NAME: AREEBA SHOUKAT

COURSE: COMMUNICATION SKILLS

ID NO:13955

PROGRAM :BBA

ASSIGNMENT 1
BARRIES TO EFFECTIVE COMMINICATION:
They are anything that hindness the process of communication

There are different Types of barriers to effective communication and it cause:

PHYSICAL BARRIES:
Physical barrier is the environmental and natural condition that act as a barrier in communication in
sending message from sender to receiver.

EXAMPLE AND ITS CAUSES:

Time and distance: If a message is not sent in inappropriate time, the message will not have the effect
that it should have, as the intention will not be met. This causes barrier in communication. So, the time
of the message should be accurate. For example: The person from Asia will not be able to Skype a
person in U.S. if the time zone difference is wrong and the second person is sleeping.

Noise: Noise causes obstacles for the message to reach the receiver and cause physical communication
barrier. There are many kinds of noise in communication process such as physical noise, written noise,
technological noise, etc. for example: Technological noise are the noise that occur in the medium or
channel like no sound while talking on phone or message sending failure in chats.

Environment or climate: Thunder, rain, wind and other environmental factors create noise which
cannot be stopped and disturb the message flow. Natural noise is present in the environment which
disturbs the communication. For example, unstable temperature makes people unfocused on creating
the message. If temperature of a place is too high or low, people cannot concentrate on the information
they are sending. It promotes uncomfortable feelings which leads to environmental and physical barrier
to communication.

SEMANTIC BARRIES:
Semantic is the study of meaning, signs and symbols used for communication. Semantic barriers to
communication are the symbolic obstacles that distorts the sent message in some other way than
intended, making the message difficult to understand.

EXAMPLES AND IT CAUSES:

Homophones: Homophones are the words with same pronunciation but different meaning which might
have different spelling too. For example: Words buy, by and bye. They have same pronunciation, but
different meanings and spellings.

Homographs: Homographs are the words that have the same spelling but the pronunciation and
meaning are different. For example, “The research lead to the discovery of lead”. In this sentence, both
the words have the same spelling, but different pronunciation and different meanings.

Cultural difference: Any words have fixed meanings in different norms. So, confusion arises in
communication due to meaning of different signs and symbols in different cultures, causing semantic
barrier. The use of the “Swastika” symbol in Hinduism and for German Nazi cab be taken as an example.

The symbol was used by Hitler for his rule and is taken as something to fear, whereas swastika in
Hinduism takes it as auspicious and lucky. People belonging to these two cultures take the symbol
differently. If people belonging to these two cultures talk or use the symbol, it can lead to conflicts.

CULTURAL BARRIES:
A cultural barrier is an issue arising from a misunderstanding of meaning, caused by cultural differences
between sender and receiver.

Language issues: For example, if a manager can communicate with a team of Chinese speakers because
he can speak Mandarin, but cannot communicate with a French speaker because he cannot speak
French, then it’s easy to recognize the issue.

Signs and symbols: Non-verbal communication like signs and symbols differ from culture to culture and
can therefore not be relied upon in communication. For example, the “thumbs up”, known in the
Western world as a sign of approval, is seen as an insult in Bangladesh.

Behaviors and belief: Cultural differences cause behavioral and personality differences like body
language, gestures, mindsets, communication, manners, and norms, which may lead to
miscommunication. Eye contact, for example, is very important in some cultures, but rude and
disrespectful in others.

PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS:
Physiological barriers to communication are related with the limitations of the human body and the
human mind (memory, attention, and perception).

Expression our emotions through facial expressions: A subtle way of communication with others. We
can say one thing with our words, but express something different through our facial expressions. For
example: A smile to show happiness or agreement. A frown to let someone know you are unhappy. A
lowering of your brows to show someone you are angry or frustrated.

Pride and attiude: The need to be right all the time will not only annoy others, it can shut down effective
communication. For example, you might focus only on your perspective, or you might come up with
ways to shoot down other people before you even listen to their points.
Anger: Anger can affect the way your brain processes information given to you. For example, angry
people have difficulty processing logical statements, limiting their ability to accept explanations and
solutions offered by others.

VARGING CAUSED BY PERCEPTION OF REALITY:

The way an individual perceives a subject or an event affects the way in which his/her thoughts about it
are converted while communicating—sending, receiving, interpreting or analyzing a message.

Selective Perception: In the organizational context, selective perception means paying attention to
information that supports your ideas and ignoring the rest. For example, if you dislike some teachers,
you would tend to focus on their negative personality characteristics and ignore any positive qualities
that would be inconsistent with your opinion of them.

Beliefs: One of the most fundamental perception barriers, beliefs guide people in the way they view the
world. Strongly held beliefs have the power to sway people’s opinions and perspectives. For example, if
a senior manager believes that a team of young employees won’t be able to manage a project on their
own because they lack experience, they may not delegate responsibilities as confidently.

Expectations: An expectation is the tendency to find in a situation or a person what one expects to find.
Our expectations have a big impact on how we perceive the world around us. For example, when we ask
people how they are doing, we expect them to answer, "Fine, thank you." If their response is
accompanied by negative body language, we may choose to ignore the nonverbal information because it
is not consistent with our expectations.