Website Design For NGO

A MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

B.Tech.
IN
Computer Science and Engineering

SESSION: 2021-22
Submitted to

RAJIV GANDHI
PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA
BHOPAL (MP)
Submitted by
NAME OF THE CANDIDATE(S)
1. Narendra Niraj (0111CS181071)
2. Shikhar Kapoor(0111CS181108)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Technocrats Institute of Technology, Bhopal

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA,
BHOPAL (MP)

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this Major project report “Website Design For NGO” is submitted by

“Narendra Niraj(0111cs181071) and Shikhar Kapoor(0111cs181108)” who carried

out the project work under my supervision.

<<Signature of the Head of the Department>> <<Signature of the Supervisor>>

Dr. Vivek Sharma Dr. Kiran Pandey

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR

<<Academic Designation>>

Computer science &engineering Computer science & engineering

Anand nagar in front of hathikheda dam

Anand nagar in front of hathikheda dam

<<Signature of Head of Institution>>

Counter signed by

Dr. Bhupendra Verma

DIRECTOR

Technocrats Institute of Technology,

BHOPAL (MP)
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DECLARATION

This is to certify that Major Project Report entitled “Website Design For NGO”
which is submitted by me/us in 8th semester (Jan – June 2022) for partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of B.Tech. in Computer
Science and Engineering to TIT, BHOPAL, affiliated to RGPV, BHOPAL comprises
only my/our original work and due acknowledgement has been made in the text
to all other material used.

  

Date: Name of Student/s & Enrollment No/s

<<Sign>>

1. Narendra Niraj(0111cs181071)

<<Sign>>

2. Shikhar Kapoor(0111cs181108)

 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our deep sense of gratitude to Prof. Dr. Kiran Pandey, department of
Computer Science & Engineering T.I.T, Bhopal, whose valuable guidance and
timely help encouraged me to complete this project.

A special thank goes to Dr. Vivek Sharma (Prof. & HOD) who helped us by
providing timely suggestions in completing this project work. He exchanged her
interesting ideas & thoughts which made this project work successful.

We would also thank our institution and all the faculty members without whom this
project work would have been a distant reality.

Name of Student/s & Enrollment No/s

<<Sign>>

1. Narendra Niraj(0111cs181071)

<<Sign>>

2. Shikhar kapoor(0111cs181108)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF SYMBOLS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. Chapter 1

1.1 GENERAL

1.2 .... .........

1.2.1 General

1.2.2 ...........

1.2.2.1 General

1.2.2.2 . . . . . . . . . .

1.2.2.3 . . . . . . . . . .

1.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .

1.4 ..................

COST ESTIMATION
 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

REFERENCES. /BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX

(All Data sheets, as it is, & Coding if any)

Chapters – (A) Introductory chapter

(i) Usefulness of the Project (ii) Literature Survey

(B) Chapters developing the main theme of the project work

(i) Flowchart or System Analysis, with material / Component data & reason of choice.

(ii) Implementation Method

(iii) Testing (according to Project) & test data/Graphs etc.

(iv) Comparison of design data with test data & reason for difference

(C) Conclusion.
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ABSTRACT: -

People are feeling helpless when they really need help in their
life when hard times comes in their life. The objective of the
paper is to provide help to needy one when they need help In
their day to day life by providing solution to their problem in
very efficient and simple manner. The project report has been
prepared based on available data, forecasts provided by experts
and other project management tools. The real-life situation can
be little different depending on the circumstances. The project
is considered as not for profit. Full effort has been given to
complete each and all pros and cons, so that they are taken into
account. There is always room for improvement

LIST OF TABLES
Chapters – (A) Introductory chapter

(i) Usefulness of the Project

(ii) Literature Survey

(B) Chapters developing the main theme of the project work

(i) Flowchart or System Analysis, with material / Component data & reason of
choice.

(ii) Implementation Method

 (iii) Testing (according to Project) & test data/Graphs etc.

(iv) Comparison of design data with test data & reason for difference

14 – Conclusion

# List of symbols: -
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LIST OF FIGURES
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 INTRODUCTION

As technology advances internet is becoming ever popular. Website has become

an essential part. Often website of an organization is used as major requirements
to rate it. Thus, having a website is essential for any major organization. As one of
the NGO among many others NGO in India and in the world needs to have a useful
and stunning website to showcase the NGO and use as a medium to interact with
People. Notice, research works, NGO activities, digital local library etc. can be the
major advantages of a website. On this project we will develop a website for the
NGO. On this report almost every detail that is necessary has been discussed.
Although maximum effort has been given to estimate events and expenses. There
are some optional features that can be included or excluded. Also, the
organization do not have any web specialist so a third party has been selected to
host the website. It will cost around 36000 a year.
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But the plus point is we will get 24/7 support. Cost can be minimized in this
section, but maintenance has been given priority over cost. Detailed task list and
Gantt charts has been included in the appendix to get clear picture of the project.
Every possible disclosure has been made to cover maximum areas of the project.
This report can be amended and changes can be made upon request from the
stakeholders. The work will be done by a team with a supervisor from faculty
member. So, no profit has been added. Only extra charges for different roles have
been added. Overall, a useful website can be really helpful for the Organization.

# Dissertation Motivation

The motivation of Designing a website for NGO came through my day-to-day life
experience. As i am aware of the fact that there are too many around 3.3 million
NGO in India and most of them are not on internet and people are not aware of
their work and their expertise in which that particular NGO is working. So, i think
this is the loss of people at ground who needs help from Ngo but they cannot reach
them as well as this NGOs are also not aware of the problem of needy one people.
This all things motivated me to design a website for NGO.

Objectives

1. Here we are trying to solve the problem of others (others means those who
are needy one).
2. Develop platform as a connector to the needy one people and helping one
people.
3. We are working to connect with almost every samaratian.
 Challenges

There are different challenges in our work some of them is given below:

 DESIGNING TEMPLATE:

 TYPING BARRIER:

 Language Selection: we know that we have number of programming language by which

we can complete our PROJECT BUT WE USE JAVA FULL STACK AND OPEN-
SOURCE PLATFORM LIKE WORDPRESS AND GOOGLE FORM TO COMPLETE
OUR PROJECT.

4. LITERATURE SURVEY
4.1 JAVA SERVER PACKAGES:

A Java Server page is a technology for developing web pages that include dynamic
content. Unlike plain HTML page, which contains static content that always
remain the same, a JSP page can change its content based on any number of
variable items, including the identity of the user, the user browser type, information
provided by the user and the selection made by the user. This functionality is key to
web applications such as online shopping and employee directories, as well as for
personalized and internationalized content. A JSP page contains standard markup
language elements, such as HTML tags, just like a regular webpage. However, a
JSP page also contains special JSP elements that allow the server to insert dynamic
content in the page. JSP elements can be used for a variety of purpose, such as
retrieving information from a database or registering user preferences. When a user
asks for a JSP page, the server executes the JSP elements, merges the results with
the static parts of the page, and sends the dynamically composed page back to the
browser. JSP defines a number of standard elements that are useful for any web
applications, such as accessing JavaBeans components, passing control between
pages and sharing the information between requests, pages and users. Developers
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can also extend the JSP syntax by implementing application specific data. One
such set of commonly needed custom elements is defined by a specification related
to the JSP specification: the JSP standard tag library (JSTL) specification. The
combination of elements and custom elements allows for the creation of powerful
web application. In the early days of web, the common gateway interface (CGI)
was the only tool for developing dynamic web content. However, CGI is not an
efficient solution. For every request that comes in the web server has to create a
new operating system process. Load an interpreter and script, execute the script and
then tare it all down again. This is very taxing for the server and doesn’t scale well
when the amount of traffic increases. Numerous CGI alternatives and
enhancements, such as fast CGI, mod_perl from Apache, NSAPI from Netscape,
ISAPI from Microsoft and java servlets from sun micro systems, have been created
over the years. While these solutions offer better performance and scalability, all
these technologies suffer from a common problem: they generate web pages
embedding HTML directly in programming languages code. This pushes the
creation of dynamic web pages exclusively into realm of programmers. Java server
pages, however, changes all that.

4.2 HTML

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language based on the standard generalized
markup language, which is used to design the general, structure of various kinds of
documents. It is page description language like neither postscript, nor it a language
that can be easily generated from your favorite page layout program. HTML by
virtue of SGML heritage is a language for describing structured documents. Now
days designing and programming web pages on the internet are very hot things
where the pages designed with HTML. HTML is a system for making of
documents with informational tags that indicates how the documentation is linked
together, hypertext links are powerful. HTML is a hot spot in the current situation
though it is used for structuring the document but also in the html markup scheme
lies the power to create interactive, cross platform, multimedia, client-server
applications.
 This string of adjectives is not just hype, such systems do exit and are called world
wide web (www), lives on the internet providing organization to a wide variety of
resources as computers located around the globe. The web, also known as www,
plays a large part in continuous development of HTML, and the WEB will play a
large part in the way you write and structure HTML documents. The www
represents the large possible audiences for your work. HTML is very hot track of
today on internet because it is highly interactive. Interactively between web client
and server is possible in HTML by filling the forms, which are possessed by CGI
scripts, and is written in any languages. It means, we can include JAVA, PERL,
JavaScript, VBScript etc., in HTML to make the pages still more powerful and
attractive.

4.2.1 HYPERLINKS

Hyperlinks play a major role in HTML, hyperlink is a link which when clicked
takes you to a screen where a more detailed information of that link will be
available, hyperlink can even point to a remote document, in the sense that it can
point to a document, which resides in a different directory. When the movement of
the mouse looks like a plain with the finger pointing upwards, it implies that is a
hyperlink.

4.2.2 DIFFERENT WAYS OF ORGANIZING CONTENT ON WEB SITES

Effectively organizing the content can make difference between a website that
people put on their favorite list and the one they leave in frustration of not being
able to find what they want. People commonly organize their pages according to
hierarchical, linear or spider web link structures.

4.3 OVERVIEW OF JDBC

JDBC is a java-based API for executing SQL statements. (As a point of interest,
JDBC is a trademarked name and is not an acronym; nevertheless, JDBC is often
thought of as standing for “Java Database Connectivity”). It consists of a set of
classes and interfaces written in Java programming languages\. JDBC provides a
standard API for tool/database developer and makes it possible to write it possible
to write database applications using a pure java API.
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Using JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to virtually any relational database.
In other words, with the JDBC API, it is necessary to write one program to access a
Sybase Database, another program to access the Oracle database, another program
to access an Informix database, and so on. One can write a single program using
the JDBC API, and the program will be able to send the SQL statements to rhe
appropriate database. And, with an application written in a Java programming
language, one also doesn’t have to worry about writing different applications to run
on different platforms. The combinations of Java and JDBC let the programmer
write it once and run it anywhere.

Java being robust, secure, easy to use, easy to understand, and automatically
downloadable on the network, is an excellent language basis for databases
applications. What is needed is a way for Java applications to talk to a variety of
different databases. JDBC is the mechanism to do this.

JDBC extends what can be done in Java. For example, with the java and the JDBC
API, it is possible to publish a web page containing an applet that uses the
information obtained from the remote database. Or an enterprise can use JDBC to
connect all its employees to one or more internal databases via internet. With more
and more programmers using the Java programming language, the need for easy
database access from Java it’s continuing to grow.

THE JDBC DRIVERS:

Java soft has classified JDBC drivers into following four types:

JDBC-OBBC Bridge plus ODBC driver:

A JDBC-ODBC bridge provides JDBC API access via one or more ODBC drivers.
Note that some ODBC native code and in, many cases native database client code
must be loaded on each client machine that uses this type of driver. Hence, this
kind of driver is generally most appropriate when automatic installation and
downloading of a Java technology application is not important.
Native API parity Java driver:

A native-API partly java technology-enabled driver converts JDBC calls in to calls

on the clients API for Oracle, Sybase, Informix, DB2, or other DBMS. Note that,
like the bridge driver, this style of driver requires that some binary code be loaded
on each client machine.

JDBC-NET PURE JAVA DRIVER

A net-protocol fully Java technology-enabled driver translates JDBC API calls

into a DBMS-independent net protocol which is then translated into a DBMS
protocol by the server. This net server middleware is able to connect all of its Java
technology-based clients to many different databases. The specific protocol uses
depends on the vendor. In general, this is the most flexible JDBC API alternative.
It is likely that all vendors of this solution will provide products suitable for
Intranet use. In order for these products to also support Internet access they must
handle the additional requirements for security, access through the fire walls, etc.,
that the web imposes. Several vendors are adding JDBC technology-based drivers
to their existing database middleware products.

Native protocol pure Java driver:

A native-protocol fully java technology-enabled driver converts JDBC technology

calls into the network protocol used by the DBMS directly. This allows a direct call
from the client machine to the DBMS sever and is practical solution for Intranet
access. Since many of the protocols are proprietary the database vendors
themselves will be the primary source for this style of driver. Several database
vendors have these in programs.

CONNECTION:

A connection object represents a connection with the database. A connection

session includes the SQL statements that are executed and the results that are
retuned over the connection. A single application can have one or more
connections with a single database, or it can have connections with many different
databases.
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OPENING A CONNECTION:

The standard way to establish a connection with a database is to call the method
Driver manager. get connection. This method takes a string containing a URL. The
driver manager class, refer to the JDBC management layer, attempts to locate a
driver that can connect to the database represented Driver classes, and the method
get connection is called, it checks with each driver in the list until it finds one that
can connect uses this URL to actually establishes the connection.

<sub-Protocol>-usually the driver or the database connectivity mechanism., which may be supported be one or more
drivers. A prominent example of a sub protocol name is “oracle”, which has been reserved for URLs that specify “thin”-style

data source names

<sub name> -a way to identify the database. The sub names can vary, depending on the sub protocol, and it can have a sub

name with any internal syntax the driver writer chooses. The point of a sub name is to give enough information to locate the

database.

SENDING STATEMENT:

Once a connection is established, it is used to pass SQL statements to its underlying database. JDBC does not put any restrictions on the kinds

of SQL statements that can be sent; this provides great deal of flexibility, allowing the use of database-specific statements or even Non-SQL

statements. It requires, however, that the user be responsible for making sure that the underlying database can process the SQL statements

being sent and suffer the consequences if it cannot.

DRIVER MANAGER:

The driver manager class is the management layer of JDBC, working between the user and the drivers. It keeps track of the drivers that are

available and handles establishing a connection between a database and the appropriate driver. It addition the driver manager class attends

to things like driver login time limits and the printings of log and tracing messages. The only method in this class that a general programmer

needs to use directly is Driver Manager Get Connection. As its name implies, this method establishes a connection to a database.
4.4 OVERVIEW OF DATABASE:

What is a database?

A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, database can

be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

Relational Databases:

A relational database matches data by using common characteristics found within the data set. The resulting groups of data are organized

and are much easier for people to understand. For example, a data set containing all the real-estate transactions in a town can be grouped by

the year the transaction occurred; or it can be grouped by the sale price of the transaction; or it can be grouped by the buyer’s last name; and

so on. Such a grouping uses the relational model(a technical term for this is schema).Hence, such a database is called a “relational database”.

The software to do this grouping is called a relational database management system. The term “Relational database” often refers to this type

of software. Relational databases are currently the predominant choice in storing financial records, manufacturing and logistical information,

personnel data and much more.

DESIGNING A DATABASE:

Database design is the processing of producing a detailed data model of a database. This logical data model contains all the needed logical

and physical design choices and physical storage parameters needed to generate a design in a data definition language, which can then be

used to create a database. A fully attributed data model contains detailed attributes for each entity.

Steps Followed in designing a database:

• Determine the purpose of your database.

• Determine the tables you need in the database.

• Determine the fields you need in the tables.

• Identify fields with unique values.

• Determine the relationships between tables.

• Refine your design.

4.5 JAVASCRIPT
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JavaScript is an object-oriented scripting language used to enable programmatic access to object with in both the client applications. It is

primarily used in the form of client-side JavaScript, implemented as an integrated component of the Web-Browser, allowing the development

of the enhanced user interfaces and dynamic web sites. Java Script is a dialect of the ECMA Script standard and is characterized as a dynamic,

weakly typed, prototype-based language with first class functions. Java Scripts was influenced by many languages and was designed to look

like Java, but to be easier for non-programmers to work with.

(B) Chapters developing the main theme of the project work

SYSTEM DESIGN

5.1 Use case diagram:

In its simplest form a use case can be described as a specific way of using the
system from a user’s (actor’s) perspective. A more detailed description might
characterize a use case as:

• A pattern of behavior the system exhibits

• A sequence of related transactions performed by an actor and the system

• Delivering something of value to the actor

Use case provides a means to:

• Capture system requirements

• Communicate with the end users and domain experts

• Test the system

 Use cases are the best discovered by examining the actors and defining what the
actor will be able to do with the system. Since all the needs of a system typically
cannot be covered in one use case, it is usual to have a collection of use cases.

5.2 Sequence Diagram:

A sequence diagram is a graphical view of a scenario that shows object interaction

in a time-based sequence what happens first, what happens next. Sequence
diagrams establish the roles of objects and help provide essential information to
determine class responsibilities and interfaces. Sequence diagrams are closely
related to collaboration diagrams and both are alternate representations of an
interaction. There are two main differences between sequence and collaboration
diagrams: sequence diagrams show time-based object interaction while
collaboration diagrams show how objects associate with each other. A sequence
diagram has two dimensions: typically, vertical placement represents time and
horizontal placements represents different objects. The following tools located on
the sequence diagram toolbox enable you to model sequence diagrams:

1) Object

2) Message icons

3) focus on control

4) Message to self

5) Note

6)Note anchor

Amenities Management System:

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a) Use case Diagram: Login

b) Sequence Diagram: Login

COLLABORATION DIAGRAM: LOGIN
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CLASS DIAGRAM
E) ACTIVITY DIAGRAM:LOGIN
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FOR ENTIRE SYSTEM

(A) USE CASE DIAGRAM
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(D) CLASS DIAGRAM

 # TESTING
What is testing?

A process of executing a program with the explicit intention of finding errors, that
is making the program fail. Testing is the process of detecting errors. Testing
performs a very critical - role for quality assurance and for ensuring the reliability
of software. The results of testing are used later on during maintenance also.

Psychology of Testing:

The aim of testing is often to demonstrate that a program works by showing that
it has no errors. The basic purpose of testing phase is to detect the errors that
may be present in the program. Hence one should not start testing it the intent of
showing that a program works but the intent should be to show that a program
does not work. Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of
finding errors.

Testing Objectives:

The main objective of testing is to uncover a host of errors, systematically and

with minimum effort and time. Stating formally, we can say,

• Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.

• A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet discovered error.

• A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding error, if it exists.

• The tests are inadequate to detect possibly present errors.

• The software more or less confirms to the quality and reliable standards.

Software Testing:
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It is the process of testing the functionality and correctness of a software by

running it. A good test case is the one that has a high probability of finding an as
yet undiscovered error. A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet
undiscovered error. Software testing is usually performed for one of the two
reasons.

• Defect detection.

• Reliability estimation.

Black Box Testing:

Black Box Testing is not a type of testing; it instead is a testing strategy, which
does not need any knowledge of internal design or code etc. As the name "black
box" suggests, no knowledge of internal logic or code structure is required. The
types of testing under this strategy are totally based/focused on the testing for
requirements and functionality of the work product/software application. Black
box testing is sometimes also called as "Opaque Testing", Functional/Behavioral
Testing" and "Closed Box Testing".

White Box Testing:

White box testing is a security testing method that can be used to validate whether
code implementation follows intended design, to validate implemented security
functionality, and to uncover exploitable vulnerabilities White box testing is
performed based on the knowledge of how the system is implemented. White box
testing includes analyzing data flow, control flow, information flow, coding
practices, and exception and error handling within the system to test the intended
and unintended software behavior. White box testing can be performed to validate
whether code implementation follows intended design, to validate implemented
security functionality, and to uncover exploitable vulnerabilities.
 CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE

Everyone is aware of Internet these days and it is the only way to propagate our
information. The data and maintain and format the data requested by the authority.
Also, to formatted the text to embed into World Wide Web. The data is about to
change all the time so we will update it all the time possible. The web sites are
going to the future of getting information.

We developed our platform as a connector to the needy one people and helping one
people means if anybody need help of any kind they can come to our platform and
there are also helping one people which help them out if they found their problem
is genuine.so we can say that we are connector.

Talking about future scope we know that our expansion will be exponentially as if
anyone need help, they do not go to their neighbor house nor to their relative.
Instead of going anywhere they search out on internet and we are providing him
with solution of their problem.so in upcoming years our userbase will be increasing
and also our reach will be up to the next level.
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Cost Estimation

As we know to show the website on internet to public, we need Domain

and also hosting provider as we didn’t have men for doing this.so there
are some costs came like:

product Price in Rs

Hosting charge 36,000

Maintenance charge 10,000
Domain charge 5,000

Total 51,000

We also need manpower who can connect helping one people with our
platform and also, we need advertising agency to spread our
organization goal. So, in this process some cost also occurs: -

Manpower Cost 1,20,000

Advertising cost 60,000/year
total 1,80,000
REFERENCES

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Wagner Course Technology Thomson Learning, pp. 37-255.
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[5] Aranda-M., G. and Stewart, P. (2005), “Barriers to E-Business
Adoption in construction international literature review”, pp. 33-49
[6] Ayo, Charles K. (2006). “The Prospects of e-Commerce
Implementation in Nigeria, Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce”,
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[7] Amar. K., Sohani, (2009), “Technology and Banking Sector”, ICFAI
University Press, pp. 1-39
[8] Brahm C., (2009) “E-Business and Commerce Strategic Thinking
and Practice”, Houghton Mifflin, pp. 114-312.
[9] Chiemeke, S. C., Evwiekpaefe, A. and Chete, F. (2006), “The
Adoption of Internet Banking in Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation,
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce”, vol. 11, No.3, pp 33-49
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[10] David W, (2001) “E-Commerce Strategy, Technologies and

Applications”, Tata McGraw Hill, pp. 3-143.
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(2002). “Electronic Banking in Finland: C

[16] J. B. Schafer, D. Frankowski, J. Herlocker, and S. Sen,

“Collaborative filtering recommender systems, “The Adaptive Web:
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[17] M. J. Pazzani and D. Billsus, “Content based recommendation

systems,” The Adaptive Web: Methods and Strategies of Web
Personalization, pp. 325-341, 2007.

[18] E. J. Humphrey, J. P. Bello, and Y. LeCun, “Moving beyond feature

design: deep architectures and automatic feature learning in music
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408, October 2012.
APPENDIX: -
Why I design this platform is the most important questions and
what resources do I follow and documents that I used in designing
my website is explained here.
Helping other is our fundamental right and doing this is not our
liability but it’s our choice.so I am searching out for the ways of
helping others and I found that if we design website then its blessing
in disguise.so we design this website named BHD foundation.
I look up to various sources for creating my website and some of
them are represented in pictorial form: -
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