Introduction:

The primary objective of this lab experiment is to measure the fundamental frequency of
the sound waves produced by the sonometer and to measure the linear mass density of stretched
string. In addition to these calculations, the error propagations and comparisons were done to
determine the extent of success of results obtained.

Results:
Sample calculations:

Calculation of frequency:

Fundamental frequncy ( theory )=

√
1 W
λ μ

√
1 98 N
¿ ∗
1 Kg
0.00805
m

Fundamental frequncy ( theory )=110.34 Hertz

Fundamental frequncy ( Experiment )=112.3 Hertz

d=∣ Fundamental frequncy ( theory )−Fundamental frequncy ( Experiment ) ∣

d=∣110.34−112.3∣

d=1.96 hertz

Fundamental frequncy ( theory ) −Fundamental frequncy ( Experiment )

% difference= ∗100 %
Fundamental frequncy ( theory )

1.96 Hz
% diffrence= ∗100 %=1.78 %
110.34 Hz

Calculation of Liner mass density (trial 1):

W 9.8 N
Linear mass density ( exp ) = 2 2
= 2 2
f λ (38 ) ∗( 2 )

Kg
Linear mass density ( exp ) =0.001697
m

Kg
Linear mass density ( The ) =0.001843
m
 1
f √
Error∈Linear mass density ( exp )=0.001697∗ 2 2 +2
σ λ 2 σg 2
λ
+2
g

√ ( ) ( )
2 2
1 0.0005 0.6
Error∈Linear mass density ( exp )=0.001697∗ 2 +2 +2
38 2
2 9.8

Kg
Error∈Linear mass density ( exp )=0.000122
m

d=∣ Linear mass density ( The )−Linear mass density ( exp ) ∣

Kg
d=0.001843−0.001697=0.000146
m

Error∈' d' =Error ∈ Linear mass density ( exp )

Kg
Error∈d =0.000122
m

Kg
0.000146
m
% difference= ∗100 %
Kg
0.001843
m

% difference=8 %

Discussion:

Table of results:

Fundamental frequncy ( theory )=110.34 Hertz

Fundamental frequncy ( Experiment )=112.3 Hertz
d d=1.96 hertz
% diffrence=1.78 %
Kg
Linear mass density ( exp ) =0.001697 ± 0.000122
m
Kg
Linear mass density ( The ) =0.001843
m
 Kg
d=0.000146
m
Kg
Error∈d =0.000122
m
% difference=8 %

The value of fundamental frequency from part 1 is measured and calculated as 112.3 Hz
and 110.34 Hz respectively. Both the values differ by a difference of 1.96 Hz and this gives a
percent difference of 1.78%. In addition, the value of linear mass density for trial 1 is measured
and calculated as 0.001697 Kg/m and 0.001843 Kg/m respectively. The error in experimental
value of linear mass density for Trial 1 is 0.000122 Kg/m. The discrepancy value is calculated as
0.000146 kg/m with a error inn discrepancy of 0.000122 Kg/m followed by percent difference of
8%. The values of linear mass density for all three trials containing different values of frequency
and lambda showed same discrepancy and same percent difference.

The major source of source of error in the experiment is the occurrence of relative error
in stretched string. This caused the propagation of error in experimental measurement of
wavelength followed by linear mass density. The other types of error are not propagated as they
are not big enough to considered and it includes systematic error.

Conclusion:

The fundamental frequency of the sound waves produced by the sonometer and the linear
mass density of stretched string are measured and calculated. Comparisons between measured
and calculated values are undertaken to determine the discrepancy and percent differences. Error
prorogations were made and this lab is considered success as the results comes in agreement
within acceptable limits of experimental error.