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It is often referred to
as the “Brain of a PC” because all the computations and processing are carried
out directly or indirectly by the processor containing millions of transistors. It is a
single chip that is capable of processing data. In fact, the performance,
capability, and pricing of a computer system are largely determined by the
processor to present in it. It controls all the components in a PC. The primary
functions of a processor are –
1. Fetch –
Every instruction has its own address and is stored in the main memory. The
CPU fetches the address of the instruction which is to be executed from the
program counter in the memory and performs the instruction.
2. Decode –
The instruction that is to be executed is converted into binary code so that
the computer can easily understand it and perform the required function. The
process of conversion is known as decoding.
3. Execute –
The process of performing the required task specified in the instruction is
known as execution The execution of the instruction takes place in the CPU.
4. Write back –
After performing the instruction the CPU store the result in the memory that
process is known as a store or Write back.