NPTEL Online Certification Course

Mechanics of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Structures

Assignment 08: Detailed Solution
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

1. In the ABBD matrix of the anti-symmetric laminate [+45/-45/+45/-

45]
(a) A16=A26=0 and D16=D26=0
(b) Only A16=D16=0
(c) All the elements of [B] are zero
(d) All the elements of [D] are zero

2. Which of the following is a quasi-isotropic laminate?

(a) [0/+45/−45/90]
(b) [0/15/30/45]
(c) [0/20/40/60]
(d) [0/35/70/105]

3. In the ABBD matrix of a quasi-isotropic laminate, which of the

following is TRUE?
(a) A11=A22, A16=A26=0, A11− A12=2A66
(b) A11≠A22, A16=A26=0, A11− A12=2A66
(c) A11=A22, A16≠0, A26≠0, A11− A12=2A66
(d) A11=A22=0, A16=A26=0, A11− A12=2A66

4. If the effective in-plane longitudinal Young’s modulus of a [0/45/-

45/90]S graphite/epoxy laminate is EX, then the effective in-plane
longitudinal Young’s modulus of a [0/45/-45/90]2S graphite/epoxy
laminate will be
(a) 2EX
(b) EX
(c) EX/2
(d) EX/4
 5. For a symmetric laminate, the effective extensional Young’s moduli
are EX=30GPa and Ey=10GPa. If the effective in-plane Poisson’s ratio
for the laminate is νxy=0.3, then the value of effective in-plane
Poisson’s ratio νyx is
(a) 0.9
(b) 0.3
(c) 0.1
(d) 0.03

 xy Ex 0.3 30
     yx  0.1
 yx E y  yx 10

6. A [0/+45/−45/90]S laminate is subjected to only Nx (N/m) and Ny

(N/m), and the stresses at the mid of top 0˚ ply was found to be
σx= 20MPa, σy= 5MPa and τxy= 0. If the same Nx (N/m) and Ny (N/m)
are applied to another laminate made from same lamina but with the
stacking sequence [0/+45/−45/90]2S so that the number of laminae is
doubled, the stresses at the mid of top 0˚ ply will be
(a) σx= 20MPa, σy= 5MPa and τxy= 0
(b) σx= 10MPa, σy= 2.5MPa and τxy= 0
(c) σx= 5MPa, σy= 1.25MPa and τxy= 0
(d) σx= 10MPa, σy= 2.5MPa and τxy= 2.5 MPa

For the particular stacking sequence, if we increase the number of laminae by two times,
then the  A matrix values increase by two times.
Only N X and N Y are applied, so only midplane strains and no curvature.
So, the stresses will get reduced by two times for the same applied N x and N y .

7. The reduced stiffness matrix for unidirectional graphite/epoxy

 200 3 0
lamina is Q    3 10 0  GPa . If a [0/90]s laminate made from

 0 0 7 
unidirectional graphite/epoxy lamina with lamina thickness of 0.1
mm is subjected to an in-plane load of Nx=100 N/m the global axes
strains (in μm/m) induced in each ply will be

(a)  x   2.383 ,  y   0.068 ,  xy  0

(b)  x  2.383 ,  y   0.068 ,  xy  0
(c)  x  0.068 ,  y   2.383 ,  xy  0.184
(d)  x  2.383 ,  y   0.68 ,  xy  0
0 / 90 / 90 / 0 laminate subjected to N x  100N / mm
 200 3 0 
Q    3 10 0  GPa
 0 0 7 

 200 3 0  10 3 0 
[ A]  2   3 10 0   0.1 3  2   3 200 0   0.1 3
109 109
10 10
 0 0 7   0 0 7 

Since the laminate is a Symm. Laminate,  B   0

 x0   N x  100   2.383 
     
 Mid-surface strains:  y0   [ A]1  0   0.6808  m / m
 0    0 
 xy   0   
And the laminate is subjected to only in-plane load N x and no Moments, So no curvatures  K  .

  x   x0   Kx  0 
     
Therefore, the global mid-surface strains will be global strains  OR strains in each ply  . Since   y    y0   z  K y  0 
   0   K  0
 xy   xy   xy 

8. The reduced stiffness matrix for unidirectional graphite/epoxy

 200 3 0 
lamina is Q    3 10 0  GPa and the coefficients of thermal
 0 0 7 
expansion of unidirectional graphite/epoxy lamina are
1  110 m / m / C ,  2  20 10 m / m / C . If a [0/90]s laminate made from
6 o 6 o

unidirectional graphite/epoxy lamina with lamina thickness of 0.1

mm is subjected to only a thermal gradient ΔT=50oC, the global axes
residual thermal strains (in μm/m ) in the 0o lamina are

(a)  xR  57.176 ,  yR   892.82 ,  xyR  0

(b)  xR  57.176 ,  yR  892.82 ,  xyR  0
(c)  xR   892.82 ,  yR  57.176 ,  xyR  0
(d)  xR  62.68 ,  yR  784.32 ,  xyR  0
0 / 90 / 90 / 0 laminate subjected to T=500C
 200 3 0 
Q    3 10 0  GPa
 0 0 7 

 200 3 0  10 3 0 
109 109
[ A]  2   3 10 0   0.1 3  2   3 200 0   0.1 3
 
10 10
 0 0 7   0 0 7 

 
 x  1 
  1  
Thermal coeff . transformation :  y   T   2 
  0 
 xy   
 2 
T
 x   x 
   
Free Thermal strains for each ply :  y   T  y 
   
 xy  k th ply  xy k th ply
T
 x  1  50 
     
  y   50  20   106 m / m  1000   m / m
  0  0 
 xy  o 0 plies    
T
x 
T
 x   Nx   Nx 
  1      
Global strains for the laminate as a whole :  y    A  N y  where  N y   T  Q    y  ( zk  zk 1 ) ( zk  zk 1 )  0.1
 
2
k 1
  N  N   
k
 xy   xy   xy   xy k
 x  0.00010718 107.18
     
  y   0.00010718 m / m  107.18  m / m
     
 xy   0   0 
R T R
 x   x   x   x   57.176 
         
Therefore, residual strains:  y    y    y    y   892.92   m / m
         0 
 xy 0o plies  xy   xy 0o plies  xy 0o plies  