PROCESS DESCRIPTION:

The treatment process is selected based on the characteristic of raw incoming influent. Due
to the high concentration of BOD and COD, all the treatment process in the system will be
designed to ensure the discharge is properly treated to meet both standards parameters and
ammoniacal nitrogen before being discharge into the normal drain.

The treatment system will consist of:-

1. Slurry tank

The raw wastewater will be pump into slurry tank. This tank come with micro-bubble
generator at the bottom of the tank. This is to allow separation of water and oil. Oil slurry will
float at the top of the tank and overflow to the mixing tank.

2. Polymer preparation unit

Polymer is used to coagulate suspended solids and produce large curds of solid materials
(floc). Polymer solution is prepared in the Polymer preparation tank. The polymer powder is
poured into the hopper of the Polymer preparation tank and will be mixed gradually with
water.

3. Mixing tank

Overflow from the slurry will be flow to the mixing tank. Before entering the mixing tank,
polymer will be dose in the piping to pre-mix the polymer and the slurry. Then, it will be
further mixed in the mixing tank. Overflow from the mixing tank then will be flow to decanter
centrifuge.

4. Decanter centrifuge

The feed product is flow into the decanter centrifuge through the inlet. Feed goes into a
horizontal bowl, which rotates. The bowl is composed of a cylindrical part and a conical part.

The separation takes place in the cylindrical part of the bowl. The fast rotation generates
centrifugal forces. Under these forces, the solid particles with higher density are collected and
compacted on the wall of the bowl. A scroll (also screw or screw conveyor) rotates inside the
bowl at a slightly different speed. This speed difference is called the differential speed. This
way the scroll is transporting the settled particles along the cylindrical part of the bowl and
up to the end conical part of the bowl. At the smallest end of the conical part of the bowl, the
dewatered solids leave the bowl via discharge opening. The clarified liquid leaves through a
paring disc.
6. Clarified Water tank
The clarified water effluent from the decanter will then pump to the Clarified Water tank. The
clarified water will then pump to the Filter Bag Housing.
7. Filter Bag Housing
The filter bag hosing acts as pre-filter before proceeding with further treatment. Filter bag is
used to filter out the coarse solid in the water. By retaining solid at the surface of the filter
bag, a cake will be deposited. Clearer water will be flow at the bottom of the filter bag housing
to the packed bed reactor (PBER)
8. Packed Bed Electro Reactor (PBER)
Electro oxidation system can effectively transform non-biodegradable pollutants into non-
toxic biodegradable substances by rapidly oxidizing a wide range of organics pollutants
through generations on highly reactive groups of hydroxyl radical, (OH).
It has efficiency in further reducing of the toxicity level in the wastewater that they can
improve the biodegradability of organic compounds through the use of reactive radical.
The remarkable ability of the reactive radical to react in a flash with the organic compounds
that leads to the production of organic radicals whereby these radical in nature are reactive
to the presence of oxygen. It leads to a series of chain reaction which the end process of
mineralization of organics matter is the generation of carbon dioxide and water.
There are two major processes in the Electro Oxidation i.e. indirect oxidation and direct
oxidation. The organic pollutants can be eliminated by means of indirect oxidation whereby
a mediator is electro generated to carry out the oxidation. Direct anodic oxidation where
pollutants are being destroyed on the anode surface by the anodic electron-transfer reaction.
Hydroxyl (OH) radicals are being produced on the anode surface to enhance the rate of
oxidation as it is a strong, non-selective oxidizing agent that reacts instantaneously with
organic compounds viz. hydroxylation (oxidative degradation of organic compound in the air
which converts liphophilic compounds into hydrophilic products that are more readily
excreted) assisted by the addition of hydroxyl group to a non-saturated bond or
dehydrogenation with the loss of hydrogen atom following a radical mechanism until their
overall mineralization that converts the initial product into carbon dioxide, water and
inorganic ions.
9. Sand Filter and Carbon Filter
Effluent from the PBER will flow to the Sand filter and Carbon filter. Sand filter used to strains
out the most of the particles. In activated carbon filtration, forces of physical attraction or
adsorption of contaminants to the pore walls is the most important process. The amount and
distribution of pores play key roles in determining how well contaminants are filtered. The
best filtration occurs when pores are barely large enough to admit the contaminant molecule.
Because contaminants come in all different sizes, they are attracted differently depending on
pore size of the activated carbon.
10. Effluent tank
Effluent from the filter vessels will flow to the effluent tank. Effluent tank for recycle or reuse
is provided to retain effluent water from the treatment plant. The water will the then use for
dilution of polymer in Polymer Preparation Unit or will be discharge at the discharge point.