COVID-19 and

The solution

dr. Azzaky, Sp.PD, FINASIM

 Born in Padang, December 20,
CURRICULUM 1985
Education :
VITAE 1. FINASIM PB PAPDI (2020)
2. Internal Medicine Specialist I Faculty of
Medicine UGM (2016)
3. S1 General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine
UGM (2009)
4. State High School 1 Padang (2003)
5. State Junior High School 1 Padang (2000)
6. Pertiwi Primary school 3 Padang Timur
Kodya Padang (1997)
 Job/position:

1. Internal Medicine Specialist Dr.RSUP dr.

CURRICULUM Soeradji Tirtonegoro
VITAE Klaten (2016 – present)
2. Head of POKJA KIPI Klaten Regency (2021-
present)
3. National Health Community Core
Board(Komkesnas) Period 2019-2024
4. Team Leader and Geriatri Working Group of
RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten (2017 –
present)
5. DIKTI Journal Reviewer (2016 – present)
6. Pembina Hemophilia Association Klaten
Regency (2017-present)
7. FKKMK UGM Clinical Lecturer
 What is COVID- 19?

Corona Virus Disease- 2019 is a

disease caused by a virus Severe
acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
 First reported as mysterious
pneumonia in Wuhan,
China, 31 December 2019

Pneumonia: inflammation of the lungs

caused by pathogens such as
viruses/bacteria/fungi
 How many people are
infected with COVID-19?

270 million cases

5.31 million deaths

4,26 million cases

144 thousand deaths

Per 2 November 2021

 How is the trend of
COVID-19 cases now?

12 December 2021
new case: 163 cases
average 7 days : 208 cases
 How is the trend of
COVID-19 cases
now?
12 December 2021
new case: 419.050 cases
average 7 days : 610.958 cases
How can it be
contagious?
Direct Indirect
● Direct splash ● Droplets spill on
● 1-2 meters distance the surface of
from people who are objects
coughing/sneezing
without covering ● Then we touch
with our hands,
our hands touch
our face (eyes,
nose, mouth)
DROPLETS / SPRINGS OUT WHEN without washing
our hands
COUHGING / SNEEZING
Droplet vs.Airborne
 What are the signs
and symptoms?

Fever Headache

Cough and sore

Anosmia
throat

out of breath muscle ache

 COVID-19 attack

This COVID-19 attack will cause lung tissue to

be difficult to expand so that after recovery,
the remainder of this infection is the
appearance of scar tissue (fibrosis) which
causes lung tissue to become hard, inelastic
and unable to filter air for breathing like
normal lung function.
While the infection is still ongoing or when the
infection process has ended, the wound or
damage that occurs can last longer with the
emergence of maladaptive healing in the form
of excessive scar tissue formation (fibrosis).
As a result of changes in lung tissue, several
symptoms will appear, such as dry cough,
shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue and
decreased oxygen levels in the body. One of
the efforts that can be done to reduce the
impact caused by pulmonary fibrosis is to
perform breathing exercises as early as
possible, starting from the onset of infection to
post-COVID-19 infection.
In patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),
the most common clinical symptoms are fever and
cough, shortness of breath, and other breathing
difficulties in addition to other nonspecific symptoms,
including headache, dyspnea, fatigue, and muscle
aches. In addition, some patients also report digestive
symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. COVID-19 is
similar to SARS and MERS in several clinical
manifestations. Fever occurs in 98-100% of patients
with SARS or MERS, compared with 81.3% of patients
with COVID-19.
A total of 18.7% of patients had no fever on
admission, indicating that the absence of fever
cannot rule out the possibility of COVID-19.
Although the patient initially has a fever with
or without respiratory symptoms, varying
degrees of pulmonary abnormalities develop
later in all patients, and this can be seen on a
chest CT scan.
Although diarrhea occurs in about 20-25% of patients
infected with MERS-Cov or SARS-Cov, intestinal symptoms
are rarely reported in patients with COVID-19. Typical mild
COVID-19 pneumonia begins with opaque glass opacities in
small lower lobes, subpleural, unilateral, or bilateral, which
then progresses to a pattern of paving and subsequent
consolidation.
 Respiratory
Rehabilitation
The respiratory system rehabilitation program (respiratory)
by doing several exercises to keep lung tissue exposed to
COVID-19 maintained from the start so that the effects of
fibrosis or hardening of lung tissue can be reduced. If it can
be done from the start of COVID-19 infection, especially
during the self-isolation period at home, then the results
obtained will be better to maintain lung capacity.
The principle of respiratory rehabilitation is a simple, safe,
easy-to-apply exercise that can be done anywhere,
including during self-isolation at home.
The role of breathing exercises is to maintain lung
development, conserve energy (saving energy) when
breathing or doing activities and to maintain fitness
during this COVID-19 pandemic.
This exercise also aims to reduce the rate of fibrosis or
scar tissue formation in the lungs. Along with improving
the mechanism of lung expansion, the body's oxygen
supply and gas exchange in breathing will improve,
thereby reducing the fatigue that often appears when
infected and still remains after COVID-19
The breathing exercises provided consist of a
series of exercises to regulate the rhythm of
breathing, chest development exercises that
activate the supporting muscles of the chest
cavity or chest wall, as well as exercises for the
main respiratory muscles (diaphragm exercises).
 Breathing Exercises
Setting: isolation at home and ward

Sitting
mobilization relaxation and
chest wall
shoulder joint
mobilization
exercises

deep prone
breathing cough exercise position
practice
 Is there a
cure for
COVID-19?
So far, there is no cure for COVID-19. The
treatment given is only supportive and
prevents complicationsSo prevention is much
more important
Then,how
do we
prevent it?
 Covid-19 prevention

wash hands with always wear a mask

soap and water or when leaving the
hand sanitizer house

Do not crowd and reduce physical

maintain a minimum contact, especially
distance of 2 meters shaking hands
 Covid-19 prevention

Avoid touching the

apply cough and
face area before
sneeze etiquette
washing your hands

Get enough rest

run a clean and
and keep your body
healthy life
fit
Prevention of spread in the workplace

If someone is sick with Procurement of

Make sure the
workplace is symptoms and is at risk, hand sanitizers,
clean and rest at home or go to a hand washing
hygienic health facility stations, posters

Consultation When
Minimize crowds by
workers will travel out of
implementing shift
town or abroad, especially
work and work from
those who are infected
home
Prevention of spread on public
transportation
Limit holding
Wash your hands handles on buses or
Avoid using cell after leaving public
phone transportation trains

Stay away from

Avoid touching your If you are sick,
people who are
face, nose, mouth and wearmask properly
coughing and
eyes
sneezing

Avoid rush hours

Jangan lupa jaga kesehatan mental !

It's natural to feel sad,

depressed, confused, and Talk to those closest to you Only listen to
angry during a crisis about how you feel information from
trusted sources

Don't smoke, drink Maintain a healthy lifestyle,

Reduce the consumption of alcohol or take balanced nutrition, regular
news and social media about drugs exercise, and adequate sleep
COVID-19 that make you
worry
what to
do if
positive
for
COVID-
19?
No symptoms

Self-isolation for 10 days since Control to the FKTP after Always obey health
confirmed COVID-19, both at
home and in other facilities the isolation is complete protocols
prepared

Sunbathing 10-15 minutes Supplementation of vitamin C,

every day Close contact family vitamin D, and other
members should get supportive drugs
themselves checked
Supplementation

Vitamin C: 3-4x 500 mg, 14

days (non acidic), 2x500 30
days (acidic) orallyVitamin
D: 1000-5000 IU/day
Mild Degree

Asymptomatic therapy + Antiviral + symptomatic therapy

Moderate – severe/critical
degree
Immediate isolation and treatment in the COVID-19
isolation room at the Referral Hospital or COVID-19
Emergency Hospital
What do you
need to
prepare for
self-isolation
at home?
 Prepare the following things

Disinfectant Vitamin Mask Medicines Oxymeter Termometer

● Perform routine checks for temperature (normal 36.5-37.5) and oxygen saturation
everydays (normal >95%)
● Use telemedicine services for medicines and vitamins
● Have an emergency contact number such as an ambulance, the nearest health service
facility to take you if something goes wrong
 HEALTH PROTOCOL
SELF-INSULATION AT HOME

During isolation the patient is not allowed to carry out activities with other household
members, such as watching TV, eating together, chatting in the living room, etc

• patient eats in the room

• Air circulation in the room is well
maintained (there is a fan)
• there is air ventilation in the room (open
the window)The patient's room door is
always closed
• There is a separate trash can lined with a
plastic bag

Patients can bask in the sun for 1-30 minutes

 KEEP YOUR DISTANCE

food, snacks and other items are placed

outside the room

no other family members enter the room

of a person infected with covid

if it is very urgent, people who enter the

room must use masks, disposable gloves
and patients in the room use masks
 SURROUNDING THINGS

• cutlery, plates, glasses, separate towels for those

infected with covid
• wash equipment with soap and running water, it is
recommended to keep wearing a mask when washing.
After washing the equipment, wash your hands with
soap and running water for 20 seconds
• clothes, bed linen, blankets that have been used by
people infected with covid, soak them in soapy water
and just take them out of the room, when handling use
disposable gloves and wash your hands for 20 seconds
• drying and ironing clothes separately
 BATHROOM

ideally separate bathroom

if not possible, people infected with covid

use the bathroom after others use. then
clean and disinfect the bathroom with
disposable gloves.

should self-clean the sink and old

toothbrush

after use, give pause for air circulation

before being used by other family
members.

people infected with covid have their own towels and

toiletries and don't share
What is
Herd
Immunity?
Herd Immunity

A condition in which a large proportion of the

population is immune to a particular infectious
disease thereby providing indirect protection or
herd immunity for those who are not immune to
that infectious disease
Vaccines are very important forcreate
herd immunity and solve the COVID-
19 pandemic
Vaccine options that can be accessed in Indonesia

Moderna

• 65.3% efficacy • 78% efficacy

• 62,1% efficacy
• The interval of the first • The interval of the first
• The interval of the first
and second injections and second injections
and second injections
is 28 days is 21-28 days
is 12 week
• side effects: pain, • side effects:
• side effects: fever,
irritation, swelling, headache, muscle
pain, nausea, fatigue
fatigue, fever aches, diarrhea, cough
How far is the vaccination
rate in Indonesia?
Let's get vaccinated at
the nearest health
facility

For the sake of

INDONESIA FREE of COVID-19
Beware of
Hoaxes
 Garlic prevents
transmission of
COVID-19

So far there has been no research that

conclusively proves this
 COVID-19 is
transmitted via
packages from
China

The results of the analysis of data on the

coronavirus showed that the virus did not last
long on the surface of objects, especially
packages that had been sent for days from
China.
COVID-19 is so
deadly that we
need to panic

The results of the analysis of data on

coronavirus show that COVID-19 has a
mortality rate of around 2-3%, much
lower than other outbreaks (SARS,
MERS, Swine Flu).

No need to panic, but stay alert

COVID-19 spreads
through swimming
pools
According to the CDC, there is no
evidence that the coronavirus can survive
in water or be transmitted through water.
Swimming pool water contains chlorine
which can kill viruses

However, you still have to be vigilant

andkeep your distance from other
swimmers
 Bear milk can cure
COVID-19

Bear milk cannot kill the SARS-CoV-2

virus.However, milk is still good for meeting
daily nutrition but must be accompanied by
the consumption of other foodstuffs
Pengendalian Komorbid secara teratur

● Diabetes Mellitus ● Kegemukan

● Hipertensi ● Keganasan

● Penyakit Ginjal Kronik ● Penyakit Auto imun

● (Lupus)
● Penyakit Jantung
THANK YOU