PRACTICE TEST 13-2

Many people have a close relationship with their pets. These people treat their birds, cats, or other
animals as members of their family. In your opinion, are such relationships good? Why or why not?
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

PART A. LEXICO & GRAMMAR

I. Choose the best answer
1. He tries to ……… himself with everyone by paying them compliments.
a. gratify b. please c. ingratiate d. commend
2. Assembly lines are useful for producing a large ……… of identical products.
a. quality b. quantity c. quandary d. qualification
3. Everyone knows about pollution problems, but not many people have ……… any solutions.
a. thought over b. come up with c. looked into d. got round to
4. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the ……… that the matter was confidential.
a. reasons b. excuses c. grounds d. foundations
5. The VCTV tries to ……… for all tastes with its 4 national programs.
a. cater b. suit c. furnish d. regard
6. When his alarm went off, he shut it off and slept for ……… 15 minutes.
a. other b. others c. another d. the others
7. Every woman who has enough criteria can join the beauty contest irrespective of their background.
a. regardless of b. on account of c. under guarantee d. in consideration of
8. ………, dolphins have no sense of smell.
a. As known as far b. As far as is known
c. It is known as far d. Known as far as it is
9. “Another cup of coffee?” – “No, but thanks ………”
a. not at all b. for all c. all the same d. you for all
10. ……… I’ve told him not to go out with those people, but he wouldn’t listen. Just let him face the music
now.
a. Many a time b. Many the time c. Quite a time d. For a time
11. Most crimes that are committed are no more than ……… theft.
a. slight b. small c. unimportant d. petty
12. This is ……… the most difficult job I’ve ever had to do.
a. by heart b. by chance c. by far d. by myself
13. No matter how angry he was, he would never ……… to violence.
a. resolve b. recourse c. exert d. resort
14. He had to retire from the match suffering from a ……… ligament.
a. torn b. broken c. slipped d. sprained
15. ………, he felt so unhappy and lonely.
a. Despite of his riches b. Rich as was he
c. Rich though he was d. Despite of the fact that he was rich
16. ……… as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell.
a. That we refer to b. What we refer to
c. To which we refer d. What do we refer to
17. The development company …….... approval from the council for their plans for a new shopping center.
A. searched B. begged C. pleaded D. sought
18. Paul’s been in Alice’s bad ……… ever since he offended her at the party.
a. eyes b. books c. likes d. treats
19. The woman who was taken to hospital had been ……….for three hours.
a. indifferent b. insensitive c. unconscious d. unfeeling
20 .………. discovered has been a source of disagreement among historians.
a. Fermentation was how they b. How was fermentation
c. How fermentation that was d. How fermentation was

II. Complete the following passage with the correct forms of the words given (10ps)
 As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an
(1.INCREASE)___________ important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland.
Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a radius of 24 or more
kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the
(2.TOWN) ______. The High Street Market was continuously (3.LARGE)_________ throughout the period
until 1736, when it reached from Front street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street
between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation. Along with market days, the
institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been
(4.CONTINUE) __________ in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing
(5.HAND)__________ goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from
Germantown, for example, were popular items. Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade.
Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although
(6.GOVERNMENT) _____________ attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the
ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization
became the order of the day. Export merchants became (7. DIFFERENCE)_____ from their importing
counterparts, and (8. SPECIAL)_________ shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a
variety of goods. One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally (9.PROSPERITY)_______ was
because the surrounding area was (10.GO)________ tremendous economic and demographic growth. They
did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his
circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and
council and meetings of the courts of justice.

PART B. READING COMPREHENSION

I. CLOZE TEST
Letter to the editor.
The Prime Minister’s comments yesterday on education spending (1)…… the point, as the secondary
education system also needs a major overhaul. Firstly, the system only views the weakest learners as having
special needs. The brightest and most conscientious students are not encouraged to develop to their full (2)
…... Secondly, there’s too much testing and not enough learning. My fifteen-year-old daughter, for example,
has just spent the last month or so (3) …… for exams. These aren’t even real, important exams, as her
GCSEs will be next year. They’re just (4) …… exams. Is the work she’s been doing really going to make her
more knowledgeable about her subjects, or will she forget it all tomorrow? I suspect the (5)…...
Thirdly, the standard (6) …… doesn’t give students any tuition in developing practical work-related, (7)
…… and social skills, or in skills necessary for higher education. How many students entering university
have the first idea what the difference is between (8) …… someone else’s work and (9)…… good use of
someone else’s ideas? Shouldn’t they have been taught this at school? How many of them are really able to
go about (10) ……. – a skill that’s essential at university because there are no teachers to tell you what to do
– in an efficient way? Indeed, how many students graduate from university totally unable to spell even
simple English words correctly? The system is letting our children down.
1. a. lose b. escape c. miss d. fail
2. a. capacity b. ability c. achievement d. potential
3. a. cramming b. lecturing c. reading d. practising
4. a. false b. mock c. fake d. artificial
5. a. latter b. frontier c. later d. second
6. a. timetable b. lecture c. seminar d. curriculum
7. a. life b. alive c. living d. live
8. a. writing b. going over c. plagiarising d. repeating
9. a. taking b. making c. having d. creating
10.a. reviewing b. revision c. distance learning d. self-study

II. Fill in each gap with one suitable word

The knowledge and eloquence that people gain through travelling is usually perceived (1)…… the best
fulfillment in life. It is the inquisitive human nature that impels people to seek thrilling experiences and to set
out on an exploration trip. (2) ............... who travel frequently and to diverse places benefit from establishing
new relationships and (3)……a better knowledge about other cultures and lifestyles. However, there is a
grain of truth in the assumption that people are prone to cherishing clichés and unfounded prejudices about
other nations and their characteristics. Sometimes, it is only the first-hand encounter (4)……... can help
change the approach towards the so-called 'inferior communities'. This direct (5)……with a different
civilization enables travelers to drop their baseless assumptions and get acquainted with the real concept of
life in all four (6)……of the globe. Beyond question, travelling facilitates friendship and makes (7)……
easier for many individuals to acknowledge the true value of different traditions and customs. Yet, it does not
always (8)……enjoyment. It (9)……also involve coming close with the atrocities of real existence as well as
becoming aware of the challenges and hardships that other people have to struggle with. Hence, a true
voyage is the one with a good (10) .............. of experience to reminisce about, very often combined with
exposure to abhorrent sights and incredible ordeals. The learning to be complete, thus, requires an ability to
observe and analyze the surroundings, both their glamour and brutality.
III. You are going to read an article about Taekwondo. Choose the most suitable
heading from the list A – H for each part of the article. Here is one extra heading which you do not
need to use . Write your answers in the numbered blanks
provided below. ( 7 pts)
Taekwondo
A. People take up Taekwondo for a variety of reasons
B. You should be careful when you are deciding where to learn it.
C. Some people are changing to Taekwondo from another martial art.
D. The colour for each grade has its own particular meaning.
E. All students promise never to misuse what they learn.
F. It is a safe activity if you take plenty of care.
G. We are not certain where the art of self-defence began.
H. It is a unique and increasingly popular activity.

1
Taekwondo is the Korean name for the ‘ art of foot and hand fighting’. There is no
other martial art style like it and none is so enjoyable in its freedom of expression. Jumping and spinning in the air
and striking out with hands and feet are its special characteristics. These can be wonderful to perform and great to
watch. Today there are more than twenty million practitioners of Taekwondo and the numbers are growing quickly.
2
The history of the martial arts is the subject of much discussion and there are many theories concerning its origins.
China, Japan, Korean and India all have strong claims to the beginnings of unarmed combat, while fighting skills were
a natural development throughout the world for self- protection. Taekwondo itself began in Korean, a country which
has a tradition of martial arts that goes back more than two thousand years.
3
If you have visited a traditional Karate class and found it too formal or even military in its approach, you will
recognize that Taekwondo is more modern in the way things are done. None of the politeness or discipline you would
expect in a martial arts club is missing, but there is an air of enjoyment. Mna people who previously did Karate are
now training in Taekwondo as its many ways more progressive, more dynamic, more exciting and more entertaining.
4
Beginners are often attracted by what is an enjoyable, physical form of recreation with the added benefit of self-
defence and increased self- confidence. For some the fascination of learning techniques and performing them to
exacting standards, combined with a high level of fitness, speed and strength, may be what appeals. Others enjoy
being a part of a disciplined group of people of both sexes, all ages and from many different backgrounds who can
work together and help achieve their aims. It is not unusual to find a 12-year-old girl or a 70-year-old man wearing a
Black Belt.
5
To reach that level takes years of hard work. Your first belt is white, which shows the innocence of the student who
has no previous knowledge of Taekwondo. If you pass your first grading exam, you receive a yellow belt. This
represents the Earth, where a plant takes root as the Taekwondo foundation is being laid. The next grade is green,
symbolizing the plant’s growth as skills begin to develop. This is followed by blue: the plant is now maturing arid
growing towards heaven as training progresses. Then comes red, meaning danger, cautioning self- control to the
student and warning the opponent to stay away. Finally there is black, meaning maturity and proficiency in
Taekwondo. It also indicates the wearer’s conquest of darkness and fear.
 6
The first thing to learn, though, is that Taekwondo is a martial art to be practiced with control. Careless practice or
fooling around can lead to injury. Strict rules of conduct and close attention to them will help keep injuries to a
minimum, particularly when you are training one-to one with another student. In all combat situations like this you
will have to wear thick gloves and padded boots to avoid damaging either yourself or your opponent, and –
depending on the club you join – you may also need to wear a helmet and a chest protector.
7
In a good club there should be a feeling of friendliness. The pace may be fast and the training might be tough
at times, but nobody should be getting hurt. Sit in on a class, see if people are enjoying themselves and have
a look at who is there. If the club has been going for a few years there should be, apart from the instructor,
some other high grades – Blue, Red and Black Belts – practicing, because there is always more to learn.
From Black Belt 1st Dan you can go further still, possibly reaching 5 th, 6th or even higher Dans after many
years’ training.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words taken from paragraphs 5,6,7 to fill in the following sentences
8. In Taekwondo, the first belt is white, which shows the ___________ of the student who has no previous
knowledge of Taekwondo.
9. The two factors which help keep injuries to a minimum are strict _____________ and close attention to
them, particularly when you are training one-to-one with another student.
10. The pace may be fast and the training is probably ____________, but nobody should be getting hurt.

PART C. WRITING
I. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
1. Bruce said that the situation at work was like a family argument. (LIKENED)
 …………………………………………………………………………………
2. Not many people attended the concert. (POORLY)
 …………………………………………………………………………………
3.They arrived at their destination alive and kicking. (SOUND)
 …………………………………………………………………………………
4. At this moment I only have time to think about my university thesis. (PREOCCUPIED)
…………………………………………………………………………………
5.Our boss is absolutely determined not to give us that pay rise. (INTENT)
Our boss …………………………………………………………. the pay rise.
6.Suppose we make no changes at all for the time being?
What ……………………………………………………………………………
7. It’s rumored that we will have a new manager.
Rumor has ……………………………………………………………………...
8. My salary is half what I would be in the job I was offered in January.
If………………………………………………………………………………