Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 8

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the pupils will be able to:
 Identify and explain each stage/ phase of mitosis.
 Exhibit willingness to help one another in performing the activities assigned to the group.
 Handle and manipulate the microscope properly.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Mitosis
References: You and the Natural World 8
Materials: Prepared slides/specimen, microscope, instructional materials

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

1. Greetings/Prayer
Good Afternoon, Class! Good Afternoon, Ma’am!
Before anything else, let us first stand up and start
our class with a prayer. (students will stand)
How are you today? Were okay ma’am
Well are you ready to lend your ears for our
discussion today? Yes ma’am.

2. Checking of Attendance
Ms. Secretary who is absent today? None, ma’am

3. Review

Last meeting, we discussed about digestive system.

May I know who can recall what is digestive again? Ma’am, the digestive system is responsible for
the breakdown and absorption of the
nutrients from the food thereby bringing
energy for the body.
Very Good!
The digestive system is composed of the? Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small
intestine, Large intestine, Rectum and the
Anus.
Very Good!

And what are the accessory organ of digestion? Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Salivary glands.

Very Good!
They are responsible for breakdown and
All are which function to do what? absorption of nutrients from food thereby
bringing energy to the body.
Very good!
None ma’am.
So, is there any question regarding our previous
lesson?

4. Motivation

Class, did you know that the biggest organism in the

world is the blue whale which is composed of 100
quadrillion cells?
The human body is composed of approximately 50-
75 trillion cells. While the smallest organism in the
world is amoeba which is composed of only one cell.

Ok class, I want you to look under your chair. You

will see a piece of colored paper. For those who
have the same colored paper, group yourselves.

I will be giving each group a brown envelope. Inside

the envelope are the cutout picture and your task
are to put them together to find out what is the
mystery creature.

Do the activity for 5 minutes.

(after 5 minutes) Group 1: Tiger
Group 1, what is the mystery creature that you have
formed? Group 2: Bird
How about the group 2? Group 3: Eagle
For the group 3, what is the mystery creature? Group 4: Manatee/Dugong
How about the group 4?

5. Lesson Proper

A. Presentation

Our lesson for today is related to the activity we had.

Since these animals are composed of cell. These cells
carry on many functions needed to sustain life. They
grow and divide, thereby producing more cells. This
cell division is referred to as mitosis.

B. Discussion
Who can give an idea of what mitosis is?
Jenny, what is your idea of mitosis?
According to what I have read and my
observations too, mitosis is the division of a
single parent cell into two new daughter cells.

Very Good explanation!

For elaboration, mitosis is a way of dividing the
replicated chromatin into two similar and equal
parts. Each of these parts is passed on two new
nuclei.

Mitosis has 4 stages namely Prophase, Metaphase,

Anaphase, and Telophase.

Look at the first stage which is the prophase. What

did you observe in the illustration?

Ma’am, as what I observed, there is a dense

and dark spot on the cell.

What is happening inside the cell in the ilustration?

Very good! How about the color?

Very Good!

In stage 1, prophase, the chromosomes are thicker

and shorter because of repeated coiling. At this
stage, the chromosomes are double-stranded. Each
strand is called a chromatid. The two chromatids
produced from the one chromosome are still
attached at one point, called the centromere or
kinetochore. The nuclear membrane and nuclei may
still be present.
I will show you a short video clip on prophase.

Let’s proceed to the second stage the metaphase.

Ma’am as what I have observed, the spot

starts to form at the middle of the cell.

What did you observe in the illustration?

Very Good!

In stage 2, metaphase, the spindle is at the center

of the cell where the nucleus used to be. The
nuclear membrane has disappeared. The
chromatids are almost at the middle of the
spindle. Each centromere of the sister chromatids
is attached to a single spindle fiber.
I will show you a short video clip on metaphase.

Let’s proceed to the third stage the anaphase.

 Ma’am as what I have observed, the dense or
dark spot divides into two and it goes on the
What did you observe in the illustration? opposite side of the cell.

Very Good!
In stage 3, anaphase, the centromere initially divides
and the new single-stranded chromosomes move
away from each other toward the opposite poles of
the spindle. These new chromosomes come from
chromatids of double-stranded chromosomes
formed in the prophase and metaphase stages.
I will show you a short video clip on anaphase.

Finally, let’s proceed to the fourth stage, the

telophase.

Ma’am as what I observed, the dense spot is

What did you observe in the illustration? at both ends and is already dividing into two
new cells.

Very good!

In stage 4, telophase, the chromosomes are now at

opposite poles of the spindle. They have started to
uncoil and become indistinct under the light
microscope. A new nuclear membrane may have
formed around them. The spindle may have
disappeared.
I will show you a short video clip on telophase.

6. Generalization
Can you tell me again the meaning of mitosis?
Ma’am, mitosis is a way of dividing the
replicated chromatin into two similar and
equal parts. Each of these parts is passed on
two new nuclei.

Very good!
Ma’am, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
What are the four phases of mitosis?
Very good!
Can you differentiate the prophase?
telophase.
Ma’am, the chromosomes are thicker and
shorter because of repeated coiling. At this
stage, the chromosomes are double-stranded.
Each strand is called a chromatid.

Very good! Ma’am, metaphase, the spindle is at the

How about the metaphase? center of the cell where the nucleus used to
be. The nuclear membrane has disappeared.
The chromatids are almost at the middle of
the spindle.

Very good!
Ma’am, anaphase, the centromere initially
How about the anaphase? divides and the new single-stranded
chromosomes move away from each other
toward the opposite poles of the spindle.

Very good! Ma’am, telophase, the chromosomes are now

And the last one telophase? at opposite poles of the spindle. They have
started to uncoil and become indistinct under
the light microscope. A new nuclear
membrane may have formed around them.
The spindle may have disappeared.

Very good!

Is there any question regarding our topic for this

morning?

7. Application

Again, group yourselves with the same group you

have on the first activity. `
Cells do not divide at the same time. Thus, in the
slide, you will find cells at different stages of
mitosis. With the LPO, located and study the cells at
these stages. Then switch to the HPO to study the
nucleus in detail. Answer also the questions given in
your worksheets.
Observing Mitosis
Materials: prepared slides of the onion root tip
microscope
1. Study the different stages of mitosis in onion root
 tip in the figure below.
Q1. What happens to the structures in the nucleus
in each stage?
Q2. What happens to the cytoplasm?
Q3. What happens to cell wall?
2. Observe these stages in a prepared slide of onion
root tip cells under the low power objective (LPO),
then in high power objective (HPO).
For the group 1, report your findings about
Prophase base on what you have observed under
the microscope.
For the group 2, report your findings about
Metaphase base on what you have observed under
the microscope.
For the group 3, report your findings about
Anaphase base on what you have observed under
the microscope.
For the group 4, report your findings about
Telophase base on what you have observed under
the microscope.

IV. Evaluation

Identification: Identify what is being asked in the following sentences.

1. ________The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism is a/an.

2. ________ These structures become tightly packed during cell division. They contain DNA.
3. ________ The stage in mitosis in which chromosomes replicate themselves.
4. ________ The stage in mitosis that result in two new daughter cells being formed.
5. ________ The cell elongates and the chromosomes move toward the poles.
6. ________ The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
7. ________ The process where a pair of chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material.
8. ________ It is the name of the plane marked by the dotted line?
9. ________ What important events occurs to chromosomes during interphase?
10. ________What important events occur during interphase?
V. Assignment
Draw the four phases of Mitosis. Use the circle below and indicate what phases it is.

____________ _____________

_____________ ______________

Prepared by:
Liza V. Villamin