GPS Khurmatang Bara

EDF Report Reconstruction of Government Primary School Khurmatang at Tribal District Khyber
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................1

A. Introduction........................................................................................................................................................1
B. Policy Legal and Administration Framework:........................................................................................................1
C. Location of the proposed project.........................................................................................................................2
D. Schedule for Implementation of the proposed project: ........................................................................................2
E. Cost of the project: .............................................................................................................................................2
i. Activities, Screening Results & Recommended Determination ..............................................................................8
ii. Summary of Recommended Determination check all that apply) ..........................................................................9
iv. Applicable Codes & Standards ........................................................................................................................... 11
1. Project Background ........................................................................................................................................... 12
1.1 Project Description ........................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 Project Details .................................................................................................................................................. 13
1.3 Design Features ................................................................................................................................................ 13
1.4 Activities Based Impacts and Mitigation Measures ............................................................................................. 16
2. Project Baseline (Environmental and Social) ...................................................................................................... 20
2.1 Physical Baseline of the project area.................................................................................................................. 20
2.2 Biological Environment ..................................................................................................................................... 21
2.3 Social Environment ........................................................................................................................................... 24
3 Assessment of Environmental & Social Impacts ................................................................................................. 26
3.1 Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
3.2 Responsible parties ........................................................................................................................................... 26
3.3 Other Information............................................................................................................................................. 26
3.4 Environmental Mitigation & Monitoring Plan (EMMP) ....................................................................................... 27
ANNEXURES ............................................................................................................................................................. 43
Annexure I: Acceptance of Responsibility for Ongoing Maintenance & Operations ..................................................... 43
Annexure II: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Field Report .......................................................................... 44
Annexure III: Termiticide Application Instructions...................................................................................................... 45
Annexure IV: Control Card for Termiticide Use .......................................................................................................... 46
Annexure V: Photographs ......................................................................................................................................... 47
List of FIGURES
Figure 1:Location Map…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..………….3
Figure 2: Implementation Schedule...………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………..4
Figure 3: External Master Plan………………...………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………5
List of TABLES
Table 1: Technical Details of the proposed project…...………………………………………..…………………………………………………….11
Table 2: List of common trees, Herbs and shrubs found in the project area…………………………..………………………………….20
Table 3: List of mammals reported in the project area……………………………………………..………….……………………………………21
Table 4: Educational Facilities in the project area………………………………………………………………………………………………………23
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EDF Report Reconstruction of GPS Khurmatang at Tribal District Khyber
ACRONYMS
Abbreviation Meaning
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
Dept. Department
EDF Environmental Documentation Form
EIA Environmental Impacts Assessment
EMMP Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
FIP FATA Infrastructure Program
GPS Government Primary School
GGPS Government Girls Primary School
HSE Health Safety and Environment
IEE Initial Environmental Examination
KM Kilometer
M Meter
P&D Planning and Development
PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act
PERSUAP Pesticide Evaluation Reports & Safe Use Action Plan
PPE Personnel (or Personal) Protection Equipment
PMU Project Management Unit
SDU Sustainable Development Unit
TORs Term of References
USAID COR USAID Contracting Officer Representative
USEPA US Environmental Protection Agency
USG Standards US Government Standards
WHO World Health Organization
W&SD Works & Services Department
DEFINITIONS
Assessment Report Initial Elaborated Assessment Report Reconstruction of Government Primary
School under the Fata Infrastructure Program.
BEO Bureau Environmental Officer; an authorized officer of USAID in decision
making on the use of insecticide, termiticide, chemicals, PPEs etc, as per
environmental approvals during construction activities.
CYPER TC A brand of US made termiticide.
Khel Sub-tribe or clan or sometimes used as clan/ sub clan name for village where a
dominant sub tribe / clan or sub-clan lives as Khandan Awal ~ first family (as
aborigines).
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) is a document that contains information on the
potential health effects of exposure to chemicals, or other potentially
dangerous substances, and on safe working procedures when handling
chemical products.
Nullah Locally used name for small streams and channels of water in Pakistan. It is
also known as ‘Khwarh’ in Pashto language.
PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a group of organic compounds used in the
manufacture of plastics, as lubricants, and dielectric fluids in transformers, in
protective coating for wood, metal and concrete, and in adhesives, wire coating
and so forth.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A. Introduction
Tribal Districts suffered heavy losses in the war against terrorism and counter terrorism military
operations during the past decade. The militants mainly targeted destruction of infrastructure
particularly educational institutions as an effective tool to bring the government to its knees,
while reversing the process of education in the mountainous regions of the Tribal Districts.
The US Govt. through its implementing agency USAID has committed US$ 94.84 Million grant
assistance for FATA Infrastructure Program (FIP) to facilitate rehabilitation and reconstruction
of damaged facilities in the sectors of education health, road, bridges, irrigation and water
supply schemes in Merged Areas. Tribal District Khyber is one of the main areas hard hit by
militancy and also suffered during military operation, as a result of which the socio-economic
setup and life fabric of the communities disrupted and a number of infrastructures were badly
damaged.
In education sector 15 damaged schools in Tribal District Khyber have been proposed for
reconstruction. In these 15 proposed schools, there are 06 schools comprise of GGPS (i.e.
GGPS Younas killi, GGPS Nawab kali kala khel, GGPS Ibrahim Killi Bara, GGPS Alam khel,
GGPS Ghazi Gul Primy, GGPS Latif Killi Bara, subsequently 09 nos. of schools comprise of
GPS (i.e. GPS Alam khel, GPS Mandai Kas, GPS Sher Rahman Alacha, GPS Chora NO 2 ,
GPS Shintang, GPS Allah Dhand, GPS Khyal Bat BZK, GPS Khawangi Bara, GPS
Khurmatang Bara. The project is part of an overall FATA Infrastructure program.
The project aimed to provide education to the target population both in terms of required
building and facilities.
The execution of the project will be carried out by PMU-FIP at Tribal District level. PD Project
Management Unit FATA Infrastructure Project has also engaged M/S NESPAK as its
consultant for the design and construction supervision of the project.
B. Policy Legal and Administration Framework:
The Government of Pakistan has formulated and proclaimed a comprehensive policy and legal
framework for environmental assessment and protection. The main provisions for
environmental protection and pollution control in Pakistan are proclaimed in the Pakistan
Environmental Protection Act (PEPA), 1997, which empowers the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Government to frame regulations for the protection of the environment under the Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa Environmental Protection Act 2014.
This document contains the Environmental Mitigation Measures assessed by the team of
experts who collected primary and secondary data from the site and made desk analysis. The
relevant environment specialist prepared the EDF in hand to ensure adherence to the
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rules/regulations prescribed by the relevant Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Environmental Protection

Act 2014 and USAID 22 CFR 216.3 rules and regulation requirements during execution.
Assessment of site specific environment during preconstruction phase will ensure and highlight
positive and negative impacts for the monitoring and implementation process during
construction stage.
C. Location of the proposed project
Location map of the proposed school (i.e. Reconstruction of GPS Khurmatang) in Tribal
District Khyber as Fig. 1
D. Schedule for Implementation of the proposed project:
The proposed project construction will take six months for Design and one year for
Construction Execution. The details of the timing for the key stages in the construction of the
proposed project are given in Implementation schedule as Fig. 2.
E. Cost of the project:
The Total estimated cost of the proposed project for reconstruction of GPS Khurmatang is
PKR 27.848 Millions.
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Figure 1: Location Map of Government Primary School Khurmatang
3
Figure 2: Design Phase
4
Fig no. 2A. Construction Supervision
5
Fig. 02B Construction Supervision
6
Figure 3: Master Plan of GPS Khurmatang
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i. Activities, Screening Results & Recommended Determination
TABLE -1 Screening result Recommended
(Step 3 of Determination
instruction)
(Step 6 of instructions
Complete for all
moderate and high-risk
Proposed Sub- activities activities)
Significant Adverse
Significant adverse
Adverse impact
Moderate Risk
Very Low Risk
With specified
No significant
mitigation, no
High Risk
impact
Design and planning √ √
Site clearing – cutting of existing trees at site √ √
Demolition/ De structuring √ √
Exhaust and dust emissions from construction

√ √
activities
Site drainage and disturbance to utilities √ √
Material and resources √ √
Drinking water quality testing √ √
Waste water from project activities √ √
Increase in traffic due to contractor activities and

√ √
traffic circulation
Noise due to project construction activities √ √
Leakages and spills of chemicals and fuel √ √
Electrical and mechanical installation and fixation √ √
Use of paints √ √
Handling/ use of asbestos √ √
Use of pesticide for termite treatment of building √ √
Precautionary measures for COVID 19 √ √
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ii. Summary of Recommended Determination check all that apply)
(Equivalent regulation 216.3

The activities contain
terminology)
Very low risk sub-activities Categorical exclusion(s)
After environmental review, sub activities determined

Negative determination(s)
to have no significant adverse Impacts
After environmental review, sub activities determined

Negative determination(s) with
to have no significant adverse impacts, given
√ condition
appropriate mitigation and monitoring
After environmental review, sub-activities determined

Positive determination(s)
to have signification adverse impact
9
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iii. Applicable Codes & Standards

Structure
 Specifications for materials will generally follow the standard specifications of the
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the applicable British
Standards.
 Field and laboratory testing procedures for materials will follow standard
ASTM/BS specifications.
 SP-2007: Building Code of Pakistan (Seismic Provisions-2007).
 ACI 318-08: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, by American
Concrete Institute (ACI); 1997 Uniform Building Code by the International
Conference of Building Officials.
 CRSI Design Handbook by Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI).
 ASCE/SEI 7-05: Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
 ASCE/SEI 24-05: Flood Resistant Design and Construction.
 FEMA Technical Bulletin 7-93: Wet Flood-proofing Requirements.
 FEMA Technical Bulletin 2-93: Flood-resistant Materials Requirements.
 PCI Design Handbook – Precast and Pre-Stressed Concrete
 MSJC-08: Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures.
Electrical:
 Lighting: IESNA/CIBSE
 Emergency & Escape lighting: NFPA 101
 Fire Alarm systems in Building: NFPA 101, NFPA 72
 Lightning Protection: BS EN 62305
 Grounding & Bonding: BS7671
 Voice & Data: ANSI/TIA/EIA
 Load Assessment: BS 7671 (IEE Wiring Regulations, 17TH Edition)
Plumbing:
 The Building Code of Pakistan

 World Health Organization (WHO) Technical Notes
 WHO standard documents on water and sanitation
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1. Project Background
The United States Government, through its implementing Agency USAID has committed grant
assistance under FATA Infrastructure Program (FIP) for restoration of damaged infrastructures
in conflict affected merged areas. The program includes reconstruction / rehabilitation of large
number of damaged facilities in 5 Tribal Districts and 02 Frontier regions; in multiple sectors of
education, effected during past militancy conflict in Merged Areas. M/S NESPAK under
consultancy agreement has been mandated to provide engineering services for damages
assessment, design and tendering & construction supervision for the infrastructures.
Project Management Unit Fata Infrastructure Program Sustainable Development Unit (SDU)
Planning & Development Department Civil Secretariat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has planned to
undertake various projects of education, roads, health, drinking water supplies, Irrigation,
livestock, agriculture and power sector under FATA Infrastructure Program (FIP) in merged
areas and sub-divisions. In education sector 15 damaged schools in Tribal District Khyber
have been prioritized to be reconstructed under this program. This EDF is prepared for GPS
Khurmatang.
Project Objectives:
The objectives of the project are as follows,
1. To strengthen the capacity of the Education Directorate Merged Areas to ensure

effective and efficient service delivery.
2. To reconstruct/rehabilitate educational institutions to promote education at Primary to
Higher Secondary level.
3. To provide facilities at the door step to people of the proposed project area so that they
do not remain in isolation from their fundamental rights. The project would ensure service
delivery and better education facilities.
1.1 Project Description
As a result of decade’s long conflict in the merged areas, large number of public infrastructure
are lying either damaged or did not receive due attention on part of the relevant rehabilitating
agencies. The proposed project is taken in hand by the Government on priority soon after
receipt of the indicated grant assistance provided by USAID for FATA Infrastructure Program.
Tribal District Khyber is one of the main areas hard hit by militancy and also suffered during
military operation, as a result of which the socio-economic setup and life fabric of the
communities disrupted and a numbers of infrastructure including GPS Khurmatang is Badly
Damaged.
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1.2 Project Details
Government Primary School GPS Khurmatang Bara will be reconstructed in existing premises
therefore no extra land acquisition is envisaged.
Due to conflict in tribal district Khyber, students were deprived for longer period from
education. Serious setback to education infrastructure left the tribal youth more vulnerable
toward exploitation by terrorist elements. To meet this challenge, damaged education
infrastructure in terrorism affected areas need to be rehabilitated so that social cohesion and
tolerance can be brought in youth’s minds by restoring peace through education.
The project has significant positive impacts leading to socio-economic uplift of the locals. Some
minor negative environmental impacts are also expected during execution which can be
controlled with effective mitigation measures. Over all, the project is environment friendly.
The technical details of the proposed works for Government Primary School are discussed as
under: Table 1.
S/No. Description Size
1 Class Room As per approved drawings
2 H/teacher office with attach bath & store As per approved drawings
3 Verandah As per approved drawings
4 Compound Wall As per site
5 Developmental work As per requirement
6 Latrine Block As per approved drawings
1.3 Design Features
The school building is single and double story if some where required. Orientation and layout
of school buildings has been designed as per site/ space availability. Building structures are
comprised of RCC frame with brick masonry in-fill walls. Three dimensional formulation of the
buildings carried out using frame and shell elements. Different software’s used have inbuilt
features to include self and seismic loading. These software’s also have the features to
produce reinforcement details for beams, columns and check the joints adequacy based on the
specified codes ACI/UBC/ASCE. Results obtained are standardized and detailing carried out to
meet the symmetric detailing for good construction and to avoid any unforeseen construction
changes and omissions. Therefore it can be summarized that structural integrity, bearing
pressure and lateral resistance to withstand the seismic force (Zone-2B category) for regional
zone is safer as per code requirements and sound engineering practices.
The buildings have been designed keeping in mind the nature and purpose of unit and other
design considerations. The following section enumerates the different considerations that have
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been taken into account during the planning and designing of the buildings. These are
subsequently recommended for implementation during the execution stage.
The factors taken into account while planning and designing the buildings are enumerated
below.
 Environmental Considerations
 Functional Considerations
 Aesthetic Considerations
 Structural Design Considerations
 Cost Effectiveness
 Implementation Stage Considerations
 Sewerage System Considerations
1.3.1 Environmental Considerations
While designing a building one of the main considerations which have to be taken into account
is that it should be environmentally friendly. A building is environmentally friendly when it is
properly ventilated; it requires less energy for heating in winters; for cooling in summers;
natural light is provided to reduce electricity expenses for artificial lighting etc. School building
will be reconstructed in a disaster resilient manner.
The schools is designed in such a way that it is not affected by the harsh cold winters and hot
dry summers. Some of the main considerations are enumerated below:
1.3.2 Orientation and Shape of Building

One of the most important factors impacting the design of the building is its orientation. In
regions where winters are longer than summers the ideal orientation is on east-west axis. The
longer portion of the building should face the south direction because the sun in winters tilts
towards the south upto 35 o-40o to the horizon. This orientation also minimizes the exposure of
the east and west faces of the building during summers.
1.3.3 Location of the Building on Site

The building should be arranged on the site in such a way that it lies on the East-West axis.
Precautions have to be taken to make sure that the privacy of the adjacent residences is not
violated in case of actual site conditions. If possible the entrance to the building should be
provided from the main road.
1.3.4 Window Placement and Wind Direction
Size and proper window placement are also important factors. Wrong placement can heat the
building in summers and cool it in winters. Windows should be properly shaded by louvers so
that direct exposure to the sun is avoided. Since the sun angles for different months of the year
are known, louvers can be designed in such a way that the sun enters the building in winters
and not in summers. For office buildings the best light is the diffused one which is available
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only from the North side. Efforts have to be made to acquire the diffused light by making
adequate provisions in the building.
1.3.5 Treatment of North Side of the Building

In a cold region, the North face of the building is very important since the winter wind blows
from north to south. Therefore in the design the placement of windows in the north direction
has to be avoided where possible.
1.3.6 Material and Technology

The primary intention behind modern construction practices is to use material locally available
so that the cost of construction is minimized. Further facing of the building should be such that
maintenance costs are minimum.
1.3.7 Landscaping
Green spaces will be provided in the direction of wind (west) to cool the building when it enters,
it blowing through the green areas.
The academic and office buildings should have much area of grass, trees, shrubs etc.
Deciduous (seasonal) trees are to be planted on the South face of the building. Plantation will
also help to create buffer between classes and play areas. Similarly ever-green trees are to be
planted on the North face to block cold winds in winters.
1.3.8 Day Light

The building has to be designed in such a way that the natural light is trapped during the
working hours, in order to reduce the electricity costs, by the provision of day light.
Similarly the lobby area may be designed in such a way that the hot air rises in summer
through the lobby and leaves through the day light. This reduces the air conditioning cost of the
building.
1.3.9 Cross Ventilation

Special provisions are to be provided, wherever possible, so that cross ventilation is ensured.
Every effort is made in locating offices in the building so that proper cross ventilation is
achieved.
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1.4 Activities Based Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Issue/ Impact Mitigation Measure

Aspect
Designing  Community  Community or its committee will be contacted
and planning issues and informed about the project activities. Their
 Changes in the issues related to the project will be addressed.
project area  Documentation will be completed to address all
project area issues such as flooding; water
logging and Seismic activity in accordance with
1997 Uniform Building Code and Building code of
Pakistan (Seismic Provision 2007). It will be
ensured that minimal site disturbance and
settlements take place.
Site clearing  Clearing of  Unnecessary clearing of site and cutting of
–cutting of vegetation vegetation will be avoided during project
existing trees  Loss of activities.
biodiversity  Trees within project site will be protected and
preserved as much as possible.
 Trees cut for clearing of site will be replaced/
compensated by plantation of trees; replanting
will adhere to the indigenous species.
Exhaust and  Air pollution and  Contractor’s vehicles and construction machinery
dust emission potential will be ensured to comply with National
from deterioration of air Environmental Quality standards.
construction quality  Setting protocols for proper maintenance of
activities construction machinery, vehicles and generators,
will be ensured.
 Generators, if used during construction will be
placed at suitable distance and at the downwind
of nearby community.
 No burning of waste and other materials will be
allowed at the construction site.
 Water will be sprinkled regularly to suppress dust
emissions.
 Stocked material (sand, crush, etc.) will be
appropriately located and out wind to avoid dust
emissions.
Electrical  Presence of  All electrical installations will be carried out as
works and PCBs in electrical per BS 7671 17th edition.
fixation equipment  No equipment containing banned chemicals will
 Safety issues for
be used.
using low quality
cables and  Solar panels, wiring and switch boards will be
appliances installed according to approved design
specification.
 Beneficial environmental impact is expected due
to improved energy efficiencies, utilizing day light
and electrical safety.
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Aspect
Site drainage  Site flooding,  Project activities will be appropriately planned to
and nuisance, avoid potential interruption to public utilities
disturbance to pollution (power, water, sewage, drainage, telecom,
existing access road etc.)
utilities  Coordination with the civic authorities and utility
Service provider will be maintained throughout
the project construction phase.
 Where required temporary arrangement will be
made available to avoid any interruption of utility
services.
Material and  Depletion of  Locally produced and sustainable building
resources resources materials will be given preference in use at the
 Environmental project.
footprint  Only locally available materials and minimum
required quantity will be used to avoid depletion
of resources.
 Building construction will not include any banned
materials such as asbestos, lead based paints,
PCBs and Ozone depleting substances.
Waste during  Contamination of  Latrine facilities will be provided for workers,
construction / soil and ground which will be either connected to existing
demolition water sewerage system or disposed-off through septic
and operation  Pollution and tanks and soak pits.
of proposed general nuisance  Recyclable wastes will be recycled as far as
project  Potential habitat practically possible.
for disease vector  Construction waste will be stored at designated
site and handled / disposed-off as per best
industry practices.
 Record of all wastes will be maintained.
 Training will be provided to personnel for
identification, segregation and management of
solid waste.
 Solid wastes (including debris) will not be stock
piled at site for long duration. The wastes will be
removed from site on a regular basis.
 Waste will be transported under the covers to
avoid dust emissions and waste littering.
 Waste will be disposed off into designated landfill
/ tipping site, identified by municipality /
environmental protection agencies.
Traffic and  Increase in traffic  Contractor’s vehicle will strictly follow speed
circulation due to contractor limits.
activities and  Contractor’s personnel will only use access
traffic circulation routes assigned to them for project activities.
 Movement of contractor’s vehicles bringing in
construction materials and transporting out
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Aspect
construction / demolition wastes will be restricted
to low traffic timings.
 Contractor’s vehicle will not block emergency
access at any time. Contractors’ lay-down yards
and parking areas will not obstruct traffic
circulation.
 Contractor’s vehicles will be parked in designated
areas only.
 Safety signs will be displayed in congested areas
/ routes.
 Local communities will be taken into confidence
and informed before start of the project.
Noise  Increase in noise  Contractor’s equipment and machinery will be
pollution due to project properly maintained and provided with necessary
construction noise reduction and control equipment such as
activities silencers and mufflers
 Generators will be provided with proper acoustic
enclosures (hoods and shrouds)
 Contractor’s work hours will be controlled. Night
work will be avoided as much as possible.
 Noise barriers / shields will be placed in openings
to limit propagation of noise outside the work
areas
 Ear muffs / plugs will be provided to project staff
working in high noise areas.
Potential  Contamination of  All chemicals / fuel will be stored over impervious
leakages and soil and water surface and shall be provided with secondary
spills of from chemicals, containment
chemical and fuel at  Generators will be placed over concrete pad
fuel during construction site  Shovels, plastic bags, absorbent material and
construction sand should be present near chemical and oil
activities storage or handling areas to attend spills and
leaks
 Any incident must be reported in the form of a
document (incident report) along with
photographic record.
 Oil spill emergency response team will be
established and provided regular training.
Use of paints  Presence of Lead  Lead-free paints and sealants will be used for the
and sealants and Arsenic or project.
any other banned  Minimize the use of solvent-based paints or
chemical in the
replace with water-based materials. Proper PPE
paints
 Use of oil based will be provided to staff for use of any oil or
or solvent based solvent based paints
paints  Proper ventilation will be ensured during paint
 Soil and activity, especially for oil or solvent based paints
groundwater
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Aspect
contamination  Cemented pads with secondary containment will
be ensured to avoid any spillages or leakages.
Use of  Contamination of  Following the requirements of 22 CFR 216.3 (b),
pesticide for soil and water a Pesticide Evaluation Reports & Safe Use
termite  Workers and Action plan (PERSUAP) will apply for use of any
treatment of people safety pesticide including anti-termite treatment under
college guidelines of 2017 of Pakistan Programmatic
building Umbrella, PERSUAP approved by BEO, will
apply.
 All activities involving use of pesticide will be
carried out following the procedure/
recommendation of PERSUAP.
 Only USEPA registered termiticide/ insecticide
will be used for anti-termite treatment. These are
included in appendix I of the PERSUAP.
 Termite proofing will be carried out by hiring
service of professional and trained pest control
service.
 No termiticide/ pesticide will be stored on site.
 Proper PPE and safety precautions will be taken
during transportation, handling, storage and use
of termiticide/ pesticide.
 MSDS of pesticide will be available at project
site.
 Proper records required under PERSUAP will be
maintained for all pesticide use for the project.
COVID 19  Workers and  During construction activities face masks by the
people safety workers and surrounding people must be
ensured by the contractor on site.
 Frequently wash hands with soup.
 Minimum 2 meter distances should be kept
among each worker on site.
 Avoid hand shake or interaction with each other.
 Avoid close contact with people who are sick or
infected.
 Adopting safe work procedures/practices and use
of personnel protective equipment’s.
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2. Project Baseline (Environmental and Social)
The available baseline data on physical environment within the principle area of interest i.e. the
area of Government Primary Schools in Tribal District Khyber, Reconnaissance visits and
physical field survey was carried out. Validation of this information was done through the data
obtained from secondary sources and literature review.
2.1 Physical Baseline of the project area
The physical baseline of the project area can be described as below:
2.1.1 Physiography
Khyber Agency is located at 33-45 and 34-20 degree North latitudes and 70-27 and 71-32 East
Longitudes. It is bordered by the Kabul River and Koh-e-Suffaid range in the North, Peshawar
District in the East and Kurram Agency in the West. In the North-West lies Afghanistan,
Orakzai in the South and Mohmand Agency in the North-East. The total area of the Agency is
2,576 Sq: Kilometers.
2.1.2 Climate
The climate conditions in the project area have extreme climate with severe winter and
summer seasons. May, June, July and August are the hot months. The maximum and
minimum temperature during the month of January is about 18 and 4 degree Celsius
respectively. The average annual rainfall is about 400 mm.
2.1.3 Soil
The proposed project area is a hilly region with a fertile valley. From agricultural point of view,
medium textured soils are known to be the best. Medium textured soil found in all parts of the
project area. The soil is covered with grass and shrubs.
2.1.4 Geology
The project area is consists mostly of hilly tracks and mountains, with narrow strips of valleys.
It is the meeting place of a series of ranges, such as the Koh-e-Safaid, an off-shoot of the
mighty Hindukush Mountains. Lacha Ghar, Karagah Ghar, Surghar, Tor Ghar, Morgah and
Kalauch are some of the mountains located in the agency.
2.1.5 Land Use

The total cultivated area is about 20,075 hectares, whilst uncultivated land is 237,579 hectares,
with 2070 hectares as forest area. The total cropped area is 19,365 hectares. (Source: FATA
Development Statistics, 2012).
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2.1.6 Hydrology
The Principal streams that drain through the Agency are Bara River, Choora River and Khyber
“Nullah”. All these flow into the Peshawar Valley.The Agency comprises generally a barren and
rugged mountains terrain. It has also some very beautiful Valleys with plain culturable lands.
The important Valleys are Rajgal, Maidan, Bara and Bazar. The Valleys lying near the sources
of Bara River are generally known as Tirah. Rajgal Stream from Rajgal Valley and Shalobar
Toi from Maidan Valley join up at Dwa-Toi, and thereafter it is called as Bara Valley.
2.1.7 Air Quality
Air quality of the project area is generally clean in the remote areas, however dust is usually
observed along the crusher plants. Due to less development in the proposed project area, road
traffic is very limited and vehicular emissions are less. The proposed scheme is in remote area
of Tribal District Khyber and the scope of work is very limited which has no such adverse
impacts on local air quality. Nevertheless, mitigation measures are proposed in the EMMP for
unforeseen chances of air pollution in the execution phase.
2.2 Biological Environment

Biological baseline can be classified in Flora and Fauna as described below:
2.2.1 Flora
Forest activities were initiated in the Tribal Areas during 1976 and FATA Forest Circle was
accordingly established in 1991, headed by a Forest Conservator with Divisional Forest Officer
in each Tribal District. The directorate has been working for development and promotion of
forestry, soil conservation works, watershed management, wildlife conservation and
sericulture/moriculture. There is no legally defined forestry categorization in Tribal belt due to
non-extension of Federal/Provincial Act to the area. Local tribes own all the forests and
pastureland. This ownership is governed by customary laws based on boundary rights and
use of forests and may fall in the category of individual, joint family and/or collective
ownership of the tribes (Shamilat). Un-productive waste and dry lands mostly used as
pastureland are shamilat. With the idea to compensate the environmental loss, Re-vegetation
plan will be prepared and will be implemented with after execution phase of the project. For
detail of the species and number of trees refer to the Table No 2.
Moreover, due to unique natural resources available in the proposed project area various
medicinal and economical plants naturally grow and communities are relying on them for
their medicinal and economical values. The list of common trees, herbs and shrubs found in
the vicinity of project area are as follow;
21
Table 2: List of common trees, herbs and shrubs found in the project area
Common/Local
S/No Botanical Name Number Type
Name
1. Deodar Pines -- Tree

Populas alba (White
2. Sofaida Tree
poplar)
3. Tooth Morus alba 6 Tree
4. Lachi Eucalyptus 0 Tree
5. Bikyana Ficus benjamina 4 Tree
6. Palai (Khona) Acacia modesta 2 Tree
Pomegranate
7. Punica granatum Tree/shrub
(Annar)
8. Ghuz Juglans regia (Walnuts) Tree
9. Camel thorn Alhagi maurorum Herb
10. Khar Haloxylon recurvum Herb
11. Sperk Mentha arvensis Herb
12. Jaroo Equisetum arvensis Shrub
13. AK Calatropis procera Shrub
14. Sanatha Dodonea viscossa Shrub
15. Mullah Ziziphus nummularia Shrub/Small Tree
16. Pohli Solnum xanthocarpun Shrub
2 Fauna
The high altitude mountainous terrain of the tribal belt provides a safe and secure breeding
refuge to the wildlife. The project area falling in the vicinity is endowed with snow peak, forest
covers and rich biodiversity. Wild animals can be classified into two main categories with
respect to the proposed interventions, i.e. domesticated and extremely wild animals. There are
various kinds of animals that live around the human settlements, however some animals do
not live in areas where human exists. So, based on these two main classifications the
22
domesticated animals found in the proposed project areas are cat, dog, squirrel and mole,
while wild animals are common leopard, jackals, wild boar (Swine), fox and wild cat.
Table 3: List of Mammals and Avian Reported in the Project Area
S/No Common Name Scientific Name

1. Jackal Canis aureus
2. Wild boar Sus scrofa
3. Fox Vulpus bengalensis
4. Hares Lepus nigricollis
5. Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus
6. Bat Chiroptera
7. Rats Rattus rattus
8. Squirrel Funambulus pennanti
9. Porcupine Hystrix indica
10. Sparrow Passeridae
11. Crow Corvus
12. Mynah Acridotheres tristis
13. Tetar Partridge (Brown)& (Black)
14. Quail Coturnix coturnix
15. Kabotar Jungle Pigeon
16. Common Leopard Panthera pardus
23
2.3 Social Environment

The social setup of Tribal District Khyber formally called Khyber Agency comprises of four
main tribes
1. Afridis
2. Shinwaris
3. Mullagoris
4. Shilmanis
The Afridis are the main tribe of the Agency. They are further divided into eight Sub-sections
viz Qamber Khel, Malikdin Khels, Kuki Khels, Aka Khels, Zakha Khels, Sepah, Kamar Khel and
Adam Khel.
2.3.1 Administrative Setup:

The Political Agent is the Head of the Agency. He functions as a District Magistrate and
Session Judge and also as a coordinator who coordinates the functions of all the Nation
Building Departments in the Agency. The Agency has three Sub-divisions viz Landikotal,
Jamrud and Bara with three Assistant Political Agents, seven Tehsildars and a number of
other administrative functionaries. The Head Quarter of the Political Agent is at Peshawar but
has also a Camp Office/Residence at Landikotal. The Assistant Political Agents have their
Headquarters at Landikotal, Jamrud and Bara respectively. The Administration is run through
Maliks, Khassadars and Lungi holders (Sufaidresh). The tribal Administration and system of
justice is based on the concept of territorial, tribal (collective) and protective responsibility.
Adjudication is through the Jirga system which is something the tribesmen comprehend and
accept.
2.3.2 Occupations: The people mainly trade in business of goods and transport.
2.3.3 Population: The population of Tribal District Khyber is 986,973 (Census report 2017).
2.3.4 Crops: The main crops are wheat, maize and rice in the Tribal District Khyber.
2.3.5 Education: Khyber Agency is the most literate of all the Tribal Areas, with a literacy
rate of 34.2%, as of 2007. Quite far ahead of the next highest Agency - Kurram at
26.5%. It is also the only Agency where the majority of its men are literate, at 57.2%,
which is almost 20% ahead of the next highest agency, Kurram. However, its Female
literacy rate of 10.1% is 2nd after Kurram's 14.4%
2.3.6 Health Facilities: Health is the most important factor which plays the key role in
determining the human capital.
2.3.7 Ethnicity: The Afridis are the main tribe of the Agency. They are further divided into
eight Sub-sections viz Qamber Khel, Malikdin Khels, Kuki Khels, Aka Khels, Zakha
Khels, Sepah, Kamar Khel and Adam Khel.
24
Administratively these tribes are responsible to the local political system for their conflicts and
disputes along with developmental projects decisions. Most of the population is Pashtun and
the main religion is Islam (Shia and Sunni).Women gender is considered very sensitive and the
tribe’s men react very harsh if found any disturbance around their women and therefore, the
entry of unauthorized person is usually not allowed until and unless permitted. Hospitality is
their pride which can accommodate everyone if need help and protection. The proposed
schemes will not have any long run adverse impacts on social setup, however, mitigation
measures have been proposed in the EDF for unforeseen mishaps.
25
3 Assessment of Environmental & Social Impacts

This section identifies the potential impacts on various aspects of physical, biological and
social environment of the proposed project. It is expected that the possible minor adverse
impacts will be during execution phase only and there would be no such impacts during
operation phase. Beside the adverse impacts on the local environment and social setup, there
will be considerable positive impacts like the provision of proper water and sanitation facilities
in the school and social-economic prosperity in the project area will be improved.
3.1 Monitoring
Throughout the construction of the project, mitigation measures will be monitored by Resident
Engineer team including periodic inspection of Environmental Compliance Specialist to ensure
that mitigation measures included in the EMMP are implemented and followed. Environmental
monitoring will be reported as inspection reports as indicated in the EMMP.
3.2 Responsible parties

During construction and before completion and handover of the project to the education
department,the supervision engineering team will ensure that the structures has been based
on sound engineering construction principles and relevant current best industry practices. The
construction contractor will carry out all required mitigation measure under the supervision and
monitoring of assigned engineering staff and field supervisors. It is expected that possible
adverse impacts will only be limited to execution phase and could be minimize by applying the
proposed mitigation measures in the EMMP. Once the completion certificate is signed,
responsibility for performing any post construction mitigation and monitoring will belong to PMU
Sustainable Development Unit, P&D Department Civil Secretariat and specifically to the
persons or agencies identified in the mitigation and monitoring plan.
3.3 Other Information

The design and execution work will be in accordance with proper engineering standards of
Pakistan and best industry practices. Structures are designed to withstand local seismic
activity according to accepted Pakistani design criteria and aligning with the international
standards.
26
3.4 Environmental Mitigation & Monitoring Plan (EMMP)

This EMMP is based on the actual ground requirement for planning, execution and operation phases impacts assessment and mitig ation measures.
It is pertinent to mention that most of the anticipated adverse impacts will be likely to occur during execution phase.
Activities and Monitoring and Party(ies)

Impact Mitigation Measures Monitoring Indicators
Aspects Reporting Frequency Responsible
Designing and  Community  Community or its  Community  Monitoring during  Execution by
Planning Conflicts due to committee will be consultations. designing prior to designing
land acquisition informed by a team  Site assessment mobilization contractor
 Environmental about the project report of the project  Monitoring by
Impacts (on land activities. Their issues area consultant design
use) will be addressed related  On site contacts team and field
to the project area.  Actual site layout staff
 Designing will be  Design drawing  Reporting to
performed to address all USAID COR
project area issues such
as flooding, water
logging and seismic
activity in accordance
with 1997 Uniform
Building Code and
Building code of
Pakistan (Seismic
Provision 2007). It will be
ensured that minimal site
disturbances and setting
take place.
Site clearing and  Vegetation loss  Unnecessary clearing of  Tree clearing plan by  Monthly environmental  Execution by
cutting of existing  Habitat loss site and cutting of contractor compliance specialist construction
trees  Soil erosion vegetation will be  Tree plantation plan. contractor.
 Social Issues avoided during project  Monitoring and
(private assets activities. monthly reporting
loss)  Trees cut for clearing of by Resident
site will be replaced/ Engineer team to
compensated by USAID COR
plantation of tree at site
27

(5 trees for each tree
felled). The species of
trees replanted will
belong to indigenous
species.
Excavation  Soil Erosion  Properly stock pile  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
compaction and  Public assets excavated material to with mitigation (weekly) by Resident designing
drainage loss avoid loss of soil. measures by visual engineering team contractor
Properly dispose off at inspections.  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
appropriate place as  Provision of proper environmental monthly reporting
soon as possible. drains for such sites compliance specialist by Resident
 Provide proper site in the deigns  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
drainage and take compliance inspection USAID COR
measures to prevent report during
water entering into construction
excavation.
 Install temporary erosion
control and sediment
retention measures.
 Return unpaved areas to
original or improved
contours following
construction.
 Ensure community
consultation/engagement
in the project activities
(Excavation, stock  Air Quality –  Water will be sprinkled  Check compliance  Regular monitoring by  Execution by
piles and debris) Dust emissions regularly to suppress with mitigation Resident engineering construction
dust emissions. measures by visual team when and where contractor
 Stock piles will be inspections. required  Monitoring and
appropriately located  Water tankers use  Monthly inspections by monthly reporting
and out of wind to avoid and record environmental by Resident
dust emissions. Dry  Visual inspections compliance specialist Engineer team to
dusty material should be  Community  Monthly environmental USAID COR
sprinkled with water and graveness regarding compliance inspection
28

property covered to dust report during
avoid dust emissions. construction
 Construction debris will
be thrown faraway to
avoid dust emissions.
 Stock material (sand,
crushed stones etc.)
shall be stored away
from the local
communities.
Use of generator,  Air quality –  Contractor’s vehicles  Inspection of  Regular monitoring by  Analytical testing
vehicles, combustion and construction contractor’s emission Resident engineering and proper
machinery and emissions machinery should testing and team records by
burning activities comply with Pakistan maintenance records  Monthly inspections by construction
National Environmental  Check compliance environmental contractor
Quality Standards with mitigation compliance  Monitoring and
 Set protocols for proper measures by visual inspections report monthly reporting
and regular maintenance inspections during construction. by Resident
of construction  Monthly inspection by Engineer team to
machinery, vehicles and environmental USAID COR
Generators compliance specialist.
 Generators, if used
during construction will
be placed at a suitable
distance and downwind
of nearby residential
area
 No burning of waste and
other materials will be
allowed at the
construction site.
Project activities  Interruption in  Project activities will be  Project planning  Regular monitoring  Execution by
utilities due to designed and documentation (weekly) by Resident construction
project activities appropriately planned to  Check compliance with engineering team contractor
 Temporary loss avoid potential mitigation measures by  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
29

of access interruption in utilities visual inspections. environmental monthly reporting
(power, water, sewage, compliance specialist by Resident
telecom, access road  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
etc). compliance inspection USAID COR
 Coordination with the report during
civic authorities and construction
utility service providers
will be maintained
throughout the project
construction phase.
 Where required
temporary arrangement
will be made available to
avoid any interruption of
utility services
Material and  Slip and slide  Regionally produced and  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
resources creation sustainable building with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
 Soil erosion materials will be given measures by visual engineering team contractor
 Social issues preference. inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
 Avoid sourcing of contractor’s record. environmental monthly reporting
material from areas to  Incident record compliance specialist by Resident
create sliding zone  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
 Avoid sourcing of compliance inspection USAID COR
material from areas to report during
create erosion construction
 Ensure pubic
consultation for material
sourcing and agreement
with locals
 Only locally available
materials and in
sufficient quantity will be
used to avoid depletion
of resources.
 Building construction will
30

not include any banned
materials such as
asbestos, lead based
paints, PCBs and ozone
depleting substances.
Drinking water  Contamination  Water quality will be  Check compliance  Regular monitoring by  Execution by
supply of drinking water tested as per WHO with mitigation Resident engineering construction
sources guidelines and local measures by water team contractor
 Water born requirements (National testing and demand  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
diseases out Standard for drinking calculation environmental monthly reporting
breaks Water Quality) except for compliance specialist by Resident
 Communal and Arsenic which will be  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
workers health tested against USG compliance inspection USAID COR
safety risks standard for drinking report during
association water to ensure safe construction
supply of water.
 Drinking water supply &
water quality test results
will be reported to COR.
 If water found unfit for
drinking, other sources
will be identified for
construction workers. It
will be tested for all
relevant and applicable
drinking water quality
parameters before its
use. If that is also found
unsatisfactory, bottled
water will be provided to
construction workers and
site staff.
Disposal of  Aesthetic values  Waste disposal plan is to  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
Sewage  Air and water be prepared for all with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
contamination construction activities. measures by visual engineering team contractor
31

 Blockage of  During construction inspections.  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
natural or phase, latrine facilities environmental monthly reporting
sewerage will be provided for compliance specialist by Resident
system workers which will be  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
either connected to compliance inspection USAID COR
existing sewerage report during
system or disposed-off construction
through septic tanks and
soakage pits.
 It will be ensured that
existing sewage is not
blocked/ chocked.
 During operation phase,
sewage pipes will collect
waste-water from
facilities and convey it to
the septic tank for
treatment.
 Waste water treatment
will be carried out using
a two-compartment
septic tank made of
(RCC). This will be
provided with manhole
for cleaning.
 In areas where
groundwater level is low
waste-water will be
disposed-off after
treatment either in the
street drain/sewer if the
same exist or on site
with the help of circular
soakage pit/ trench
made up of dry brick
32

masonry.
Traffic and  Accidents risks  Contractor will obtain  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
circulation (communal permission from with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
health risks) concerned department measures by visual engineering team contractor
 Air pollution for movement of heavy inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
 Noise vehicles within the Contractor training environmental monthly reporting
 General project area. records. compliance specialist by Resident
Nuisance  Contractor’s vehicles will  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
follow strict speed limits. compliance inspection USAID COR
 Contractor’s personnel report during
will only use access construction
routes assigned to them
for project activities.
 Movement of
contractor’s vehicles
bringing in construction
materials and
transporting out
construction / demolition
wastes will be restricted
to low traffic timings. The
vehicles /trucks
movement will be
restricted as much as
possible during study
hours.
 Contractor’s vehicles will
not block emergency
access at any time.
Contractor’s lay down
yard and parking area
will not obstruct
circulation.
 Contractor’s vehicles will
be parked in designated
33

areas only.
 Safety signs will be
displayed at congested
areas /routes.
 Local communities will
be taken into confidence
and informed before start
of the project.
 Safety traffic wardens
will be posted at
congested areas.
Equipment  Noise pollution  Contractor’s equipment  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
generators and  Air pollution and machinery will be with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
vehicles  Disturbance to properly maintained and measures by visual engineering team contractor
locals provided with necessary inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
(especially noise reduction and contractor records. environmental monthly reporting
during night control equipment such compliance specialist by Resident
times) as silencers and  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
 Soil mufflers. compliance inspection USAID COR
contamination  Generators will be report during
provided with proper construction
acoustic enclosures
(hoods and shrouds).
 Contractor’s work hours
will be controlled. Night
work will be avoided as
much as possible.
 Noise barriers / shields
will be placed in opening
to limit propagation of
noise outside the work
area.
 Ear muffs / plugs will be
provided to project staff
working in high noise
34

areas
Storage of Fuel  Air pollution  Considering the location  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
and oil  Water pollution of site, contractor will not with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
 Social issues be allowed to store bulk measures by visual engineering team contractor
quantities of fuel or inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
hazardous material at contractor records. environmental monthly reporting
site. compliance specialist by Resident
 Any fuel or chemicals  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
stored at site (in small compliance inspection USAID COR
quantities) will be stored report during
at designated site and construction
container / storage
vessels be properly
marked for their
contents. Storage area
will be provided with
hard impervious surface
and secondary
containment.
Spills and leakage  soil and water  All chemicals/fuel will be  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
contamination stored over impervious with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
surface and shall be measures by visual engineering team contractor
provided with secondary inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
containment. contractor records. environmental monthly reporting
 Generators will be compliance specialist by Resident
placed over concrete  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
pad. compliance inspection USAID COR
 Shovels, plastic bags, report during
and absorbent material construction
should be present near
chemical and oil storage
or handling areas to
attend spills and leaks.
 MSDS of chemicals will
be available at project
35

site.
 Oil spill emergency
response team will be
established and provided
regular training.
 Contaminated soil due to
or chemical spill will be
properly dispose-off,
such as incineration at a
nearest facility.
 Any incident must be
reported in the form of a
document (incident
report) along with
photographic record.
Safety  Communal  Safety training will be  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
safety at risks provided to the workers with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
 Workers safety including safe driving measures by visual engineering team contractor
at risks practices. inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
 Worker will be provided contractor’s records. environmental monthly reporting
with appropriate  Incident reporting compliance specialist by Resident
Personal Protective records  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
Equipment (PPE). compliance inspection USAID COR
 Adequate safety report during
structure and PPE will be construction
provided, and use
ensured for working at
height.
 Adequate fire-fighting
equipment will be
provided on site and fire-
fighting teams
established.
 Handle, store, use and
process branded
36

materials in accordance
with manufacturer’s
instructions and
recommendations.
 All HSE incidents must
be documented and
reported with photograph
records
Pandemic  Dramatic Loss  During construction  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
COVID-19 to human life activities face masks by with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
 Illness the workers and measures by visual engineering team contractor
 Communal surrounding people must inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
safety be ensured by the contractor’s records. environmental monthly reporting
 Workers safety contractor on site.  Incident reporting compliance specialist by Resident
 Frequently wash hands records  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
with soup. compliance inspection USAID COR
 Minimum 2/3 meter report during
distances should be kept construction
among each worker on
site.
 Avoid hand shake or
interaction with each
other.
 Avoid close contact with
people who are sick or
infected.
 Adopting safe work
procedures/practices
and use of personnel
protective equipment’s.
Wastes-non-  Water pollution  Recyclable wastes will  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
Hazardous  Soil pollution be recycled as far as with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
 Community practical. measures by visual engineering team contractor
health risks  Construction wastes will inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
be stored at designed contractor’s waste environmental monthly reporting
37

site and handle / and training records. compliance specialist by Resident
disposed-off as per best  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
industry practices. compliance inspection USAID COR
 Record of all wastes will report during
be maintained. construction
 Training will be provided
to personnel for
identification,
segregation and
management of solid
waste.
 Solid wastes (including
debris) will not be
stockpiled at site for long
duration. The wastes will
be removed from site on
regular basis.
 Waste will be
transported under cover
to avoid dust emission.
 Waste will be disposed-
off into proper landfill /
tipping site, identified by
municipality /
environmental protection
agencies. NOC will be
obtained by the
contractor.
Electrical Works,  Electrocution of  All electrical installation  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
mechanical workers during will be carried out as per with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
installation and installation BS 7617 17th edition. measures by visual engineering team contractor
fixation  Communal  No equipment containing inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
safety during banned chemicals will be contractor’s records. environmental monthly reporting
operation used. compliance specialist by Resident
 Beneficial environmental  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
38

impact is expected due compliance inspection USAID COR
to improved energy report during
efficiencies and electrical construction
safety.
 Work site will be clearly
identified and cordoned
off to avoid work site
hazards for locals,
passerby and general
public.
 Safety signs shall be
placed at work sites.
Paints and  Water  Lead free paints and  Paint MSDS  Regular monitoring  Execution by
Sealants contamination sealants will be used for  Check compliance (weekly) by Resident construction
 Community and the project. with mitigation engineering team contractor
works health  Minimize the use of measures by visual  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
risks solvent-based paint or inspection environmental monthly reporting
replace with water-based compliance specialist by Resident
materials. Proper PPE  Monthly environmental Engineer team to
will be provided to staff compliance inspection USAID COR
during use of any oil or report during
solvent based paints. construction
 Cemented pads with
secondary containment
will be ensured to avoid
any spillages or
leakages
Handling/ use of  Community and  No asbestos containing  Check compliance  Regular monitoring  Execution by
asbestos worker’s health material will be specified with mitigation (weekly) by Resident construction
risks in the project. measures by visual engineering team contractor
 Old construction material inspections and  Monthly inspections by  Monitoring and
containing asbestos will contractor’s record. environmental monthly reporting
be handled accordingly compliance specialist by Resident
using gloves and other  Monthly environmental Engineering team
protective equipment compliance inspection to USAID COR
39

and be stored in report during
separate garbage bags. construction
Use of Pesticides  Soil and water  Following the  Compliance's with  Compliance by  Execution by
contamination requirements of 22 CFR latest updated inspection of records construction
 Community 216.3 (b), a pesticide PERSUAP’s required under contractor
health risks Evaluation report & safe approved 2017 PERSUAP latest  Monitoring and
use action plan (latest requirements. approved 2017 during monthly reporting
version of PERSUAP for Monthly inspections by by Resident
2017) will apply for use environmental Engineer team to
of any pesticide including compliance specialist. USAID COR
anti-termite  Monthly inspections
treatment.2017 Pakistan and submitting
Programmatic Umbrella Environmental
PERSUAP approved by Compliance
BEO will apply. Inspections Report
 All activities involving during construction.
use of pesticide will be
carried out following the
procedure
/recommendation of
PERSUAP updated
2017.
 Only USEPA Registered
termiticide / insecticide
will be used for anti-
termite treatment. These
are included in appendix
I of the updated
PERSUAP of 2017.
 Termite treatment will be
carried out by hiring
services of professional
and trained pest control
services.
 No termite / Pesticide will
40

be stored on site.
 Proper PPE and safety
precautions will be taken
during transportation,
handing, storage and
use of pesticide.
 Proper records required
under updated
PERSUAP will be
maintained for all
pesticide use for the
project.
Social impact  Land acquisition  Ensure maximum design  Project design  Compliance with the  Execution by
 Public asset efforts to avoid land showing no land designed parameters construction
loss acquisition acquisition on regular basis contractor
 Loss of access  If a unavoidable ensure  Compensation plan  Monthly compliance  Monitoring and
 Privacy issues proper compensation for land acquisition (if report monthly reporting
 Avoid loss to public any) by Resident
assets  Community Engineer team to
 Avoid public access grievances USAID COR
 Ensure proper training
sessions to workers to
avoid social problems
with local privacy issues
regarding female gender
Camp  Temporary land  Maximum efforts will be  Camp construction  Regular monitoring  Execution
Establishment (if loss made to avoid plan (weekly) Resident Contractor
required)  Social Issues establishing of  Camp land lease engineer team  Monitoring and
 Waste construction camp due to agreement  Monthly inspections by reporting by
generation confined scope of works  Consultation report environmental Resident engineer
 Worker’s health  If unavoidable, the camp  Worker’s training on compliance specialist team to USAID
risks will be established with social protection COR
local community  Record of waste
consultation to ensure management
their willingness  Pre and post pectoral
41

 Compensation will be record of site
paid to the land owner in
case of private land
 Workers will not be
allowed to move freely in
the residential areas to
avoid social issues
 Ensure protection to the
local privacy systems
 Avoid discussion on local
norms and tradition to
reduce chance of social
conflicts
 Proper waste
management system will
be ensured
 Hygienic facilities will be
ensured to workers
(clean and safe drinking
water and sanitation)
 The camp site will
restore to its original
state to avoid loss of
ecstatic value
.
42
ANNEXURES
Annexure I: Acceptance of Responsibility for Ongoing Maintenance & Operations
Once the works on the proposed Schools are completed in Tribal District Khyber, the school
building will be handed over to Education Department. The project staff will be imparted
necessary training's through repeated workshops during and before the execution of the
project in accordance with the laid down TORs of the donor.
Signatures
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
P.D PMU FIP USAID Representative
Date: ___________________ Date: _______________________
43
Annexure II: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Field Report of GPS Khurmatang
Bara in Tribal District Khyber.
Activity Mitigation Monitoring Report Field observation1

Measure(s) Indicator(s) Frequency and with respect to
date of accomplishment
inspection of the mitigation
measures
required
in the EDF EMMP
Additional observations and comments:
1
The observations are those that were actually seen by the inspector based on the EMMP in this EDF. The inspector should also provide
additional comments on any other environmental condition observed and how it was mitigates.
44
Annexure III: Termiticide Application Instructions
45
Annexure IV: Control Card for Termiticide Use
46
Annexure V: Photographs
External View of GPS Khurmatang Bara Existing Condition of GPS Khurmatang
Existing Condition of GPS Khurmatang School Bag of students in GPS Khurmatang
47

GPS Khurmatang Bara

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GPS Khurmatang Bara

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EDF Report Reconstruction of Government Primary School Khurmatang at Tribal District Khyber

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................1

B. Policy Legal and Administration Framework:

rules/regulations prescribed by the relevant Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Environmental Protection

C. Location of the proposed project

D. Schedule for Implementation of the proposed project:

E. Cost of the project:

Figure 1: Location Map of Government Primary School Khurmatang

Figure 2: Design Phase

Fig no. 2A. Construction Supervision

Fig. 02B Construction Supervision

Figure 3: Master Plan of GPS Khurmatang

i. Activities, Screening Results & Recommended Determination

TABLE -1 Screening result Recommended

Site clearing – cutting of existing trees at site √ √

Exhaust and dust emissions from construction

Site drainage and disturbance to utilities √ √

Material and resources √ √

Drinking water quality testing √ √

Waste water from project activities √ √

Increase in traffic due to contractor activities and

Noise due to project construction activities √ √

Leakages and spills of chemicals and fuel √ √

Electrical and mechanical installation and fixation √ √

Handling/ use of asbestos √ √

Use of pesticide for termite treatment of building √ √

Precautionary measures for COVID 19 √ √

ii. Summary of Recommended Determination check all that apply)

(Equivalent regulation 216.3

Very low risk sub-activities Categorical exclusion(s)

After environmental review, sub activities determined

After environmental review, sub activities determined

After environmental review, sub-activities determined

iii. Applicable Codes & Standards

 The Building Code of Pakistan

The objectives of the project are as follows,

1. To strengthen the capacity of the Education Directorate Merged Areas to ensure

1.1 Project Description

1.2 Project Details

S/No. Description Size

1 Class Room As per approved drawings

3 Verandah As per approved drawings

4 Compound Wall As per site

5 Developmental work As per requirement

6 Latrine Block As per approved drawings

1.3 Design Features

1.3.2 Orientation and Shape of Building

1.3.3 Location of the Building on Site

1.3.4 Window Placement and Wind Direction

1.3.5 Treatment of North Side of the Building

1.3.6 Material and Technology

1.3.8 Day Light

1.3.9 Cross Ventilation

1.4 Activities Based Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Issue/ Impact Mitigation Measure

Issue/ Impact Mitigation Measure

Issue/ Impact Mitigation Measure

Issue/ Impact Mitigation Measure

2. Project Baseline (Environmental and Social)

2.1 Physical Baseline of the project area

The physical baseline of the project area can be described as below:

2.1.5 Land Use

2.1.7 Air Quality

Date: _ Date: _____