Aditya Vikas Deore

120FP0990
Practical No. 5
Performance evaluation of oil expeller
Aim: To evaluate the performance of an oil expeller and to determine percentage oil
recovery, pressing rate and oil content of the given oil seed sample.
Requisites:

• Ground nut powder

• Filter
• Beaker
• Barrel
• Single screw
• Spatula
• Interlocking knob
Specifications:

Apparatus Specifications

Made by Indosaw
Oil expeller
Motor: A9V312HV2294; 2.2kW, 3HP, 380 V

Oil expeller Table top oil expeller, MADE IN INDIA.

Mortar and pestle Made in India

Model No. 6010; Oraw Industrial Product Pvt. Ltd.

IR moisture meter
Haryana, India

Model: HMB100; Max: 100g, d:1mg

Halogen moisture meter Manufacturer: Wensar
ISO 9001:2000 certified

Model: 6354
Electronic weighing balance Capacity: 200 g; Readability: 0.01 g
Pan size (mm): 125 mm

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Line diagram:

Figure No. 1: Mini oil expeller

Theory:
Oil expeller is a device which can produce pressure by rotating expeller screw manually or
automatically. Screw press method for oil extraction is a mechanical method for extracting
oil from raw materials. Oil extracted by screw pressing is used either as a food product or as
an industrial product. Food products include raw oil such as corn oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil
etc. It requires less capital & it can be used for low production. One of the disadvantages of
screw pressing is the low oil recovery when processing untreated seeds.
Mini oil expeller - The mini oil expeller uses a physical principle of continuous pressure and
friction force to expel oil out of the tissues of the given oil seed sample. The machine has 2
functions at the back. First is main switch of button while second is the clean-up function
and expeller function. Expeller function or squeezing function is used for expelling the oil
while the clean-up function is used for cleaning of the barrel.
Expression is the process of mechanically pressing liquid out of liquid containing solids.
Extraction is the process of separating a liquid from a liquid-solid system with the use of
solvents such as hexane.
Working principle - When the machine is operating, the prepared material enters the
extruding chamber from the hopper and then moves forwards the rotating pressing screw
and is pressed. Under the high-pressure condition in the chamber, friction between material
and chamber will be created, which also creates friction and relative movement among
material and particles. On the other hand, root diameter of the pressing screw varies larger
from one and to the other. Hence, when rotating, it not only pushes particles, moving
forward but turns them outwards as well. Container has small perforations, either round or
slotted that allow the liquid component to leave. Meanwhile, particle adjacent the screw
will rotate along with the rotating of the screw, causing every particle inside the chamber

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different speed. Therefore, relative movement among particles creates heat in the range of
140-210°F (60-99°C). In this way the oil is expelled.
The residue of the material from which oil has been expressed exits from the unit and is
known as the cake. The oil cake obtained can be used for solvent extraction process since
the physical oil expeller is not having 100% efficiency to remove or to extract the oil from
the oil seeds.
In the similar way, different oil samples such as flaxseed, mustard seed, coconut and other
oil-bearing samples can be used to expel the oil by using mechanical oil expeller.
Procedure:
1. Remove the upper head of the machine to fix the barrel and the single screw. Fix the
barrel above the single screw.
2. Ensure the interlocking of barrel to the machine so that it will not remove. Close the
upper head and fix the hopper at top of the feeder.
3. Place the collection beaker and a tray to collect the cake beneath the machine.
4. Switch on the machine and set the temperature at 100 °C.
(Temperature will slowly rise to 100 °C.)
5. Once the temperature of expeller reaches 100 °C, start the squeezing function by
pressing the button in the downward direction.
6. Feed the measured ground nut ground sample via feeder.
(The oil will collect beneath the expeller and the cake will collect in the tray.)
7. The collected oil is measured on the electronic weighing balance to ensure the mass
balance of the oil seed sample.
8. Once the expeller function is over, we have to clean up the barrel and the screw
press. Switch off the machine. Press the switch in the upward direction and hold it
until the operation is over.
9. Now switch off the machine. For the clean-up function, remove the hopper, let the
heater cool down. Remove the interlocking using the safety glove. Now slowly
remove the barrel.
10. Weight the obtained cake, initial sample, obtained oil using electronic weighing
balance and calculate the efficiency of the oil expeller by using predetermined
formulae.
Observations:
Sample = ground nut
Weight of feed sample = 100 g
Time of pressing = 5 minutes
Temperature of expeller = 100 ºC
Obtained weight of crude oil = 22.25 g
volume of oil extracted = 21.80 ml

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Weight of cake = 70.48 g
Cake Oil content= 20%.
Theoretical oil content of sample = 28.00%
Calculations and Formulae:

Results and discussion:

Pressing rate = 18.546 𝑔𝑔⁄𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Oil recovery percentage = 49.66%
Percentage oil yield (𝑣𝑣⁄𝑚𝑚) = 21.80%
Percentage oil yield (𝑚𝑚⁄𝑚𝑚) = 22.25%
From the results we can see that this is not the fastest and efficient way of oil recovery. But
it is a greener and healthier way of making oil for there will be no solvent (chemical)
residues in oil. The expeller pressed oil is cleaner more pure oil, higher in natural colors and
flavors. The heat generated in this method is necessary during manufacturing because it
helps to change protein property, damage colloid, increase plasticity and decrease oil
elasticity, resulting in high oil productivity.
Conclusion:
The pressing rate, oil recovery percentage, percentage oil yield (ml of oil per gram of seed),
percentage of yield (gram of oil per gram of seed) is 18.546 𝑔𝑔⁄𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚, 49.66%, 21.80% and
22.25% respectively. Thus, we have completed performance evaluation of oil expeller.