e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com

FUZZY MODELING OF AUTOMATIC GREENHOUSE CONTROL

Kelvin Ndubuisi Nnamani *1
*1Master’s Degree Student, Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe
University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
A green nursery has a number of greenhouses which need constant attention. To save workers having to
continuously check them, an automatic computer-controlled system is introduced. Each greenhouse needs to be
kept at constant temperature and constant Humidity. These can be controlled by overhead Ventilators, Fan,
Heater and Mister at every 10seconds interval. Fuzzy-logic tool box gave rise to generalized bell-shaped (Gbell)
membership function employed in the plot analysis where the “IF THEN RULES” apply in determination of rule-
editor and rule viewer. The defuzzification method used is centroid method.
Keywords: Fuzzy Modeling, Linguistic Variables, Greenhouses control, Universe of Discourse, Generalized bell-
shaped Membership Function, Fuzzy Rules.

I. INTRODUCTION
It is paramount important that smart greenhouses should be constantly checked on autonomously by
monitoring the temperature and humidity without having to visit the nursery often. This can be done by
installing greenhouse controllers such as overhead ventilator, Fan, Heater and Mister at specified time interval.
The intelligent fuzzy modeling employed IF THEN RULES in the control to set up minimum requirement for the
temperature and Humidity ranges as well as the consequent fuzzification and defuzzication centroid method.
The greenhouse has computerized /smart nursery which is geared at attending to the need of farmers for the
optimal growth of their crops without damages or delay in production as well as reduce production cost. The
A/D conversion enables the computer to read values from the sensors. The greenhouse was programmed using
generalized bell shaped membership function such that the Fan or Overhead ventilators are put ON or CLOSE
when the Temperature goes above normal and the Mister or Heater put ON when the humidity goes below
normal and vice versa.
II. METHODOLOGY
The information of the greenhouse control was gathered in a smart (Computerized) greenhouse with Controls
such as Overhead Ventilator, Heater, Fan and Mister to process the response of Temperature and Humidity
control. The data collection took place around September, 2019 considering the response of each control panels
at every 10 seconds interval. Each greenhouse needs to be kept at constant temperature and constant Humidity.
These can be controlled by:
 Opening or closing overhead ventilators-Opening the ventilators lowers the temperature and humidity,
while closing the ventilators highs them;
 Switching a fan ON or OFF – ON lowers the temperature
 Switching a heater ON or OFF-ON highs the temperature
 Putting Misters ON or OFF- highs the humidity
 The greenhouse has suitably placed sensors to measure temperature and Humidity. The temperature
sensors is digital but the Humidity sensors is analogue. The computer receives readings from the sensors.
Reading from the humidity sensor are passed through an analogue –to-digital converter. It is programmed
to check humidity and temperature at 10 second intervals and take appropriate actions e.g. If temperature is
Too Low, then switch the heater ON, SHUT the ventilator SLOWLY, checking humidity and temperature,
switch the Fan OFF if necessary. If humidity is Too Low, then; put the Mister ON until humidity recovers.
We choose the generalized bell form of membership function of the linguistic inputs and outputs during the
calculation. The generalized bell function depends on three parameters a, b and c as given by ( )
where the parameter b is usually positive. The parameter c locates the centre of the curve. Enter the
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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com
parameter vector parameters, the second argument for gbell mf, as the vector whose entries are a, b, and c,
respectively. A defuzzifier compiles the information provided by each of the rules and makes a decision from
sets defined by the inference engine to the output of models to a standard crisp signal. The centroid method of
defuzzification takes a weighted sum of the designated consequences of the rules according to the firing strength
of the rules. Fuzzy rules are a collection of linguistic statements that describe how the fuzzy controller should
make a decision regarding classifying an input or controlling an output. Fuzzy rules are always written in the
following:
(1) If (Temperature is Too Cold) and (humidity is High) then (Overhead ventilator is CLOSE) (Fan is OFF)
(Heater is OFF) (Mister is OFF).
(2) If ( Temperature is Too Cold) and (humidity is Very Low) then ( Overhead ventilator is SHUT
SLOWLY)(Fan is OFF)(Heater is ON)(Mister is ON)
(3) If ( Temperature is Cold) and (humidity is Low) then ( Overhead ventilator is OPEN)(Fan is ON)(Heater is
OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(4) If ( Temperature is Cold) and (humidity is Very High) then ( Overhead ventilator is CLOSE)(Fan is
OFF)(Heater is OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(5) If ( Temperature is Warm) and (humidity is Normal) then ( Overhead ventilator is OPEN)(Fan is
ON)(Heater is OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(6) If ( Temperature is Hot) and (humidity is High) then ( Overhead ventilator is CLOSE)(Fan is OFF)(Heater is
ON)(Mister is ON)
(7) If ( Temperature is Hot) and (humidity is Low) then ( Overhead ventilator is OPEN)(Fan is ON)(Heater is
OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(8) If ( Temperature is Hot) and (humidity is Very High) then ( Overhead ventilator is CLOSE)(Fan is
ON)(Heater is OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(9) If ( Temperature is Too Hot) and (humidity is High) then ( Overhead ventilator is CLOSE)(Fan is
ON)(Heater is OFF)(Mister is OFF)
(10)If ( Temperature is Too Hot) and (humidity is Very High) then ( Overhead ventilator is OPEN)(Fan is
ON)(Heater is OFF)(Mister is ON)
III. MODELING & ANALYSIS
The analysis of the experiment are shown in table 1 and figure 1-6 below. In the analysis, temperature has
universe of discourse -30 to 95 and five degree of membership; humidity has universe of discourse 5 to 80 and
five degree of membership; all the controls outputs have 0 to 10 and uniform degree of membership, except
overhead ventilator with three membership function.
Table-1: Range and the number of membership function of fuzzy controller parameters

Linguistic Universe Number of Fuzzy Type of

variables of Membership variable Membership
discourse function Function

Temperature -30 to 95 5 Too cold Gbell mf

Cold
Warm
Hot
Too Hot
Humidity 5 to 80 5 Very Low Gbell mf
Low
Normal
High
Very High
Overhead 0 to 10 3 CLOSE Gbell mf
Ventilator SHUT SLOWLY
OPEN

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com

Fan 0 to 10 2 OFF Gbell mf

ON
Heater 0 to 10 2 OFF Gbell mf
ON
Mister 0 to 10 2 OFF Gbell mf
ON

Figure 1: FIS Editor for Automatic control of Greenhouse

Figure 2: Membership function for linguistic input Variable “Temperature"

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com

Figure 3: Membership Function for second linguistic input Variable “Humidity"

Figure 4: Membership Function for Control “Overhead Ventilator”

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Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com

Figure 5: Rule Editor for Automatic Greenhouse Control

Figure 6: Rule Viewer for Automatic Greenhouse Control

IV. CONCLUSION
The idea of fuzzy modeling is to reduce complexity in modeling a function mathematically; rather the set of
inputs; Temperature and Humidity were processed using the set of fuzzy logic base rules to actualize the
targeted response. The greenhouse is constantly on the check to monitor some environmental anomalies which
could have been a hazard to the nursery farm. The decision making strategies aimed at making control actions
which mimic human action. The generalized membership was the ideal one to employ due to several inputs and
many outputs.

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
Volume:03/Issue:03/March-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com
V. REFERENCES
[1] Carlos Robles Algarian, Jesus Callejas et al (2017), “Low-cost fuzzy Logic control for Greenhouse
Environments with web Monitoring” Electronics. 71 pages.
[2] Lia Kamelia, Liberty Chaidir, et al (2015) “Design Of Smart Green House Control System For
Chrysanthemum Sp. Cultivation Based On Humidity, Light And Temperature Sensors” Research gate. 5
pages.
[3] Sun Rong-Gao, Wan Zhong & Sun De-Chao (2009). “Greenhouse Temperature and Humidity Intelligent
Control System” Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS Int. Conf. On Circuits, Systems, Signal and
Telecommunications (CISST'09). ISBN: 978-960-474-42-0. Pp: 120-125.
[4] Sriraman1 and R. V. Mayorga (2007) “Climate Control inside a Greenhouse: An Intelligence System
Approach Using Fuzzy Logic Programming” Journal of Environmental Informatics 10(2) 14-20.

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