Pollination &

Fertilisation
Group 2
 01
Pollination
Gib hier einen Untertitel ein, wenn du es brauchst
The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma is
called pollination.
Pollen grain
Pollen grains are made in the anthers of flowers. They contain the male gametes. They are very spiky,
their spikes help them to stick to insect’s bodies.

anthe
r

Pollen grains under microscope.

Transferring pollen grains
- To help the male gametes get close to the female gametes, pollen grains must be carried from the
anthers ( where they are made ) to the stigma of a flower.
- Many flowers are pollinated by insects or birds ( cross pollination ). Some are pollinated by the wind
( self pollination ).

A B C

A & B are self pollination, C is cross pollination

 Self pollination
B
A

The wind blows pollen off the anthers. Just by luck, some of the pollen may land on the stigmas of other flowers.
 Cross pollination

Insects often help with carrying the pollen grains. When the insect comes to a flower to collect nectar, pollen gets stuck
onto its body. When the insect goes to another flower, some of the pollen rubs off onto the stigma.
 02
Fertilisation
Gib hier einen Untertitel ein, wenn du es brauchst
Fertilisation is the process of combining the
nucleus of male and female gametes.
Fertilisation in a flower
- When a flower has been pollinated, there are pollen grains on its stigma.
- A tube grows out of a pollen grain on the stigma.
- The nucleus of male gamete goes down the tube .
- The male gamete fuses with the females gamete in the ovule.

pollen grain
stigm
a gamete
male
pollen tube

ovar
y gamete
female
Seed formation
- After the male nucleus fuses with the female nucleus inside the ovule, it produces a zygote.
- The zygote starts to divide then produces an embryo plant.
- Finally, the ovule becomes a seed with an embryo plant inside.

embry
o
plant
see
zygot d
e ovul
e
Thank you for
listening