DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT-2

1) A germanium photodiode incorporated into an optical fiber receiver working at a

wavelength of 1.55 μm has a dark current of 500 nA at the operating temperature.
When the incident optical power at this wavelength is 10−6 W and the responsivity of
the device is 0.6 A W-1, shot noise dominates in the receiver. Determine the SNR in dB
at the receiver when the post-detection bandwidth is 100 MHz.

2) A germanium APD (with x=1.0) operates at a wavelength of 1.35 μm where its

responsivity is 0.45A W-1. The dark current is 200 nA at the operating temperature of
250K and the device capacitance is 3pF. Determine the maximum possible SNR when
the incident optical power is 8X10-7 W and the post detection bandwidth without
equalisation is 560 MHz.

3) A single-mode fiber has an attenuation of 0.55 dB/km at 1310 nm and 0.28 dB/km at
1550 nm. Compare the effective lengths of this fiber at 1310 and 1550 nm.

4) Consider a 1550-nm optical source that has a 40-MHz linewidth. Suppose we have a
single-mode fiber that has a 72-mm2 effective area and a 0.2-dB/km attenuation at
1550 nm. Assuming that the polarization factor b = 2 and that the Brillouin gain
coefficient is gB = 4 x 10-11 m/W, what is the threshold power for stimulated Brillouin
scattering at 1550 nm for a 40-km link? If the attenuation for this fiber is 0.4 dB/km
at 1310 nm and all other parameters are the same, what is the threshold power for
stimulated Brillouin scattering at 1310 nm?

5) A 1.55 μm continuous-wave signal with 6-dBm power is launched into a fiber with 50
μm2 effective mode area. After what fiber length would the nonlinear phase shift
induced by SPM become 2π? Assume n2 = 2.6 x 10-20 m2/W and neglect fiber losses.

6) A 1.3 μm digital receiver is operating at 100 Mb/s and has an effective noise bandwidth
of 60MHz. The p-i-n photodiode has negligible dark current and 90% quantum
efficiency. The load resistance is 100 Q. and the amplifier noise figure is 3 dB.
Calculate the receiver sensitivity corresponding to a BER of 10-9. How much does it
change if the receiver is designed to operate reliably up to a BER of 10-12?