Rasheed Ahmad A /O Level Chemistry 0333-4277385

Ionic Equations of Some Important Reactions

Acid Base Reactions:
Metal and Acid

Metal(S) + Acid(aq) Salt(aq) + Hydrogen(g)

M(S) + n H+(aq) Mn+(aq) + H2 (g)

Metal Oxide and Acid

Metal Oxide (S) + Acid(aq) Salt(aq) + Water (l)

O-2(S) + 2 H+(aq) H2O (aq)

Metal Hydroxide (Alkali) and Acid

Metal Hydroxide (aq) + Acid(aq) Salt(aq) + Water (l)

OH-(aq) + H+(aq) H2O (aq)

For Weak Acid such as CH3COOH with strong alkali

CH3COOH + OH- CH3COO- + H2O

For Weak Alkali such as aqueous NH3 with strong acids

NH3 + H+ NH4+

Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2 H+ Ca2+ + 2H2O

Metal Carbonate and Acid

Metal carbonate (aq) + Acid(aq) Salt(aq) + Water (l) + Carbon dioxide(g)

CO3-2 (aq) + H+(aq) H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Ammonium Salt and Alkali

Ammonium salt (aq) + Alkali(aq) Salt(aq) + Water (l) + Ammonia(g)

NH4+1 (aq / s) + OH -1(aq) H2O (l) + NH3 (g)

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0333-4277385 Ionic Equations (O – Level) Rasheed Ahmad

Rasheed Ahmad A /O Level Chemistry 0333-4277385

Ionic Precipitation:

A method by which a water insoluble salt is prepared by the reaction of aqueous solutions of
two water soluble substances.

For ionic equation just cancel the spectator ions (aqueous) from the equation.

AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) AgCl (S) + NaNO3 (aq)

Na+ and NO3 – ions are spectator ions, so will be cancelled from the equation.

Ag+ (aq) + Cl - (aq) AgCl (S)

Redox Reaction:

A reaction in which reduction and oxidation reactions are taking place simultaneously.

For ionic equation just cancel the spectator ions (whose oxidation states are not changing)
from the equation.

Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

SO4 2– ion is a spectator ion, so will be cancelled from the equation.

Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s)

Balancing of Some Redox Ionic Equations:

Copper in the presence of hydrogen ion and oxygen converted to Cu 2+ and water

2 Cu + 4 H+ + O2 2Cu2+ + 2 H 2O

A bacterium in soil converts nitrates in the presence of hydrogen ion into nitrogen and water

2 NO31- + 12 H+ + 10 e- N2 + 6 H 2O

Rasheed Ahmad
A / O – Level Chemistry

0333-4277385
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0333-4277385 Ionic Equations (O – Level) Rasheed Ahmad