Positive cash flow
(iii) Tidak. Ini kerana matlamat jangka masa pendek Asrul tidak boleh dicapai. Pendapatan lebihannya
hanyalah RM175. Asrul masih belum dapat membeli mesin basuh baru yang berharga RM950 dalam
masa sebulan.
No. Because his short term goal is unattainable. His surplus of income for the month is only RM175. Asrul still unable to purchase
a new washing machine worths RM950 in a month.
(b) (i) Matlamat kewangan Teresa tidak dapat dicapai. / Teresa’s financial goal cannot be achieved.
(ii) Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow
(iii) Tidak. Ini kerana matlamat jangka masa pendek Teresa tidak boleh dicapai. Menyimpan RM350
sebulan selama setahun tidak dapat mencapai nilai 10% dari nilai rumah tersebut.
No. Because her short term goal is unattainable. Saving RM350 a month for a year cannot reach 10% of the value of the house.
Wang pendahuluan rumah / The down payment of the house = 10% × RM165 000
= RM16 500
Jumlah simpanan selama setahun / The amount of savings for a year = RM350 × 12
= RM4 200
(c) (i) Matlamat kewangan Nina dapat dicapai. / Nina’s financial goal can be achieved.
(ii) Aliran tunai positif / Positive cash flow
(iii) Ya, Nina menggunakan pendekatan SMART. / Yes, Nina uses SMART approach.
S Membeli komputer riba. / Buy a laptop.
M Menyimpan RM870 sebulan selama tiga bulan. / Save RM870 a month for three months.
A Boleh menyimpan RM870 sebulan daripada pendapatan bulanannya sebanyak RM4 350.
Can save RM870 per month from her monthly income of RM4 350.
R RM870 ialah 20% dari jumlah pendapatannya sebanyak RM4 350.

RM870 is 20% of her total income of RM4 350.
T 3 bulan cukup untuk menyimpan RM2 500 dengan simpanan bulanan RM870.
3 months are enough to save RM2 500 with monthly savings of RM870.

4. (a) (i) Jumlah yang perlu disimpan setiap bulan / The amount to be saved each month
RM1 800
= = RM300
6
Ayu perlu menyimpan sebanyak RM300 sebulan selama enam bulan.
Ayu has to save RM300 per month for six months.
(ii) Lebihan pendapatan / Surplus of income = RM900 − RM100 − RM550 = RM250
Lebihan pendapatan bulanan Ayu sebelum ini ialah RM250. Bagi mengelakkan kekurangan
pendapatan, Ayu perlu mengurangkan perbelanjaan tidak tetap supaya jumlah perbelanjaan
bulanan tidak melebihi RM500. Dia juga boleh menambah jumlah pendapatan bulanannya sekurang-
kurangnya RM50.
Ayu’s previous monthly income surplus is RM250. To avoid deficit income, Ayu needs to decrease her variable expenses so that her
total monthly expenses is not more than RM500. She can also increase her monthly income by at least RM50.
(b) (i) Jumlah wang pendahuluan / Total down payment = 10% × RM95 000 = RM9 500
RM9 500
Jumlah yang perlu disimpan setiap bulan / The amount to be saved each month = = RM791.67
12
Puan Mary perlu menyimpan sebanyak RM791.67 sebulan selama setahun.
Puan Mary has to save RM791.67 per month for a year.
(ii) Lebihan pendapatan / Surplus of income = RM5 698 − RM1 441 − RM2 290 = RM1 967
Lebihan pendapatan bulanan Puan Mary sebelum ini ialah RM1 967. Dia perlu menyimpan sebanyak
RM791.67 sebulan dari lebihan pendapatan bulanan tersebut. Maka, aliran tunai Puan Mary masih
positif dalam tempoh setahun tersebut.
Puan Mary’s previous monthly income surplus was RM1 967. She has to save RM791.67 per month from the monthly income
surplus. Thus, Puan Mary’s cash flow remained positive during the year.
5. (a) (i) Pendapatan lebihan

Surplus of income
= RM5 970 − RM4 545
= RM1 375
Kos untuk memasang pagar
Cost to install fence
= RM11 000
Jumlah yang perlu disimpan setiap bulan
The amount to be saved each month
RM11 000
=
12
= RM916.67
Matlamat jangka masa pendek Encik Roziman boleh dicapai kerana dia hanya perlu menyimpan
RM916.67 dari pendapatan lebihan bulanannya iaitu RM1 375.
Encik Roziman’s short term goal is attainable as he only needs to save RM916.67 from his monthly surplus income of RM1 375.
(ii) Tidak. Encik Roziman mempunyai simpanan, pelaburan dan juga perlindungan insurans, namun
simpanan Encik Roziman kurang 10% dari jumlah pendapatannya.
No. Encik Roziman has savings, investment as well insurance as protection, but his savings is less than 10% from his income.
(iii) Gaji Encik Roziman selepas dipotong
Encik Roziman’s salary after deduction
RM5 970 – (20% × RM5 970)
= RM4 776
Pendapatan lebihan
Surplus of income
= RM4 776 − RM4 545
= RM23
Encik Roziman masih mempunyai pendapatan lebihan sebanyak RM231 dan aliran tunai yang
positif. Namun RM11 000 tidak dapat dicapai dalam masa setahun. Oleh itu matlamat jangka
masa pendek Encik Roziman akan terkesan dan tidak dapat dicapai.
Encik Roziman has surplus of income of RM231 and positive cash flow. However RM11 000 is unattainable to collect within a year.
Encik Roziman’s short term goal is affected and unattainable.

6. (a) (i) Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan / Income and Expenditure RM

Pendapatan bersih / Net Income
Gaji bersih / Net salary 7 640
Pendapatan pasif / Passive income 850
Jumlah pendapatan bulanan / Total monthly income 8 490
Tolak simpanan tetap bulanan / Minus fixed monthly savings 764
(10% daripada pendapatan bulanan / 10% of the monthly income)
Tolak simpanan untuk dana kecemasan / Minus savings for emergency funds 600
Baki pendapatan / Income balance 7 126
Tolak perbelanjaan tetap bulanan / Minus monthly fixed expenses
Ansuran pinjaman rumah / House loan instalment 1 450
Ansuran pinjaman kereta / Car loan instalment 990
Ansuran pinjaman peribadi / Personal loan instalment 550
Premium insurans / Insurance premium 175
Pelaburan tetap / Fixed investment 1 000
Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap bulanan / Total monthly fixed expenses 4 165
Tolak perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan / Minus monthly variable expenses
Perbelanjaan dapur / Groceries 640
Bil utiliti / Utility bills 300
Belanja petrol / Petrol expenses 700
Hobi / Hobby 500
Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan / Total monthly variable expenses 2 140
Pendapatan lebihan / Surplus of income 821
(ii) Encik Am boleh menambah simpanan tetap bulanan atau simpanan untuk dana kecemasan.
Encik Am can increase his monthly fixed savings or savings for emergency funds.
Kuasai SPM 1
(a) Baki pendapatan
Income balance
= Jumlah pendapatan – (perbelanjaan tetap + perbelanjaan tidak tetap)
Total income – (fixed expenses + variable expenses)
= RM6 430 − (RM2 750 + RM2 690)
= RM990
(b) Eusoff masih mempunyai lebihan pendapatan bulanan sebanyak RM990. Oleh itu, pelaburan ini tidak akan
mengganggu matlamat kewangan Eusoff yang sedia ada.
Eusoff still have surplus of income of RM990. Therefore, the investment will not effect his current financial goals.
(c) Pelaburan tersebut adalah suatu bentuk aset. Ini kerana pelaburan amanah saham merupakan pelaburan risiko
rendah yang menambah aliran masuk tunai.
That investment is an asset. This is because the unit trusts investments is a low risk investment that increase the cash flow.
MODUL SPM 4. Aliran tunai / Cash flow

= RM2 765 + RM750 − RM1 320 − RM970
Kertas 1 = RM1 225
Aliran tunai positif
1. Jawapan / Answer : C Positive cash flow
2. Jawapan / Answer : C Jawapan / Answer : A
3. Simpanan tetap bulanan Moon Yee
Moon Yee’s monthly fixed savings
= 10% × RM3 740 = RM374

2. (a)
Kertas 2 Membeli penggoreng udara.
S Buy an air fryer.
1. (a) Menetapkan matlamat kewangan Menyimpan RM80 setiap bulan untuk

Setting financial goals M mencapai matlamat.
Save RM80 every month to achieve the goal.
(b) Menilai kedudukan kewangan
Evaluating financial status Boleh menyimpan RM80 sebulan
(c) Mewujudkan pelan kewangan daripada pendapatan bulanannya
Creating financial plan A sebanyak RM2 000.
(d) Melaksanakan pelan kewangan Can save RM80 per month from his monthly
Carrying out financial plan income of RM2 000.
(e) Mengkaji semula dan menyemak kemajuan RM80 ialah 4% dari jumlah
Reviewing and revising the progress R pendapatannya sebanyak RM2 000.
RM80 is 4% of his total income of RM2 000.
Empat bulan cukup untuk menyimpan
RM320 dengan simpanan bulanan
T RM80.
Four months are enough to save RM320 with
monthly savings of RM80.
(b) pendek / short
3. (a) Aliran tunai positif

Positive cash flow
(b) Ya. Lily berbelanja secara berhemat. Simpanannya juga 10% dari pendapatan bulanannya.
Yes. Lily spend her money wisely. Her savings is 10% from her monthly income.
(c) Cari pendapatan pasif untuk tingkatkan jumlah pendapatan bulanan seperti menjalankan perniagaan
atas talian.
Have a passive income to increase her monthly income such as doing an online business.
4. (a) Pendapatan dan Perbelanjaan / Income and Expenditure RM

Pendapatan bersih / Net income
Gaji bersih / Net salary 2 630
Pendapatan pasif / Passive income 2 800
Jumlah pendapatan bulanan / Total monthly income 5 430
Tolak simpanan tetap bulanan / Minus fixed monthly savings 263
(10% daripada pendapatan bulanan / 10% of the monthly income)
Baki pendapatan / Income balance 5 167
Tolak perbelanjaan tetap bulanan / Minus monthly fixed expenses
Bayaran sewa rumah / House rent 750
Ansuran pinjaman kereta / Car loan instalment 870
Ansuran pinjaman pendidikan / Study loan instalment 200
Premium insurans / Insurance premium 160
Jumlah perbelanjaan tetap bulanan / Total monthly fixed expenses 1 980
Tolak perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan / Minus monthly variable expenses
Perbelanjaan dapur / Groceries 540
Bil utiliti / Utility bills 350
Belanja petrol / Petrol expenses 500
Hobi / Hobby 300
Jumlah perbelanjaan tidak tetap bulanan / Total monthly variable expenses 1 690
Pendapatan lebihan / Surplus of income 1 497
(b) Aliran tunai positif
Positive cash flow
(c) Ya. Izzah berbelanja secara berhemat. Simpanannya juga 10% dari pendapatan bulanan.
Yes. Izzah spend her money wisely. Her savings is 10% from her monthly income.

(d) Pelan kewangan Izzah akan terjejas kerana pendapatan lebihan bulanan terkini belum menyamai atau
melebihi pendapatan aktif.
Izzah monthly financial planning will be affected since her current monthly surplus of income is not yet the same as or more than her
current active income.
FOKUS KBAT
(a) Jumlah perbelanjaan bulanan / Total monthly expenses
= RM70 + RM190 + RM50 + RM70 + RM125 + RM100 + RM200 + RM80 + RM50 + RM150 + RM100 = RM1 185
Pendapatan lebihan / Surplus of income = RM1 250 – RM1 185 = RM65
Harga wang pendahuluan tanah / The price of land’s deposit
= 0.1 × RM60 000 = RM6 000
Jika Harith menyimpan RM65 selama 3 tahun,
If Harith saves RM65 for 3 years,
= RM65 × 3 × 12 = RM2 340
Matlamat Harith adalah tidak realistik. Pendapatan lebihan bulanan Harith ialah RM65. Jika dia menyimpan
RM65 selama tiga tahun, jumlah itu masih belum mencukupi 10% dari RM60 000 iaitu RM6 000.
Harith’s goal is unrealistic. Harith’s monthly surplus income is RM65. If he saves RM65 for three years, the amount is still not achieve 10% of
RM60 000 which is RM6 000.
(b) Harith perlu mencari kerja yang lebih stabil atau menjana pendapatan pasif dengan membuat kerja sambilan
seperti menjalankan perniagaan atas talian.
Harith needs to find a more stable job or generates passive income by doing part-time work such as running an online business.

5 , 0 :
 
3
Pentaksiran Akhir Tahun 3x − y = 5
3 5 − 0 = 5
 
KERTAS 1 3 5 = 5
1. Nombor kuasa dua sempurna ialah 4 dan 9. 0, 5 :

 
Perfect square numbers are 4 and 9. 3
3x − y = 5
Jumlah / Sum = 4 + 9 = 13
3(0) − 5 = 5
5
− ≠ 5
3
2. 
25 + 3
−125 + (−5)2
= 5 + (−5) + 25 Jawapan / Answer : C
= 25 6. Jawapan / Answer : D
Jawapan / Answer : D 7. Jawapan / Answer : B
3. 4 + 3 = 2 + x 8. x = 180° − 82° − 67°
7 = 2 + x = 31°
x = 7 − 2
y = 180°− 67°
x = 5
= 113°
Jawapan / Answer : D x + y = 31° + 113°
4. Lebar / Width = 13 − x = 144°
Perimeter sudut bacaan Jawapan / Answer : C
Perimeter of the reading corner
= (13 − x) + (13 − x) + (2y + 1) + (2y + 1) 9. Set J = {2, 3, 5}
= 2(13 − x) + 2(2y + 1) Subset bagi set J / The subset of set J
Jawapan / Answer : B = { }, {2}, {3}, {5}, {2, 3}, {2, 5}, {3, 5}, {2, 3, 5}
5. (0, 12): Jawapan / Answer : D
3x − y = 5 10. Jawapan / Answer : A
3(0) − 12 = 5
11. (j − 8)(j − 8)
−12 ≠ 5
=j(j − 8) − 8(j − 8)
(4, 7): = j2 − 8j − 8j + 64
3x − y = 5 = j2 − 16j + 64
3(4) − 7 = 5 Jawapan / Answer : A
5 = 5
(12, 0):
3x − y = 5

2 + 62
12. P =
4 2
3(12)− 0 = 5
36 ≠ 5 = 
64
16
(7, 4): = 
4
3x − y = 5 Jawapan / Answer : B
3(7) − 4 = 5
17 ≠ 5

13. Jejari / Radius Masa (minit)

= Diameter ÷ 2 Time (minutes)
5 10 15 20 25 30
= 14 cm ÷ 2
Kekerapan 2 1 3 4 1 2
= 7 cm Frequency
Lilitan / Circumference Kekerapan
= 2 × 22 × 7 Longgokan 2 3 6 10 11 13
7 Cumulative frequency
= 44 cm
Kedudukan 1 – 2 3 4 – 6 7 – 10 11 12 – 13
Jawapan / Answer : A Position
14. Luas permukaan silinder

Surface area of the cylinder Median
2 200 = 2πj2 + 2πjt
2 200 = 2 × 22 × 142 + 2 × 22 × 14 × t
   
7 7 19. Mod digunakan untuk mencari nombor yang
2 200 = 1 232 + 88t paling kerap muncul dalam suatu data.
88t = 968 Mode is used to determine the most frequent number that
t = 968 appears in a set of data.
88
= 11 cm Jawapan / Answer : C
Jawapan / Answer : D 20. P(mendapat rambutan kuning)
P(getting a yellow rambutan)
15. Isi padu silinder / Volume of cylinder 35
=
693 = 22 × j2 × 24.5 50 + 35
7 35
693 = 77j2 =
85
j2 = 9
j = 3 cm = 7
17
Diameter = 3 × 2 Jawapan / Answer : C
= 6 cm 3
21. 121 2
Jawapan / Answer : B 3×
1
2
= 121
16. Jarak sekolah dari rumah Syean 1
×3
The distance of the school from Syean’s house = 121 2
= 50 × 15 = 
121
3
= 750 m
3
17. A y
22. 42 × 16 x = 26
3
B
10
(22)2 × (24) x = 26
12
8 4+
x
J
2 = 26
6
4 4 + 12 = 6
C x
D
2 4x + 12 = 6x
x 2x = 12
–8 –4 0 4 8
x = 6
Jawapan / Answer : D Jawapan / Answer : B
18. 2 + 1 + 3 + 4 + 1 + 2 = 13 3. 2.76 × 106 − 2.0 × 103
2
= 2 758 000
Median = n + 1
2 = 2.758 × 106
= 13 +1 Jawapan / Answer : C
2
= 7 (kedudukan ke-7 / 7th position)

29. x = 180° − 2(55°)

4. RM1 500 × 2.5% × 18
2  
12 = 70°
= RM56.25 y = 90°
Jawapan / Answer : B x + y = 70° + 90°
25. Harga beli / Purchase price = 160°
= 5 000 × RM1.50 Jawapan / Answer : B
= RM7 500
30. Pelan ialah unjuran ortogon pada satah
Dividen / Dividend mengufuk.
= 5% × RM7 500 A plan is an orthogonal projection on the horizontal plane.
= RM375
Harga jual / Selling price
31. 345 = (3 × 51) + (4 × 50) = 19
= 5 000 × RM1.45
1102 = (1 × 22) + (1 × 21) = 6
= RM7 250
58 = (5 × 80) = 5
Nilai pulangan pelaburan
Return of investment 19 + 6 − 5 = 20
(Harga Jual − Harga Beli) + Dividen Jawapan / Answer : B
= × 100%
Harga Beli
(Selling price − Purchase price) + Dividend × 100% 2. 4526 = (4 × 62) + (5 × 61) + (2 × 60)
3

Purchase price = 144 + 30 + 2
= 176
= (RM7 250 − RM7 500) + RM375 × 100%
RM7 500 2 1 7 6
= 1.67%
2 8 8 – 0
Nilai pulangan pelaburan ini menguntungkan 2 4 4 – 0
iaitu sebanyak 1.67% 2 2 2 – 0
The return on investment is beneficial at 1.67%.
2 1 1 – 0
Jawapan / Answer : A 2 5 – 1
26. Katakan x ialah jarak antara Hiroshima dengan 2 2 – 1
Osaka di atas peta. 2 1 – 0
Let x is the distance between Hiroshima and Osaka on the map.
0 – 1
= 330 ÷ 30
= 11
176 = 101100002
27. tan θ = KL 33. 4x + 3 + x = 33
JK
s 5x + 3 = 33
= 2 5x = 33 − 3
12 3
3s = 24 5x = 30
s = 8 x = 6
Jawapan / Answer : C Set K = 3 + x
=3+6
28. 91°  123°  180° = 9
123° terletak dalam sukuan II. Bilangan murid yang memakai jam tangan
123° lies on quadrant II. Number of pupils who wear watch
Jawapan / Answer : B = 9

34. P Q KERTAS 2
1 2 3 Bahagian A
5 1. 10 40, 70
4 6
4 4, 7
7
7 1, 7
1, 1
R
GSTK / LCM =10 × 4 × 7
(P  Q  R) = {5} = 280 minit / minutes
(P  Q)ʹ = {7}
12:45 − 280 = 8:05 a.m.
(Q  R)ʹ = {1}
(P  Q  R)  (P  Q)ʹ  (Q  R)ʹ = {1, 5, 7} 2. (a) 3x + 5 = 15.50
Jawapan / Answer : D (b) 3x + 5 = 15.50
3x = 10.50
35. Jawapan / Answer : C
x = 3.50
36. Jawapan / Answer : C
Harga sebotol air ialah RM3.50.
The price of a bottle of water is RM3.50.
37. x y 5y = x + 25
5(20) = 0 + 25 3. P
A 0 20 K
100 ≠ 25
27 5 27 = 2 + 25
  Q J
B 2 5
5
27 = 27
5(2) = 27 + 25
27 5
C 2
5 10 ≠ 30 2
5
22
5(0) = 20 + 25 4. (a) 2πj = 2 × × 11
D 20 0 7
0 ≠ 45 1
= 69 cm
38. Min / Mean 22
(b) πj2 = × 112
7
= 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 8 + x + 13 + 18
2
= 380 cm2
12 7
= 7 1
5. (a)
3 C ! C, C
B ! C, B
77 + x = 7 1 C
12 3 V ! C, V
77+ x = 88 M ! C, M
x = 88 − 77 (b) (i) J = {(C, B),(C, V),(C, M)}
x = 11 (ii) K = {(C, V)}
Jawapan / Answer : C 3
  
3
9 2 9
39. Sisihan piawai / Standard deviation 6. (a) =
25 25
3 3
= 1.288
= 1.135
=
5  
27
Jawapan / Answer : A =
125
40. Aliran Tunai / Cash flow 1 2
64 × 38 
2
2 3 
= RM7 700 – RM3 150 – RM2 740 (b) 64 × 8 =
= RM1 810 4 2 2
= 23
× 22
Aliran Tunai Positif 22

Positive cash flow
=2 3+2–2
Jawapan / Answer : C =8

7. (a) Jumlah bayaran secara ansuran (b) 195 + 95 + 50 = 340

Total payment by instalment
= RM85 × 24 2 340 – 0
= RM2 040 2 170 – 0
2 85 – 1
Maka, pembelian secara tunai lebih
2 42 – 0
menjimatkan kerana jumlah pembayaran
2 21 – 1
secara ansuran adalah RM290 lebih mahal
daripada pembelian secara tunai. 2 10 – 0
Therefore, the purchase with cash is more beneficial 2 5 – 1
because the total payment by instalment is RM290 2 2 – 0
higher than the purchase with cash. 1 – 1
(b) Kadar faedah / Interest rate 340 = 1010101002
= RM290 × 100% × 1
RM1 750 2 9. (a) Pernyataan / Statement
= 8.29% (b) Implikasi 1 : Jika P + Q  0, maka P dan Q
8. (a) 5236 = (5 × 6 ) + (2 × 6 ) + (3 × 6 )
2 1 0 ialah nombor positif.
Implication 1 : If P + Q  0, then P and Q are positive
= 180 + 12 + 3 numbers.
= 195
Implikasi 2 : Jika P dan Q ialah nombor
11334 = (1 × 43) + (1 × 42) + (3 × 41) + (3 × 40) positif, maka P + Q  0.
= 64 + 16 + 12 + 3 Implication 2 : If P and Q are positive numbers, then
= 95 P + Q  0.
628 = (6 × 81) + (2 × 80) (c) n3 − n, dengan keadaan n = 1,2,3,…

= 48 + 2 n3 − n, where n = 1,2,3,…
= 50
82 + 73 + 79 + 69 + 69 + 87 + x + 66 = 85 + 72 + 67 + 73 + 80 + 85 + 81 + 65
10. (a)
8 8
525 + x = 608
x = 83
(b) Tidak / No
Bahagian B 12. (a) Transformasi P ialah putaran 90° mengikut

arah jam pada titik (0, 4).
11. (a) Transformation P is 90° rotation clockwise at point (0, 4).
(b) (c)
y
10
18 cm
12 cm 8 cm
8
K J
4
C
(b) Isi padu / Volume = 1 × (18 × 8) × 12 J

3 2
K
= 576 cm3
C
x
–8 –4 0 4 8

13. (a)  x2 + (x + 1)2 = 29 (b) tan ∠JKL =x

x2 + (x + 1)2 = 292 x+1
x2 + x2 + 2x + 1 = 841 tan ∠JKL = 20
2x2 + 2x − 840 = 0 21
x2 + x − 420 = 0 ∠JKL = tan−1 20
21
(x − 20)(x + 21) = 0
x = 20, x = −21 = 43.60°
Maka, x = 20 cm. (c) ∠LJK− ∠JKL

Therefore, x = 20 cm. = 90° − 43.60°
= 46.40°
14. (a) (i) J/A 15 cm M/D
5 cm
K L
2 cm
B C
(ii) K/J 15 cm L/M
5 cm
B/A C/D
(b) Isi padu / Volume = 1 × (5 + 7) × 5 × 15

2
= 450 cm3
15. (a) Katakan L = 5%, M = 10%, N = 15%
Let L = 5%, M = 10%, N = 15%
8 L L, L
18 7
L 18
M L, M
9 3
19 18 N L, N
9 L M, L
18 6
18 M M, M
M
7
19 3
18 N M, N
3 9
L N, L
19 18 7
18
N M N, M
2
18 N N, N
(b) (i) 9 × 8 + 9 × 7 + 9 × 3 + 7 × 9 + 3 × 9 = 14
         
19 18 19 18 19 18 19 18 19 18 19
7 6 7 3 3 7 3 2 5
(ii) 
×
19 18
+ ×
19 18
+  
×
19 18
+  
× =
19 18 19   
(iii) 3 × 9 = 3
19 18 38

16. (a) (i) 5 : 3 : 2 = 4 800

10
= RM480
5 × 480 : 3 × 480 : 2 × 480 = 2 400 : 1 440 : 960
Keperluan / Needs = RM2 400, Kehendak / Wants = RM1 440, Simpanan / Savings = RM960
(ii) 960 × 360° = 72°

4 800
(b) Jumlah faedah / Total interest
= RM960 × 12 × 5 × 4.75%
= RM2 736
Jumlah simpanan selepas 5 tahun / Total saving after 5 years
= RM57 600 + RM2 736
= RM60 336
(c) Specific Matlamat Ahmad jelas untuk membeli rumah berharga RM256 000.
Ahmad’s vision is clear to buy a house cost RM256 000.
Measurable Membayar wang pendahuluan sebanyak RM25 600.
To pay down payment of RM25 600.
Attainable Wang pendahuluan sebanyak RM25 600 boleh dicapai dalam masa kurang tiga tahun.
Down payment of RM25 600 can be achieved in less than three years.
Realistic Wang simpanan melebihi dari jumlah wang pendahuluan.
Savings is more than total of down payments needed.
Time Bound Boleh dicapai dalam tempoh lima tahun tersebut.
Can be achieved in five years.
17. (a) (i) 5 × 5 000 = 50 paket / packets

(ii) 425 = RM8.50
500 50
Harga minimum / Minimum price
= RM8.50 + RM1.70
= RM10.20
(b) (i) x + y  750 (ii) 425 + y  750
y  325
(c) (i) Carta palang berpasangan kerana jenis perwakilan ini lebih sesuai untuk membuat perbandingan
antara dua set data.
Paired bar chart because This type of representation is most suitable to make comparison between two sets of data.
(ii)
200
180
160
140
Bilangan / Number
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Julai Ogos September Oktober November Disember
July August October December
Bulan / Month
Kerepek Pisang Kerepek Ubi
Banana chips Topioca chips

Jawapan Mo MMMMMM

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Jawapan Mo MMMMMM

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BAB

For a graph with shape , p  0. Thus, 0  p  4.

Fungsi satu kepada satu 16x2 + 56x + 49 − 61 = 0

1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

(c) Katakan nombor pertama = x, 11. (a) f(x)

9. (a) Apabila / When x = 8

Thus, x = –5 is a root for 4x + 5x − 75 = 0.

13. (a) V = πj2t

3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 4

(c) Apabila / When x = 7 FOKUS KBAT

5 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

BAB (c) Nombor

Nombor Nilai tempat 54 53 52 51 50

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 6

(g) (3 × 62) + (5 × 61) + (0 × 60)

5. (a) Nilai tempat

7 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

(c) Nilai tempat

6. (a) 3 6 1 Baki / Remainder 7. (a) 2314 = (2 × 42) + (3 × 41) + (1 × 40)

(c) 6 6 1 Baki / Remainder 9 8 9 Baki / Remainder

(d) 8 6 1 Baki / Remainder

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 8

(c) 1110112 = (1 × 25) + (1 × 24) + (1 × 23) 9. (a) 001 011

7 5 9 Baki / Remainder (b) 001 110

(c) Asas 2 1100012

100110112 = 2338 Asas 2 1000110102

9 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

11. (a) 2 7 (b) 12056 + 2446 = 14536

111 010 001 6 5 6 17

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 10

(c) 40359 − 18729 = 20539 MODUL SPM

Nombor Celine mempunyai nilai yang paling 1 0 1 1 0 12

11 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

8. 63 + (5 × 62) + 1 = 1 × 63 + 5 × 62 + 0 × 61 + 1 × 60 (c) 5146 = (5 × 62) + (1 × 61) + (4 × 60)

1. (a) 6718 = (6 × 82) + (7 × 81) + (1 × 80) 3. 5678 = (5 × 82) + (6 × 81) + (7 × 80)

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 12

5. Nombor 3 digit yang terkecil dalam asas lima

Fadil mendapat nilai terbesar manakala Ezra

13 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

BAB (b) 2 minit / minutes = 120 saat / seconds

2. (a) Benar / True 8. (a) Jika ax² + bx + c ialah persamaan kuadratik,

3. (a) {12}  {4, 8, 12, 16} (b) 3

10. (a) Implikasi 1:

11. Akas Songsangan Kontrapositif

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 14

12. (a) Pernyataan Antejadiaan Akibat Nilai kebenaran

Jika 4 dan 7 ialah faktor bagi 28, maka

Jika 4 × 7 = 28, maka 4 dan 7 ialah

Jika 4 dan 7 bukan faktor bagi 28,

Jika 4 × 7 ≠ 28, maka 4 dan 7 bukan

(b) Benar / True Premis 2 : PQR ialah sebuah segi tiga.

15 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

22. Pernyataan Antejadiaan Akibat Nilai kebenaran

Implikasi maka 6 bukan punca bagi (x + 6)(x − 6) = 0. Benar Palsu Palsu

Kuasai SPM 2 C (−2)2 × 4 = 42 (Benar / True)

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 16

(c) (i) Luas kawasan yang tidak berlorek untuk

5. (a) Antejadian / Antecedent: Panjang / Length = x

(b) Kesimpulan / Conclusion: 1 × 22 × 17.52 − 

17 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

BAB 3. (a) Q  R = {13, 17}

M = {1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28} X Y