2015-2016 - Erasmus Exam Score:

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Date: 19.03.2016

PART 1: LISTENING (9 points)

WHILE LISTENING
Instruction: Listen to the lecture and circle the correct answer. (9x1=9 pts)

1. Where does Dr. Tom Wilkins work?

A) The Center
B) The Science Center
C) The Music Science Center
D) The Music Center

2. What is Dr. Wilkins’ recent study on?

A) Music B) The brain and music
C) The role of music D) The role of the brain

3. What did the scientists find related to music?

A) Old instruments B) Records of first music
C) Animal skins and bones D) The first drum

4. What is the relation between music and culture?

A) Music has a great effect to form culture.
B) Different cultures have the same music to remind traditions.
C) Music brings different cultures together.
D) Music makes different cultures unique.

5. What type of music is especially good for studying?

A) Rock B) Classical C) Jazz D) Hip-hop

6. Which of the statements is NOT TRUE about the benefits of music?

A) It activates brain.
B) Brain waves flow freely.
C) The brain gets bigger.
D) The brain becomes ready to learn.

7. How does playing music help school children?

A) It helps them play a musical instrument easily.
B) It helps them have better communication.
C) It helps them improve their language skills.
D) It helps them be successful at school.

8. How can doctors use music?

A) They can use music to help patients with memory problems.
B) They can study deep inside the brain.
C) They can use it to remember patients’ names.
D) They can activate the music skill in patients’ memory.

9. How can music help the injured people?

A) It helps them work harder.
B) It helps them talk about their problems.
C) It helps them move.
D) It helps them make friends.

2015-2016 – ERASMUS EXAM 1

 PART II: READING (16 points)

Reading 1 Japanese Employees

1 In Japan, there is a close relationship between the worker and his company. Employees work hard and
do hours of unpaid overtime to make their firms more efficient. If necessary, they give up weekends with the
family to go on business trips. They are loyal to their organizations and they are totally involved with them. The
system of lifetime employment creates a strong link between the enterprise and its workforce. It covers about
5 35% of the working population. Generally, when a person joins a firm after leaving high school or university, he
expects to stay with that firm until he retires. He has a secure job for life. Therefore, he will not be laid off if the
company no longer needs him because there is no work. Instead, it will retrain him for another position. The pay
of a worker depends on his seniority; that is to say, on the years he has been with the firm. The longer he stays
there, the higher his salary will be. When he is 30 or 40 years old, therefore, he cannot afford to change jobs. If
10 he did move, he would also lose valuable benefits. Promotion depends on seniority as well. Japanese managers
are rarely very young, and chief executives are at least 60, and very often 70 years old. The Japanese have a
special way of making decisions. They call it the consensus system. This is how it works: when a firm is
thinking of taking a certain action, it encourages workers at all levels to discuss the proposal and give their
opinions. The purpose is to reach a consensus, or general agreement. As soon as everyone agrees on the right
15 course of action, the decision is taken. Because of this method, a group of workers, rather than one person, is
responsible for company policies. One advantage of this is that decisions come from a mixture of experience
from the top, the middle, and the bottom of an enterprise. Another advantage is that junior staff frequently
suggest ideas for change. A disadvantage, perhaps, is that decision-making can be slow.

A. Instructions: Choose the correct options to complete the sentences or answer the questions true to the
reading. (6x1=6pts.)

10. In Japan, the companies and their employees have a close relationship _____.
A) in order to increase the level of productivity
B) as Japanese culture values work more than family life
C) so that the workers won't look for work elsewhere
D) despite the amount of unpaid overtime they have to do

11. If there is no longer any work for a Japanese employee, _____.

A) it is impossible to find another job
B) retirement is the only option
C) the company doesn't fire him but trains him for another position
D) the company will continue to provide the essentials for his family

12. Although the Japanese consensus system can mean that decisions are not made quickly, _____.
A) no workers are excluded due to their position or lack of experience
B) at least when the decision is reached everyone will be happy
C) it is much more efficient than systems in other countries
D) company rules will be for all the workers

13. What is the word “laid off” in line 6 closest in meaning to?
A) unhappy B) useless C) dismissed D) off road

14. What is the word “consensus” in line 12 closest in meaning to?

A) common confrontation B) common silence
C) common disagreement D) common agreement

15. Which of the options can be inferred from the passage?

A) The employees are not content with the company rules.
B) When a mistake is made, it is easy to find who is guilty.
C) Resigning is not logical in the Japanese system.
D) An employee is given a ceremony when they resign.

2015-2016 – ERASMUS EXAM 2

Reading 2 Cleaner Air for Phoenix

1 In the 1960s, many people moved to Phoenix, Arizona for its clean, dry, desert air. This was the place to go if
you had lung problems, such as severe allergies or asthma. By the 1990s, however, this quality had changed. The
city's fast growth brought a lot of construction and many more cars. Dust particles in the air and pollution from
the cars created what is called the “brown cloud” that sits over the city. Part of the problem is the location of the
city, which is in a desert valley. At night, the cool air catches the pollutants, so they can’t escape into the
atmosphere. In 2009, Phoenix was listed as one of the worst cities in the U.S. for air pollution. Asthma rates in
Phoenix have increased significantly. Residents of the area all agree that the air quality in Phoenix must be
improved.

2 One way Phoenix has begun to approach the air quality problem is by creating a new law to control emissions
from cars. The law requires residents to have their cars checked regularly to ensure that they are not releasing
high levels of air pollutants. Drivers who don’t follow this requirement must pay a fine (an amount of money
that you must pay for breaking a law or rule). In addition, people are encouraged to carpool (ride in groups) and
telecommute (work from home).

3 A second way the city is cutting down on air pollution is by controlling the use of wood stoves and outdoor
wood-burning ovens. The law limits when these kinds of stoves can be used. People are encouraged to replace
these with other kinds of stoves that use different sources of energy, such as natural gas. Arizona has created
“burn-free” days to address this growing problem.

4 Finally, perhaps the most important solution to Phoenix’s air quality problem is the construction of a light rail
(train) system. This system was completed in 2008. It provides transportation within the city of Phoenix, and it
also connects Phoenix with the cities of Tempe and Mesa. People can easily reach downtown Phoenix to work or
socialize. The number of people using the light rail system is increasing. Its original goal was to carry 26,000
passengers daily, but within the first year the number reached 35,000 riders each weekday. People are beginning
to change their lifestyles in order to take the train instead of their cars. With fewer cars in the downtown areas,
there will be less pollution and the air quality will improve.

5 Phoenix still has a long way to go before the clean air returns completely. Hopefully, though, with all of the
regulations and changes in lifestyle, the pollution will eventually decrease to a level that is healthy for its
residents.
A. Instructions: Circle the correct answer according to the passage. (10x1=10pts.)
16. What is the article mainly about?
A) Phoenix has dirty air.
B) People with lung problems should not move to Phoenix.
C) Phoenix is working to improve its air quality.
D) Phoenix is trying to stop wasting its sources.

17. Why did people choose Phoenix to live in?

A) It had different sources of energy for heating.
B) It had an efficient transportation system.
C) It used to have fresh and beneficial, unpolluted air.
D) It had a strong and dependable law system.

18. In paragraph I, the word “particles” is closest in meaning to _____.

A) small pieces B) harmful ingredients C) beneficial parts D) useful bits

19. According to the text “brown cloud” means _____.

A) collected harmful gases and dirt in the air
B) a type of cloud which brings cool winds
C) the constructional growth of the city
D) a different type of pollutant which is only released by cars

20. How does the city’s location in a desert valley affect its pollution?
A) The cool air at night holds in the pollutants and they cannot leave the area.
B) Pollutants escape into the atmosphere when the air is cool at night.
C) The hot air results in many more people using air conditioning.

2015-2016 – ERASMUS EXAM 3

D) It provides dryness and cleanness to help the city get rid of air pollution.
21. In paragraph 2, the pronoun “they” refers to _____.
A) requirements of the law B) residents
C) cars D) emissions

22. Which of the followings is NOT an example of the precautions against air pollution?
A) Applying legal rules against the high level release of pollutants.
B) Replacing harmful techniques of producing energy with natural sources.
C) Encouraging people to work at home rather than travelling to work every day.
D) Encouraging the use of private transportation systems.

23. What does “burn free” mean?

A) It means using wood-burning ovens outdoors.
B) Not using wood stoves or ovens.
C) Giving free stoves to residents of the area.
D) Encouraging people to change their stoves to wood-burning ovens.

24. What fact proves the success of the light rail system?
A) It connects three cities: Phoenix, Tempe, and Mesa.
B) The number of daily rides is equal to the original goal.
C) The number of daily riders is greater than the original goal.
D) It is the easiest way to reach downtown.

25. When Phoenix’s air quality improves, what change may happen?
A) Asthma rates will decrease.
B) People will be able to stop taking the train and drive to work instead.
C) The light rail system will reach 1,000,000 riders.
D) People with certain illnesses will move out of the city.

PART III: USE OF ENGLISH (10 points)

A. Instructions: Choose the correct answer. (10x1=10pts.)

26. All the lights in Terry’s room are turned off. He_____ sleeping.
A) must have been B) had to be C) must be D) must not be

27. I would like to know _____ the trains will be running normally during the public holiday.
A) which B) who C) whether D) what

28. _____ Medipol University students will be able to speak English fluently after graduation is undeniable.
A) How B) When C) Why D) The fact that

29. By next October, George _____ in the United States for ten years.
A) will have been living B) will be living C) will leave D) is to live

30. If it _____ Monday today, we _____ stuck in traffic on the way to work now instead of eating our breakfast
on the balcony.
A) is/will be B) has been/are
C) were/would be D) had been/could be

31. _____ he had a broken leg, he continued to go to class.

A) Nevertheless B) Even though
C) Whereas D) Because of

32. I wish a flight to London _____ less than two hundred pounds, then we would fly there a lot more often.
A) costs B) could have cost
C) cost D) will cost

33. Teachers always tell their students _____.

A) when they came to the lesson B) not to cross the street when the traffic light is red

2015-2016 – ERASMUS EXAM 4

C) doesn’t cross the road on a red traffic light D) don’t ask many questions if they are not asked to

34. Do you ______ or do you do it yourself?

A) clean your windows B) get your windows clean
C) have your windows cleaned D) have cleaned your windows

35. She should take her coat with her _____ the weather changes. It might snow in the afternoon.
A) despite B) in case C) only if D) so that

PART IV: VOCABULARY (15 Points)

A. Instructions: Choose the appropriate word from the options below to complete each gap. (5x1=5pts.)

36. I can’t stand people who are always ______– just say what you mean and make it clear!
A) ambiguous B) stable C) ambiguity D) stability

37. Since the 1990’s, the _______of cancer among children has decreased, due to better knowledge on the
subject.
A) incidence B) acquired C) miracle D) substantial

38. I was _______a large export company before I retired three years ago – I am enjoying my new freedom!
A) charge B) charging C) in charge of D) in charging of

39. He _______ a huge amount of money when he sold his farm – now he’s living in a luxurious house in the
Bahamas.
A) donated B) acquired C) exploited D) lost

40. The sailor was not ______to the dangers of the sea, and got into huge difficulty during the storm.
A) biased B) alert C) concentrated D) creative

B. Instructions: Choose the appropriate word from the options below to complete each gap according to
the context. (10x1=10pts.)

What are the (41) _______of people getting to do their dream job? Most of us would say very small,
right? Well I would disagree with that, and here’s why. Two years ago, I was working in a boring office job,
which I hated. As a result, I became really unhappy and my health started to (42) _______. Even though I knew
that paying my rent and living expenses would become difficult and a(n) (43) _______if I left my job, I knew I
couldn’t stay there. When I told my boss, he was angry and really (44) _______ towards me, but I didn’t care. I
walked out of the office and tried to remember the (45) ______ I had of what I wanted to be when I was a child –
it was a writer. The next day, I took my laptop to a local café and started writing with (46) ______ - it was great
doing something I loved again. One day, I had a chance (47) ______ with a book agent, who asked to read some
of my material. With a lot of his (48) ______, he helped me improve my (49) ______ to the topics I wanted to
write about, and he told me not to always show (50) ______towards one point of view – in his opinion, giving a
balanced opinion is really valuable! Now, I am writing my first book and I hope to publish it next year. You can
achieve your dreams! Never give up!

41. A) disadvantages B) encounters C) odds D) facilities

42. A) deteriorate B) increase C) flourish D) devastate
43. A) environment B) assumption C) source D) burden
44. A) stable B) hostile C) practical D) rational
45. A) image B) imagination C) approach D) dilemma
46. A) encouraging B) fatal C) moral D) enthusiasm
47. A) occasion B) concept C) encounter D) individual
48. A) guidance B) obligation C) reaction D) conservation
49. A) approach B) conflict C) hurdle D) trait
50. A) motive B) ethics C) bias D) conversion

2015-2016 – ERASMUS EXAM 5