NURUL SYAFIQA BINTI ISMAIL (GS58268)

Question:
a.    Analyse the importance of strategic planning in education.

Answer:
As a consequence of globalization, the idea of strategic planning has come to be
vital for authoritative accomplishment in education. According to Mintzberg (1994)
characterizes strategic planning as a "formalized procedure to produce articulated result, in
the form of an integrated system of decision". Strategic planning is basic as far as limiting
the vulnerability of future and to give manageable upper hands (Demir and Yılmaz, 2010).
It can help an association in assisting with anticipating the future. The significance of
strategic planning originates from an attention on the ideas of mission, vision and
recognizing developmental directions for the association. It causes the association adjust to
an evolving climate, thinking methodically, and empowering viable administration and
authoritative proficiency.

Therefore, it is conceivable through strategic planning to assess openings and

dangers, decide the qualities and shortcomings of the association, focus their consideration
on the fundamental issues and difficulties looked by the association (Altan, Kerman, Aktel
and Öztop, 2013). Usage of the strategic planning measure requires to go through an
analysis of the qualities in the association, useful and situational plans and foundation of a
viable correspondence network among school partners. Besides, education pioneers need
to make strategic planning a need, and backing all partners in acquiring a comprehension
of this process. In expansion, the production of the important construction for strategic
planning, school climate mindfulness, advancement of effective work and volunteer
interest to the essential arranging interaction ought to be empowered.

In Malaysia, since freedom in 1957, the Federation has given an enormous,

extraordinary and ceaseless concentration to fabricate and improve its national education
system and strategy. This is plainly exhibited in huge monetary interests in education,
thorough education plans, also, resulting strategy changes to meet the country's goals to
develop pair with worldwide requests. In fact, the Malaysian educational framework can
be viewed as an illustration model created to help public turn of events and financial
development. To accomplish a fruitful instructive quality, Ministry of Education (MOE)
should focus closer on the key factors, for example, in the human resources field
(Okwukweka and Obiageli, 2015). Indeed, Okwukweka and Obiageli (2015) also
emphasize that essential administration and vital arranging at school isn't a mishap, yet can
likewise be seen as an exertion or cycle, and this administration require key arranging into
a complete school day by day execution. Even though the viability of strategic planning
has been discussed quantitative and subjective considers (Bell, 2002), notwithstanding, in
Malaysia setting is as yet lacking. Be that as it may, not all associations are
accomplishment with their systems (Widodo, 2018), there are a few issues should be
address previously usage vital administration in school.

Through the education framework, strategic planning gives potential and freedom
to organizers to act proactively to the future, innovation, and the climate in general.
Authenticity an education improvement methodology should put powerful showing
rehearses as a vital strategy for improvement and strategy management is an unsafe
administration (Yureva et al., 2016). In strategic planning, the future we need to be
characterized should be at first characterized through the organization and joint effort of
the different organizations of concerned instructive accomplices concerned. At that point,
the education systems for planning a particularly future can be planned. At the end of the
day, the picture of the proper learning systems and strategy ought to be given at the stage,
and afterward an understanding is reached through a continuous specialized examination,
investigation, and adjustment and the most significant strategic management achievement
key factor in any training is human resource to accomplish a fruitful association as school
(Amoli and Aghashahi, 2016). Through examination of qualities, shortcomings, current
freedoms and dangers inside and outside the association, strategic management thought
can be arranged (Kaufman and Herman, 1991).

Contrasting the ideal circumstance and existing requirements clarifies the

fundamental instructive necessities related with item, yield, and between time results. Sub-
necessities are likewise estimated relative to the connection among information sources
and cycles. Then, working projects are created furthermore, actualized subsequent to
having the option to separate prerequisites, for example, target instructive objectives or
then again execution models through prerequisites, for example, assets, strategies,
procedures, and systems (Latorre and Blanco, 2013).
 There are different terminology utilized in strategic administration and different
ways to deal with execute. There is none ideal approach to do strategic planning. Each
piece of the establishment has its own translation of approaches and exercises in strategic
administration. Notwithstanding, what is nonexclusive to key administration is a
commonplace level that includes comparable exercises led in comparative request. In fact,
the executives have included four fundamental stages: examination, arranging, usage and
assessment. Vital administration is a consistent stage for example, assessing framework
basic investigation, arranging strategy plan and assessment, activity arranging, the board
and observing, lastly auditing and assessing. Some views on strategic is perplexing,
disordered, and oftentimes separated from every day exercises and dynamic. In the interim,
encounters and exercises gained from usage, observing what's more, assessment give
criticism to tailor the exercises that have been done and accordingly the strategy detailing
and activity arranging (UNESCO, 2006).
Question:
b.    Propose how you are going to inculcate strategic planning culture in education?

Answer:

Once the plans and methods for achieving objectives and mission have been
identified, the next step is to begin “doing”. This step involves the continuation of some
on-going strategies as well as the beginning of some new strategies. Keller (1983) says that
a strategic planning process is essential to help campuses make a successful transition from
what has been to what is now and to what will be in the future.

Focusing on inculcate the strategic planning culture in education, the hole among
saying and doing (thought and activity) features a basic point in the arranging interaction.
On the off chance that arranging is the thing that individuals in associations do, not what
they say they will do, at that point their (or the organization's) aim is auxiliary to their
activities and the aftereffects of those activities. By focusing upon those activities,
scholarly directors can decide what execution means for authoritative results (Levy,
Meltsner, and Wildavsky 1974).

Rowley, Lujan, and Dolence (1997) recommended that the most ideal approach to
decide if an arrangement is deserving of execution is to decide the sufficiency of the
arranging cycle itself. Those cycles that effectively build up a goal comprehension of
outside and interior conditions and afterward propose strategies that utilization institutional
asset in the best way to exploit recognized and arising instructive freedoms will
undoubtedly result in the making of a feasible arrangement. In the event that those
conditions are not met, maybe the subsequent arrangement ought not to be actualized. The
arrangement should be open and liquid (Mintzberg 1994) and change in accordance with
conditions both inside and outside the establishment.

Implementation is a fragile interaction, and as grounds pioneers (both authoritative

and scholarly) move from wanting to execution, they need to look for strategies for
execution that address the specific conditions of their individual grounds (Rowley and
Sherman 2001), as we have contended previously. To oblige the effective execution of a
grounds key arrangement, two things are significant: (1) key organizers should know their
alternatives for actualizing the arrangement and (2) choosing the proper technique for
usage will help guarantee a higher level of accomplishment. In conclusion, to inculcate
strategic planning culture in education we need to know and understand well what to do
with plan.
References:

Altan, Y., Kerman, U., Aktel, M., & Öztop, S. (2013). Strategic planning in public
administration: Metropolitan municipalities’ case. Suleyman Demirel University
The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 18(3), 111-130.

Amoli, S.J., & Aghashahi, F. (2016). An investigation on strategic management success

factors in an educational complex. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 230,
447-454.

Demir, C., & Yılmaz, M. K. (2010). Strategic planning process and its importance for
organizations. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi
Dergisi, 25(1), 69- 88.

Kaufman, R., & Herman, J. (1991). Strategic planning in education: Rethinking,

restructuring, revitalizing. Lancaster, PA: Technomic.

Keller, G. 1983. Academic Strategy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Latorre-Medina, M.J., & Blanco-Encomienda, F.J. (2013). Strategic management as key to

improve the quality of education. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 81,
270-274.

Lewis, R. G., and D. H. Smith. 1994. Total Quality in Higher Education. Delray Beach,
Fla.: St. Lucie Press.

Mintzberg, H. (1994). The rise and fall strategic planning. New York: The Free Press

Mintzberg, H. 1994. The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. New York: Free Press.

Okwukweka, C.F., & Obiageli, E.C. (2015). Problems of implementation of strategic plans
for secondary schools’ improvement in Anambra State. Academic Journals of
Educational Research & Reviews Social & Behavioral Sciences, 81, 270-274.

Rowley, D. J., H. D. Lujan, and M. G. Dolence. 1997. Strategic Change in Colleges and
Universities: Planning to Survive and Prosper. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Rowley, D. J., H. D. Lujan, and M. G. Dolence. 1997. Strategic Change in Colleges and
Universities: Planning to Survive and Prosper. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
UNESCO (2006). National Education Sector Development Plan: A result based planning
handbook, Paris.

Widodo, U. (2018). Grand theory model of strategy quality: Strategic asset approach at
industry. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 17(2).

Yureva, O.Y., Yureva, O.V., & Burganova, L.A. (2016). Strategic management in higher
education system: Methodological approaches. Academy of Strategic Management
Journal, 15(2).