Wachemo University

College of Engineering and Technology

Department of Civil Engineering

Concrete Structures – CENG 6504 Due Date: May 30, 2022

Assignment- II - 2022 (2014 E.C.)

Attempt all question and present your work neatly.

Submit your work in Microsoft office Word doc.
Do it in-group with member not more than 5
Submission later than the prescribed date has no value

1. According to a design report submitted for checking, a square cross section b/h/h’
=350/350/35mm and a mechanical reinforcement ratio of  = 1.0 is adequate for a slender RC
column with a governing action forces of axial load plus uniaxial bending equal to 3100kN and
300kNm. The column is made of C-30 concrete and S-460 steel and has an effective buckling
length of 0.8L and L = 12m.

indicated values of curvature in the chart are normalized by the height of the cross-section

a. Check the stability of the column. Use the deflection calculation aid diagram provided.

b. If the column above is not capable of carrying the load without losing stability, propose

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 an appropriate structural measure to ensure the safety of the column?

c. Discuss the effect of sustained axial load on the load carrying capacity of columns and
illustrate this effect using load-moment curve and interaction diagram.

2. For the simply supported beam shown in Fig.1;

a. Plot the Load-curvature (at mid span) relationship. The material and geometric properties
of the beam are presented in Fig 1b. Take the following assumptions:
i. Neglect the self-weight of the beam.
ii. Assume plane section remains to be plane and use Parabolic-Rectangular stress block for
concrete under compression.
iii. Neglect the tensile contribution of concrete after initial cracking.
iv. Do not consider material partial safety factors.

LOAD, P
800

300

1600

Tensile strength of concrete = 3.0 MPa

Elastic modulus of steel = 200 GPa
Elastic modulus of Concrete = 30 GPa
Fig. 1 a) Simply supported beam subjected to a concentrated mid span load. b) Mid-span cross section

b. For the above beam, suppose it is required to determine the maximum crack width at
failure. Propose an expression for the determination of the maximum crack width, for an
average crack spacing of S. Also, estimate the maximum crack depth.

3. The Flat slab shown in Figure 2 supports a superimposed dead load of 1.25kN/m2 and live load
of 3.0kN/m2. The slab extends 0.2m past the exterior face of the column to support and exterior
wall that weighs 5.82kN/m. The story-to-story height is 3.0m. Use C-30 concrete and S-460 Steel
Grade. Use of Drop panels is restricted by architectural requirements.

a. For the corner column (A1), select a slab thickness to satisfy serviceability and strength
requirements for two-way shear and moment transfer. (use the more critical direction)

b. Use direct design method to compute the moments and the design reinforcement for the
corner panel bound by axis 1, 2, A and B.

c. Using equivalent frame method, clearly indicate the model for axis 2 and the
corresponding stiffness of the structural members.

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 Figure 2: Flat plate layout

4. Figure 3 shows a reinforced concrete prism, made of C-30 concrete and S-400 steel, with
dimensions of (bxhxL)100mm x 100mm x 1000mm and a reinforcement ratio of  = 1.4%. The
specimen is subjected to a monotonic tension loading. Taking the following assumptions:

i. The stress distribution in the steel between two adjacent cracks is assumed to follow a full
cosine curve.
2 πx
σ s ( x )=σ s + as cos
L
ii. The average stress strain relation of concrete in tension, both before and after yielding is
given by:

( )
0.4
ε cr
σ c =f cr
ϵc
iii. Assume elastic-perfectly plastic behavior of steel
iv. Do not consider material partial safety factors.
v. Assume an average crack spacing of 30cm.

a. Determine the apparent yield stress and apparent yield strain of the specimen.

b. Derive a procedure, for determining the post-yield stress-strain curve of the steel
embedded in the concrete.

c. Why is it erroneous, to simply superpose the stress-strain curve of concrete with that of
bare bar to determine the average stress-strain of reinforced concrete.

d. Schematically, illustrate the effect of drying to the average stress-strain curve the RC

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 specimen.

5. Discuss the effect of using reduced stiffness for columns and beams based on the ACI
recommendation. Clearly elaborate the overall impact of using reduced stiffness on the design of
reinforced concrete framed structures.

6. Assuming the frame indicated below is a sway frame, clearly indicate the procedure for
computing the additional moments in the columns due to sway action.

By: Utino Worabo (PhD)