MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY (Grouped Data)

1. The following table shows the distribution of marks of some students who took part in science quiz.

Marks Tally Lower Upper Frequency x fx cf

class class
boundary boundary
Lower Upper Total Number of Mean Multiply the Cumulative
mark or mark or Tally Marks Add the lower limit and frequency and Frequency
lower limit upper limit the upper limit, then the mean. Add the
minus 0.5 plus 0.5 divide by 2. succeeding
frequency to
the cumulative
frequency.
56 – 60 //// // 55.5 60.5 7 (56+60)/2 58 406 7
61 – 65 //// // 60.5 65.5 7 (61+65)/2 63 441 14
66 – 70 //// 65.5 70.5 5 (66+70)/2 68 340 19
71 – 75 //// //// 70.5 75.5 10 (71+75)/2 73 730 29
76 – 80 //// 75.5 80.5 5 (76+80)/2 78 390 34
81 – 85 //// 80.5 85.5 5 (81+85)/2 83 415 39
86 – 90 // 85.5 90.5 2 (86+90)/2 88 176 41
91 – 95 /// 90.5 95.5 3 (91+95)/2 93 279 44
96 – 100 /// 95.5 100.5 3 (96+100)/2 98 294 47
N=47 fx=3,471

a. Copy and complete the table

b. Calculate the mean, median, and the mode.
Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]
5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc =75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

2. The length, in mm, of 48 rubber tree leaves are given below.

137 152 127 147 141 157 132 153 166 147 136 134
146 142 162 169 149 135 166 157 141 146 147 148
163 133 148 150 136 127 162 152 143 138 142 153
145 154 144 126 139 126 158 147 136 144 159 161

Copy and complete the following table:

 Lengths ( x mm) Tally Frequency Lower class boundary Upper class boundary x fx cf
125<x≤130 Lower mark or lower Upper mark or upper Mean Multiply the frequency Cumulative Frequency
limit minus 0.5 limit plus 0.5 Add the lower limit and the upper limit, then and the mean. Add the succeeding
divide by 2. frequency to the
cumulative frequency.
130<x≤135 55.5 60.5 (56+60)/2 58 406 7
135<x≤140 60.5 65.5 (61+65)/2 63 441 14
140<x≤145 65.5 70.5 (66+70)/2 68 340 19
145<x≤150 70.5 75.5 (71+75)/2 73 730 29
150<x≤155 75.5 80.5 (76+80)/2 78 390 34
155<x≤160 80.5 85.5 (81+85)/2 83 415 39
160<x≤165 85.5 90.5 (86+90)/2 88 176 41
165<x≤170 90.5 95.5 (91+95)/2 93 279 44
fx=3,471

a. Calculate the mean, median, and the mode.

Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc=75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

3. The waiting times, x minutes, for 60 patients at a certain clinic are as follows:

25 12 53 8 26 5 19 73 67 18 87 42
6 21 14 19 12 15 13 36 36 16 72 36
13 37 11 51 39 32 30 47 6 22 68 25
98 23 45 22 7 9 26 35 27 48 58 56
29 20 32 62 80 41 58 17 54 15 14 74

a. Using the frequency table in exercise 4), calculate the mean, median and the mode.

Mean Median Mode

2
 [ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc=75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

4.
The weights, in kg, of 80 members of a Weight ( x kg) Number of members
sports club were measured and recorded 40< x ≤50 7
as shown in the table. 50< x≤60 10
a. Calculate the mean.
60< x≤70 14
b. Calculate the mode.
c. Calculate the median. 70<x≤80 27
80< x≤90 12
90<x≤100 6
100< x≤110 4

Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc=75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

5. The marks scored in a test by 500 children are given in the following table:

Marks ( x ) Number of children

3
 60< x≤80 81
80< x≤100 103
100<x≤120 127
120<x≤140 99
140<x≤160 90
a. Using an assumed mean of 110, calculate the mean mark.
b. Calculate the mode.
c. Calculate the median.
Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc =75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

6. Thirty bulbs were life-tested and their lifespan to the nearest hour are as follows:

167 171 179 167 171 165 175 179 169 171
177 169 171 177 173 165 175 167 174 177
172 164 175 179 179 174 174 168 171 168

a. Find the mean of lifespan by dividing their sum by 30.

b. Find the mean of lifespan by grouping the lifespan using class intervals 164 – 166, 167 – 169, and so on.
c. Find the mode of lifespan by looking the data.
d. Find the mode of lifespan by grouping data at b).
e. Find the median.
Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5
]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc =75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
4
 i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5

7. In an examination taken by 400 students, the scores were as shown in the following distribution table:

Marks Frequency Find :

1 – 10 8 a. The mode
11 – 20 14 b. The mean
21 – 30 32 c. The median
31 – 40 56
41 – 50 102
51 – 60 80
61 – 70 54
71 – 80 30
81 – 90 16
91 – 100 8

Mean Median Mode

[ ]
∑ f −cf
[ ]
~ D1
~ x = lb mo + i
x= 2 D 1+ D 2
lb mc + i
f mc
~
∑ fx=3,741
N = 47
∑ f = 47 =23.5
2 2 75.5+
x=

[
23.5−34
5 ]
lb mo=75.5
D1=difference of the
~
x = 75.5+ [−5
−5+0 ]5

∑ fx 5
[ ]
frequency of the −5
x= ~
x = 75.5+ 5
[ ]
lb mc=75.5 −10.5 modal class and the −5
N ~
x = 75.5+ 5 class preceding it. ~
3,741 5 x = 75.5+ [ 1 ] 5
x= f mc=5 ~ D 1=5-10 = -5 ~
47 x = 75.5+ [ −2.1 ] 5 x = 75.5+5
~ D2= difference of the ~
x = 79.596 x = 75.5+ [ −10.5 ] x = 80.5
or cf = 34 ~ frequency of the
x = 65 modal class and the
x = 80
i = 61-56 = 5 class succeeding it.
D2= 5-5 = 0
i = 61-56 = 5