BAGUIO GENERAL HOSPITAL

DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY
Post-Graduate Interns Exit Examination

Name:________________________________________Date:____________________Score:__________

Write the BEST answer on the space provided.

Case 1
A medical technologist intern asked you to interpret the result of a test to identify the organism
she saw on a gram stain and agar plate. She told you that she placed a colony of the organism on a glass
slide and introduced 3% Hydrogen Peroxide. The slide showed copious amounts of bubbles.

____________________1. What is the test described?

____________________2. On gram stain, Staphylococcus is?
____________________3. What test can differentiate Staphylococcus Aureus from other
Staphylococcus?
____________________4. Give one disease that can be caused by Staphylococcus Aureus?
____________________5. Also known as the “spreading factor”.

Case 2
You are on a 24 hour tour of duty at the pediatric ER during an influenza outbreak. One of the
agitated mother of the patients came in to your desk and asked the following questions.

____________________1. What kind of microorganism is Haemophilus Influenza?

____________________2. What is the family of Influenza virus?
____________________3. How is Influenza transmitted?
____________________4. Which virulence factor binds to the respiratory epithelium?
____________________5. Which Influenza can undergo both antigenic drift and antigenic shift?

Case 3
You are rotating at the TB DOTS and one of your seniors told you to submit a sputum specimen
at the laboratory. With knowledge about Mycobacterium Tuberculosis;

____________________1. What microscopic examination will you request?

____________________2. How is tuberculosis transmitted?
____________________3. What is the other term for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis?
____________________4. What component of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is resistant to gram
staining?
____________________5. Tuberculosis is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Case 4
A 25 year old IV drug user came in to your clinic and complains of RUQ abdominal pain
associated with low grade fever. Upon physical examination, you noted the patient to be icteric with
mild hepatomegaly. You suspected the patient to have Hepatitis B infection and requested for Hepatitis
profile which revealed the following results: HBsAg (+), anti HBc IgM (+), anti HBs (-), HBeAg (+), HCV
DNA (-).

____________________1. What is your diagnosis? (specific)

____________________2. What panel in the Hepatitis profile will tell you that the virus is actively
replicating?
____________________3. What virus is dependent on Hepatitis B and can produce co-infection?
____________________4. What is the mechanism of the liver injury in Hepatitis B infection?
____________________5. What is the family of Hepatitis B virus?

Case 5
A 28 year old male with a known case of HIV infection was admitted due to 1 month history of
cough, low grade fever, and weight loss. During your rounds, the patient asked you the following
questions.

____________________1. HIV belongs to what family?

____________________2. Which cells does HIV infect?
____________________3. Which viral protein facilitates fusion of the virus with the infected cell?
____________________4. What is the expected CD4 count if the patient was infected with
Mycobacterium Avium Complex?
____________________5. What is the condition in which progressive failure of the immune system
allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive?

Case 6
During a physical examination, you noted a loud 1 st heart sound associated with an opening
snap. The patient also told you that he had a history of sore throat last month and 2 weeks prior to
consult.

____________________1. What is the causative agent of the patient’s condition?

____________________2. The causative organism exhibits what pattern of hemolysis?
____________________3. Aside from the pattern of hemolysis, what test is done to identify the specie
of the causative organism?
____________________4. Aside from the heart, give one organ the causative organism can also affect.
____________________5. Does the causative organism produce endotoxins?
Case 7
An 18 year old G1PO came in to your clinic complaining of curdy vaginal discharge. You
requested for KOH of the discharge and report showed positive for pseudohyphae and budding yeast.

____________________1. What is your diagnosis?

____________________2. What is causative organism?
____________________3. In general, what is present of Fungi cell wall that is not found on a bacterial
cell wall?
____________________4. How does Fungi replicate?
____________________5. Is the above organism a normal flora of the human body?

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY

____________________1. What is the major component of the gram positive bacterial cell wall?
____________________2. What is the counter stain used for acid fast staining?
____________________3. What is the mechanism of action of Vibrio Cholera enterotoxin in the small
intestine?
____________________4. Give 1 presentation of Primary Syphilis.
____________________5. Zoster is a reactivation of what virus?
____________________6. Gram stain of N. Gonorrhea would appear as?
____________________7. What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in small children and
neonates?
____________________8. Dengue virus is classified under what family?
____________________9. Microscopically, which cytopathic effect is pathognomonic of measles
infection?
____________________10. EBV is particularly linked to cause which type of lymphoma?
____________________11. This microbe is an aerobic bacteria implicated in fried rice diarrhea.
____________________12. This bacteria is a gram positive, lancet shaped diplococci and positive for
Quellung reaction.
____________________13. This bacteria appear as green metallic sheen on culture media.
____________________14. What is the etiologic agent for croup?
____________________15. This bacteria has an elementary and reticulate body.