Plant Electrical Design

Plant Single Line Diagram :

The complete Power Plant shall comprise of four Blocks, each Block consisting of one (01)
Nos. of 900kW Solar Inverters, one (01) Nos. two winding Inverter Transformers and
associated solar PV Modules. The DC power generated by the PV Modules in each block
shall be converted into 405V, 3 phase, 50Hz, AC power through suitable numbers of solar PV
Inverters. The 405V AC output from Inverter terminals shall be further stepped up to 22 kV
by Inverter Transformers located adjacent to the Inverter Room. An Indicative Electrical
Single Line Diagram for the Complete Plant has been presented in Annexure XXX of this
document.
DC Single Line Diagram:
Mono-crystalline Solar PV Modules LR5-72 HPH 540 M of longi solar has been envisaged
for this Project. Eighteen (18) Modules will be clubbed together in series to form a string.
Several strings shall be connected to each String Monitoring Box (SMB)/ Combiner Box in
parallel. At the SMB end, each string shall be provided with DC fuse. Monitoring shall be
done at string level. The basic function of the String Monitoring Boxes (SMB)/ Combiner
Box shall be to combine group of parallel connected Module strings and connect the same to
the Inverter Individual input terminal. All the individual input terminals of Inverter shall have
disconnection facility. Solar grade DC cables shall be provided for interconnection between
Modules and the SMB/ Combiner Boxes.
DC Side Protection:
The Solar Modules are made of Semiconductor material which will in turn act as a Diode.
These are connected in series to make the desired system voltage. The following protection
equipment’s shall be provided for the Solar PV Module Strings at the String Monitoring
Boxes (SMB)/ Combiner Box end.
 Fuses for Short Circuit Protection.
 Surge Protection Device – To protect from Transfer Surges at the DC side.
AC Single Line Diagram:
The Solar Inverter is the link between the PV Array DC system and the grid connected AC
system. Its basic task is to convert the DC electricity generated by the PV Modules into AC
by synchronizing itself to the frequency and voltage level of the Utility Grid. The Inverter
receives varying DC input power from the Module due to varying nature of solar radiation
and motion of Sun throughout the day & year, which is converted into AC power by its
highly efficient Power Electronics Circuit working based on Multi MPPT mode and
synchronizing to the Grid Frequency and Voltage. The output of the Solar Inverter shall be
900kW, 405V, 50 Hz AC with ± 10 % voltage variation.
Two (02) Nos. two winding Indoor Inverter Transformers, each of rating 1.25 MVA,
22kV/0.405 kV are envisaged for the Plant. One No. of 900kW Solar Inverter shall be
connected with one two Winding Inverter Transformer i.e. one Inverter per Transformer. The
Inverter Transformers will step up the Inverter output voltage of 405V, 50Hz AC to 22kV,
50Hz AC. The power output of two Nos. Inverter Transformers i.e. total 1.8 MW approx.
shall be connected to the Main 22 kV Switchgear through the Cables. From the 22 kV
Switchgear, the generated power shall be evacuated to the Grid Substation.
Auxiliary Power Supply:
For Auxiliary System Power Supply, each inverter station shall consists of 63 kVA ,
405/415V Auxiliary Transformers, each fed from the LV winding of the Inverter Transformer
to meet the common auxiliary load requirements, have been envisaged. The capacities of the
Auxiliary Transformer shall be finalized during detailed engineering based on proper sizing
calculation. In order to ensure reliability in the Auxiliary Power Supply, a Ring Main Scheme
shall be considered.
AC Side Protection:
Inverter Protection: The followings monitoring/ protection features shall be provided for
each Solar Inverter.
 Over Voltage protection
 Grid Monitoring – Adjustable Voltage and Frequency range
 PV Generator connection – Insulation monitoring, polarity reversal protection.
 DC Filter.
 DC disconnect switch.
 AC side Insulation monitoring device
 Earth-fault protection.
AC SIDE PROTECTION: INVERTER TRANSFORMER PROTECTION:
Each Inverter Transformer shall be protected through the VCB at the 22KV Local Switchgear
and Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) on the LV side. The following electrical and mechanical
protections for Inverter Transformers shall be provided:
 50 – Instantaneous Over Current Relay
 50N – Instantaneous Earth Fault Relay
 51 – IDMT over current relay
 51N – IDMT Earth Fault Relay
 49WT – Winding Temperature protection - Alarm / Trip
 49OT – Oil Temperature Protection - Alarm
 OL – Magnetic Oil Gauge (MOG) - Alarm
 63 – Buchholz Relay protection - Alarm / Trip
 PRV – Pressure Release Valve - Alarm / Trip
The above protections will trip the 22 kV VCB through the Master Trip Relay (86). In
addition, the VCB shall be provided with the following protections.
 95 - Trip Circuit supervision protection
 94 - Anti Pumping Relay
AC SIDE PROTECTION: 33KV SWITCHGEAR PROTECTION
The following electrical protections shall be provided at the 22 kV Switchgear end.
 50 – Instantaneous Over Current Relay
 50N – Instantaneous Erath Fault Relay
 51 – IDMT Over current relay
 51N – IDMT Earth Fault Relay
 59N – Residual Voltage Protection for Earth Fault using the Open Delta PT.
The above protections will trip the 22 kV VCB through the Master Trip Relay (86).
In addition, the VCB shall be provided with the following protections.
 95 - Trip Circuit supervision protection
 94 - Anti Pumping Relay
AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION:
Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs) will be provided for the Incomers/ Bus Ties of the
LV Auxiliary Switchboards for short circuit and over current protections. Outgoing feeders
shall be provided with Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB). The design concept of the electrical
system as a whole shall be based on the requirements for safe and reliable operation of the
Plant with provision for easy maintenance. The design and performance requirements of
equipment will be generally as per the latest Mauritius Standards and the Codes of Practice,
International standards like IEC. wherever applicable will also apply.
Codes and Standards:
Lightning and Over Voltage Protection:
The PV Power plant shall be provided with Lightning and Over Voltage protection connected
to proper earth mats. The main aim of the protection is to reduce the over voltage to a
tolerable level before it reaches the PV or other sub-system components. The source of over
voltage can be lightning or other atmospheric disturbances. The Lightning Conductors shall
be made as per applicable International Standards in order to protect the entire Plant from
Lightning strokes. Necessary concrete foundation for holding the lightning conductor in
position will be made. The lightning conductor shall be earthed through flats and connected
to the Earth mats as per applicable International Standards with earth pits. Each Lightning
Conductor shall be fitted with individual earth pit as per required Standards including
accessories and providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate.