MPOB Project

Topic: Classical Approach of Management

Group Members- Pakhi Tewari

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 Let's know a little about

The classical theory represents the traditional thoughts about organisations. It is based on the prototype industrial and
military organisation. The theory concentrates on organisation structure and their management. The Classical
Approach is one of the oldest approaches in management and is also known by various names, i.e., Empirical,
Functional and Management Process Approach. The classical approach to management started around the year 1900.
The principles developed under this approach are accepted even today. Its 3 mainstreams:

Scientific Management Administrative Management Bureaucratic Management

Under this that manager’s approach it is felt that more stress should be given to production instead of manpower. It
also believes that the employee is motivated by the economic incentives, according to which employees should be
motivated by monetary rewards. In other words, they will work harder and become more productive if they have an
incentive to look forward to. This gives management easier control over the workforce. Employees feel appreciated
when being rewarded for hard work
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 F.W. Taylor Max Weber Henry Fayol
Also known as Father Of Scientific Also known for his works on Also known for his works on
Management Bureaucratic Theory of Administrative Theory on
Management Management
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 BY F.W TAYLOR

F. W. Taylor is the father of scientific management.

Taylor conducted a number of experiments and came
to the conclusion that the amount of work a labourer
was doing was far less as compared to what he was
s u p p o s e d to b e d o i n g . H e gav e a n u m b e r o f
suggestions to solve this problem and, in doing so; he
gave a scientific outlook to management.

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 B Y TAY L O R

01 02 03 04 05
Science, Scientifically Ensure Equal division Co-operation,
not thumb select & train efficient of
of Rules employees ways of max responsibility not
production individualism

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 1. Unsuitable for the Small Employers
Teclusiques Like time, and motion studies, introduction of managerial specialization, etc.
are tuo costly to be alloeded to by the small employers

2. Unemployment
Scientific management leads to unemployment of workers, especially when mechanical
devices are introduced to replace manual labor

3. Retarding Human Development

According to psychologists scientific management aims officiency at the cost of initiative
In fact, under scientific management workers are reduced to the status of machines: totally
deprived of the thinking function

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 BY MAX WEBER

Max Weber, a German social scientist, advocated the

bureaucratic approach to management. Weber was of
the view that strict rules should be framed to
e l i m i n ate m a n a ge r i a l i n co n s i ste n c y b e ca u s e
inconsistency breeds inefficiency. Moreover, he felt
that success in a big organization was possible only
with the help of the Bureaucratic Management.

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 1
Division
of
Labour #1 distribution of work on the basis of specialization. It means an
individual should be allotted the work in which he specialises.

#2 The authority of the superiors and the subordinates should be

5 2
clearly defined. Every employee is responsible for the decisions taken
Impersonal Hierarchy
of by him and his subordinates.
Relations
Authority
#3 Clear rules should be framed to govern the activities carried on
FEATURES of
Bureaucratic within the organization. These rules should be strictly implemented

Management #4 personal relations were ignored. Rewards are given not on the basis
of personal relations but on the basis of efficiency.

#5 According to this approach, the basis of promotion should be

4 3 competence.
Pr o m o t i o n
System Based on
of Rules Competenc
e

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 Merits Demerits

(i) Division of work leads to specialization. (i) Red-tapism increases.

(ii) It brings regularity in the conduct of the (ii) Personal relations are ignored.
employees.

(iii) Competence being the basis of promotion, it (iii) Lack of initiative in the workers.
increases the efficiency of the employees.

(iv) The organization is perpetually on the move (iv) Workers oppose change.
because attention is paid not to the individual but
the offices.

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 BY HENRY FAYOL

Administrative management approach to

management was advocated by Henry Fayol. He is
also called the father of administrative management.
After making many experiments, he reached the
conclusion that the management activity is a special
activity, which is different from accounting, sales,
production and other related activities and he devised
6 types of Business Activities, 14 Priniciples & 5
Functions of Management.

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 B Y FAY O L

01 02 03 04 05
Planning Organizing Command Co-ordinate Controlling

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 THANKYOU
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