INTRODUCTION :

This is a briefing paper regarding for comparing

the autocratic and democratic leadership styles,
when and how both these chosen style affects
healthcare organisation and at last discuss
equality, diversity, dignity in detail.
Leadership : Leadership is influencing people --
by providing purpose, direction, and motivation --
while operating to accomplish the mission and
improving the organization.“
Types Of Leadership Styles :
1.Autocratic leadership : Leaders have the
complete hold over the subordinates and do
not entertain opinions, suggestions, questions
and complains.
2. Bureaucratic Leadership : Bureaucratic
leaders use their position to exercise power
and strict control over the subordinates..
3. Charismatic leadership : Charismatic Leader
has an extraordinary and powerful personality
and acts as a role model for his followers who
follow him blindly.
4. Democratic leadership : Democratic
leadership, also known as participative
leadership or shared leadership, is a type of
leadership style in which members of the
group take a more participative role in the
decision-making process. 
5. Laissez - faire leadership : Leaders are lenient
and assign authority and responsibility to the
subordinates. The subordinates are free to
work as they like to and take their own
decisions with the minimal interference of the
management. Laissez-faire is one of the least
effective styles of leadership.
6. Servant leadership : The servant leader
facilitates goal accomplishment by giving its
team members what they need in order to be
productive.
 7. Task - oriented leadership : The task-oriented
leader focuses on the job, and concentrates
on the specific tasks assigned to each
employee to reach goal accomplishment.
8. Transactional leadership : The transactional
leader is given power to perform certain tasks
and reward or punish for a team’s
performance.
9. Transformational leadership : Here leaders
initiates a revolutionary change in the
behaviour, perception and attitude of the
subordinates.
http://businessjagrons.com/leadership.html

Abstract :
Public health is defined as the science of
protecting the safety and improving the health of
communities through education, policy making
and research for disease and injury prevention.
Autocratic Versus Democratic
leadership Styles :
Autocratic leadership :
The autocratic leader is given the power to make
decisions alone, having total authority. They stand
in master of the people and impose their wills and
no one is allowed to challenge them. This is the
style used by the Catholic Church for example,
dictators and monarchs. On the other end, this
leadership style is seems to be good for
employees that need close supervision to perform
certain tasks.
http://www.academia.edu/474807/
Types_of_leadership_styles
Advantages Of Autocratic leadership :
Many people prefer to work under centralized
authority structure and strict discipline .
Provides strong motivation and reward to a
manager exercising this style.
It permits very quick decision making.
Disadvantages Of Autocratic leadership :
People dislike it when it is strict and the
motivational style is negative.
Employees lacks motivation.
Frustration, low morale and conflict develop,
reducing organizational effectiveness.
 There is more dependence and less
individuality in the organization and future
leaders don’t develop.
https://www.bing.com/search?
q=advantages+and+disadvantages+of+autocrati
c+leadership+style&cvid=29e50b95cfda4e2295f
e8882e84be&aqs=edge..69i57.25625j0j1&pglt=
43&FORM=ANNAB1&PC=DCTSbc6
Autocratic Leadership In The Healthcare
Organisation :
This is the polar opposite of the laissez-faire
approach. This leader will make all or most of the
decisions for the team and is overtly
uncomfortable with delegation. Typically,
mistakes are poorly tolerated in this type of
environment, which may result in a lack of
transparency around quality and safety issues,
making it difficult to improve in these areas. This
may work well in emergency situations where
there may be little time for collaborative decision-
making. It may also work well in situations where
an organization is trying to achieve zero defects,
such as surgical timeouts. However, it may
effectively stifle creative problem-solving among
team members. When that happens the leader
can lose access to valuable insights about
improvement strategies from within the team.
http://www.healthstream.com.resource/blog/ho
w-leadership-styles-in-healthcare-impact-a-staff

Democratic Leadership :
The democratic leader listens to the team’s ideas
and studies them, but hold the responsibility to
make the final decision. Team players contribute
to the final decision therefore increasing people
satisfaction and ownership, feeling their input was
considered when the final decision was taken.
When changes arises, this type of leadership helps
the team assimilate the changes better and more
rapidly than other styles, knowing they were
consulted and contributed to the decision making
process, minimizing Julio Warner Loiseau, BSc.
MPA resistance and intolerance.
http://www.academia.edu/474807/Types_of_lea
dership_styles
Advantages Of Democratic leadership :
Develops plans to help employees evaluate
their own performance.
Allows employees to establish goals.
Recognizes and encourages achievement.
 It is most successful when used with highly
skilled or experienced employees or when
implementing operational changes or
resolving individual or group problems.
Time consuming process of decision-making
Disadvantages Of Democratic Leadership :
In the case of uneducated/unskilled worker,
it is not very effective.
Evasive employees, who prefer not to be
involved, may create problems.
Due to lack of communication-skill, some
important suggestions may get unheard.
http://www.slideserve.com/sasha/as-economics-
and-business-leadership-styles-and-xy-theory-
unit-1-by-mrs-hilton-for-revisionstation
Democratic Leadership In The Healthcare
Organisation :
Democratic leaders encourage staff nurses to
openly communicate and contribute to decision-
making. A democratic leader focuses on building
relationships with an eye on job satisfaction and
staff development. Democratic leadership aims to
improve systems and processes, rather than
blame individual team members for mistakes.
With democratic leadership, however, the
decision-making process is slow due to the
increased participation of all team members. In
some cases, the participation may create anxiety
for nurses who have less experience, while
allowing more experienced nurses to have
disproportionate influence in decision-making.
https://onlinenursing.duq.edu/blog/leadership-
styles-in-nursing/
Equality :
Equality is ensuring that individuals have equal
opportunities in order to make the most of their
talents and lives.  Equality is about no one having
less opportunity or choice because of their beliefs,
gender, race, sexual orientation, background,
family structure or disability. 
http://slideplayer.com/amp/8629203/
Example Of Equality :
Social equality is the belief that all people should
be given equal opportunity to take advantage of
aspects of society, such as jobs or membership in
clubs, and no person should have an advantage
over another. For example, if there were four
candidates for the same job, social equality
dictates that the only elements that should be
taken into consideration are experience and
knowledge and skill level.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/equality-
definition-types-examples.html
Equality Act 2010 :
Equality Act 2010 is an act of the Parliament of
United Kingdom which taking effect from October
2010 prescribes an equal treatment in access to
employment as well as private and public
services.
The act list a set of protected characteristics
which are identified as follow : age, disability,
gender reassignment, marriage and civil
partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race,
religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation. This
act provide a protection of the all provisions with
general indications about common characteristics
of discrimination. In this way, were legislatively
actives the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, the Race
Relations Act 1976 and the Disability
Discrimination Act 1995. The act replace also a
number of Regulations, in which the one relevant
in age discrimination field was the Employment
Equality (Age) Regulations, which take effect
starting from 2006 until the adoption of Equality
act.
The definition of ‘Discrimination’ differs from
statute to statute and it generally consist in
treating one person less favourably than another .
In this way, the Equality Act provide a guidance
which aim to give a general framework of the
different discriminatory situations. It distinguish
among direct discrimination and indirect
discrimination, harassment and victimisation
Following the Act definitions is possible to identify
direct discrimination where because of a
protected characteristics a person is treated less
favourably than someone who does not share
that characteristic. According with the guidance,
Indirect discrimination refer to a policy which
applies in the same way for everybody providing
as effect particularly disadvantages to people with
a protected characteristic.
http://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/empl
oyment-law/analysis-of-the-equality-act-
employment-law-essay.php
Examples of how the Equality Act may help you if
you’re disabled :
Employers will generally no longer be allowed to
ask questions about health or disability before
they offer you a job or before they include you in
a pool of people to be offered a job when a
vacancy arises. However, they can ask you such
questions if they have a good reason.

Diversity :
The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance
and respect. It means understanding that each
individual is unique, and recognizes our individual
differences. These can be along the dimensions of
race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-
economic status, age, physical abilities, religious
beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies.
http://www.slideshare.net/Kgrieve/importance-
of-diversity-in-11652520
Example Of Diversity In Healthcare :
Increased diversity of the health care workforce
can lead to improved satisfaction for racial and
ethnic minority patients. Patients who are treated
by physicians of their own racial or ethnic
background are more likely to report receiving
higher quality care. This preference is evident in
the fact that patients are more likely to choose a
physician of similar background when given an
option.
Increasing diversity in health care also makes it
more accessible to underserved patients—African
American, Hispanic, and Native American
physicians are much more likely to work in
underserved communities than their white
counterparts.
http://www.sgu.edu/blog/medical/pros-discuss-
the-importance-of-diversity-in-health-care/

Dignity :
Dignity refers to the state of being worthy or
honorable. As human beings, we should treat
everyone with dignity. It does not matter whether
that person has a lower status, educational
qualification, or even belongs to a different class
of people. Dignity is treating others in an
honorable manner. The individual can have his
flaws, limitations, and mistakes. Nevertheless, he
should be treated with honor.
For instance, some people ill-treat the poor. They
believe that they have no dignity and can be
treated in whatever way that suits them. They are
exploited and abused in most situations. If we
treat others with dignity, such a situation does not
arise.
http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-
between-dignity-and-vs-respect/
Example Of Dignity :
Recently, a human rights approach has been
center-staged within fisheries governance as a
response to the limits of private property rights in
reducing insecurity and vulnerability among
fishers and fishing communities. Despite its
growing adoption in international legal
frameworks and among civil society organizations,
the conceptual pitfalls of the human rights
approach to fisheries raised by critical scholarship
remain largely unsettled, leading to practical
concerns about whether such a framework will
ultimately benefit fishers on the ground. To
further contribute to the debate, this article
presents a nuanced discussion of the human
rights perspective by introducing the concept of
human dignity. Specifically, it argues that human
dignity, with its greater conceptual scope and
depth, could act as a foundational value with
which to mitigate some of the shortcomings of
the human rights approach. The purpose here is
suggestive rather than definitive and is aimed at
highlighting the link that has not been clearly
made between human rights and human dignity. I
argue that heightened attention to human dignity
has the potential to create wider support for the
human rights approach and ultimately help
facilitate its efficacy in fisheries.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/
pii/S0308597X15002328

Conclusion:
Leadership styles play an integral role in
enhancing quality measures in health care and
nursing. Impact on health-related outcomes
differs according to the different leadership styles,
while they may broaden or close the existing gap
in health care. Health care organizations need to
ensure technical and professional expertise, build
capacity, and organizational culture, and balance
leadership priorities and existing skills in order to
improve quality indicators in health care and
move a step forward.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/
pmc5746707
Autocratic management is one of the types of
management which is used in businesses and
organizations all over the world. Autocratic
management isn’t considered as a favourable
approach in modern day leadership, but it can still
be seen in practice and is a widely discussed
leadership model.
https://studymoose.com/an-autocratic-
leadership-style-essay
For concluding many of the advantages tap
directly into the characteristics of democratic
leadership, which is built on the assumption
that involving team members in the process
of arriving at decisions is a healthy way for
an organisation to operate. There are many
benefits offered by democratic leadership.
We’ve discussed how it can encourage
participation, boost confidence, strengthen
relationships, prioritise good qualities like
honesty, and have noticeable impacts on
morale. leadership style, getting the most
out of democratic leadership requires an
understanding of its principles, and a
willingness of a leader to learn and improve
their leadership technique.

https://www.thesuccessfactory.co.uk/blog/
advantages-of-democratic-leadership

After reading above we can conclude that equality

means ending special rights and providing equal
chances to all the citizens. There is a close
relationship between liberty and equality. There is
also a close relationship between political liberty
and economic equality. Political equality is just a
fraud in the absence of economic quality.
https://slideplayer.com/amp/4891744/
Diversity is about learning from others who are
not the same, about dignity and respect for all,
and about creating workplace environments and
practices that encourage learning from others and
capture the advantage of diverse perspectives.
https://slideplayer.com/amp/5691201/

Those who want to reveal human dignity must

start to search too exist together at the same tme
and in the same. This can not only bring to the
agreement with the freedom of every individual
but that also helps to unfold their freedom. I
humbly believe that every human being has a
dignity, and every human being should be
respected and protected, as Human Dignity
exactly means that every person deserves respect
because every step of human life is precious and
is worthy of having respect and protection and if a
person is taken from him the right to life, the
dignity automatically is taken away from him.
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/theology/
human-dignity-theology-essay.php