IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol.
7, Issue 02, 2019 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
Smart Dustbin Vigilant System using GSM and Arduino Uno
Yesubabu Kakitapalli1 Mohana Krishna Gandeti2 Naveen Kanchi3 Pavan Kalyan Adapa4
1,2,3,4
Student
1,2,3,4
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
1,2,3,4
Aditya Institute of Technology and Management, India
Abstract— A big challenge in the urban cities is waste
management. Not only in India but for most of the countries
in the world it is the major problem. The project gives us one
of the most efficient ways to keep our environment clean and
green. Hence our project SMART DUSTBIN VIGILANT
SYSTEM USING GSM AND ARDUINO UNO is to design
a system based on ARDUINO and GSM module for alerting
the garbage overflow from a particular area. In our daily life,
we see the pictures of garbage bins being overflow and all the
garbage spills out resulting in health hazards. This also
increases number of diseases as large number of insects and
mosquitoes breed on it. ARDUINO and Global System for
Mobile Communication (GSM) are the latest trends and are
one of the best combinations to be used in the project. To give
a brief description of the project, the ultrasonic sensors are
placed in the common garbage bins placed at the public
places. When the garbage reaches the level of the sensor, then
that indication will be given to ARDUINO. The ARDUINO
will give indication to the driver of garbage collection truck
as garbage bin is completely filled and needs urgent attention
in particular. ARDUINO will give indication by sending SMS
using GSM technology.
Keywords: ARDUINO, Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM) and Ultrasonic Sensor
I. INTRODUCTION
A big challenge in the urban cities is waste management, not
only in India but for the most of countries in the world. This
project gives us one of the most efficient ways to keep our
environment clean and green. Hence our problem statement
is to design a system based on ARDUINO microcontroller for
controller for collecting the garbage from a particular area
(the area whose public garbage bins are overflowing) with a
prior concern. In our daily life, we see the pictures of garbage
bins being over flow and garbage spills out resulting in
pollution, this pollution also increases number of diseases as
large number of mosquitoes and insects breed on it.
ARDUINO and Global System for Mobile communication
(GSM) are the latest trends and one of the best combinations
to be used in the project. Hence a combination of both of these
technologies is used in the project. To give a brief description
of the project, the sensors are placed in the common garbage
bins placed at the public places. When the garbage reaches to
the certain level of the bin, sensor will gives the information
to the ARDUINO microcontroller. Then it will give
instruction to GSM module to send the message to the
garbage truck driver stating garbage bin is filled at particular
place and an urgent collection of garbage from bin is required.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Improper waste management easily paves route for air
pollution and soil contamination which in turn poses adverse
effect to health of mankind and in addition to environmental
deteriorations. A Survey made by a top magazine in India
have apparently proven that Garbage Accumulation is the
prime reason behind the hazardous air pollution in Guwahati,
an Assamese Township. This pollution in the above told
township was the reason behind the serious health issues like
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and
Asthma that was being faced by the people who have their
livelihood over there. The failure of removal of accumulated
garbage is the sole reason for breeding of mosquitoes and
houseflies which is the root cause behind various deadly
diseases like malaria, dengue, chikunguniya etc. A city with
poor sanitation and malodorous environment can never be a
healthy place to live in. Nearly 235 million people currently
suffer from breathing illness due to the inhalation of air with
foul smell. Almost 90% of COPD sufferers’ are from low and
middle income countries. A health magazine have issued a
survey result that approximately three million people died of
COPD in 2005. Inopportune managing of garbage is
recognized to be the sole reason for over 22 human diseases
that causes premature death every year. Enactment of this
smart dustbin could possibly avert the mounting of the
garbage for an elongated period of time which would prevent
the widespread of diseases to a great extent and it do affirms
a clean environment in the city.
The method used to carry out this project is the
principle of serial communication in collaboration with
embedded system. The project has a distance measuring
sensor which will work along with a GSM modem. Which is
the latest technology used for communication between
MODEM and embedded systems. The modem will send a
message as and when dustbin is filled to the garbage truck
driver through Subscriber Identity Module inserted inside the
MODE. Ultrasonic sensor is placed at the top of the dustbin
facing downward, which will measure the distance
continuously. ARDUINO which is connected to ultrasonic
sensor and GSM module is programmed in such a way that
when the dustbin is filled to the level, which we had given in
the program, it will give an instruction to the GSM to send a
message to the stated number of the van driver
The design of the SMART DUSTBIN VIGILANT
SYSTEM USING GSM AND ARDUINO UNO can be
achieved by the important components like ARDUINO
microcontroller and GSM modem. Basically the equipment
runs on DC power, so the reason why AC-DC converter
(rectifier) is provided in turn which supplies 5V to 9V DC
supply as required by the components. Each component is
provided with a regulator in order to get the required voltage
level and to protect the components from high voltages.
The E- dustbin sends the message to garbage truck
driver when dustbin is filled. The Ultrasonic sensor placed at
the top of the dustbin will measures the dustbin continuously
and gives its output to the ARDUINO. In ARDUINO,
program is written in such two separate functions are called
namely send DUSTBIN FULL and send DUSTBIN EMPTY
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 Smart Dustbin Vigilant System using GSM and Arduino Uno
(IJSRD/Vol. 7/Issue 02/2019/319)

for two separate messages to be send. Logic is written in such
a way when the distance is less it will call the function send
DUSTBIN FULL and if the distance is more than half as
given in the program it will call the function send DUSTBIN
EMPTY to send two different types of messages when
required. Whenever a command is sent to the GSM modem,
it decodes the commands and works accordingly and sends
particular message as given in the program.
sending out a sound wave at a specific frequency and waiting
for a sound wave to come back by striking the object. When
the signal is received then the distance is calculated by the
formulae given below
Speed = distance/time.
By using calculated distance we can perform many different
tasks.

III. HARDWARE
List of Hardware Components Used
COMPONENT TYPE
ARDUINO microcontroller ARDUINO UNO
GSM Module SIM 900A
Ultrasonic sensors HC-SR04
MAX-232 MAX-232 (RS 232)
LCD JHD 162 A 16 X 2
A. Arduino: Fig. 2: Ultrasonic Sensor
ARDUINO is an open-source physical computing device 1) Features:
based on simple I/O operations and used to implement the Supply voltage: - 5V
program written in ARDUINO IDE. The open-source IDE Current Consumption: - 15ma
can be downloaded for free to write a program to implement Ultrasonic Frequency: - 40 Khz
a project. It has 14 digital IO pins with 6 PWM pin Maximum Range: - 400 cm
multiplexed on it, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal Minimum Range: - 3 cm
oscillator to provide clock to microcontroller, a USB Resolution: - 1 cm
connection, a power jack for power supply and a reset button Trigger Pulse Width: - 10 s
and operates on 5V 1A supply. It’s simply a trainer learning Dimension: - 43x20x15 mm
kit, with open source software.
C. GSM
The main objectives of GSM module are to utilize it as a
communication contrivance. It can connected computer
through serial (RS232) connector. A GSM modem is a
standard GSM mobile phone with a congruous cable and a
software driver to connect to a serial connector on your
computer. The GSM uses AT Commands for its operation.

Fig. 1: Arduino Uno.

1) Features:
Microcontroller: - ATmega328
Operating Voltage: - 5V
Input Voltage: - 5-12V Fig. 3: GSM SIM900A.
Digital I/O Pins: - 14 (of which 6 has PWM output) Analog 1) Features:
Input Pins: - 6 SIM900A fortifies Dual-band 900/1800 MHz
DC Current on each I/O Pin: - 40 mA Supply voltage range is 3.4 to 12V Low power consumption
DC Current for 3.3V Pin: - 50 mA Operation temperature:-〖40〗^0 to 〖85〗^0.
Flash Recollection: - 32 KB of which 0.5 KB utilized by boot- Control AT commands (3GPP TS 27.007, 27.005 and
loader SIMCom enhanced AT Commands)
SRAM: - 2 KB
EEPROM: - 1 KB IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM
B. Ultrasonic Sensor Block diagram shows the overview of a smart dustbin. In this
block diagram is ARDUINO, which controls the function of
An Ultrasonic sensor is a device which measures the distance the system. The level detector used is the ultrasonic sensor. It
to an object by using a sound wave. It measures distance by detects the level by formulae

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 Smart Dustbin Vigilant System using GSM and Arduino Uno
(IJSRD/Vol. 7/Issue 02/2019/319)

Speed = distance/time. V. SIMULATION TOOL

The above formulae are used to determine the ARDUINO IDE is an open source software to simulate the
distance travelled by the signal. Then the level is detected by program. It is freely available on its home website. Anyone
the controller. This gives the signal to the GSM used in the can download ARDUINO IDE from www.arduino.cc. It
system, GSM uses the AT commands to send a message. In compiles the ARDUINO program in it and then by using USB
this, the GSM is used to send a message to a concerned cable we can dump program to ARDUINO connected to
authority of the municipal council ARDUINO. ARDUINO.

VI. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Circuit diagram shows the Smart Dustbin. It consists of
Components as shown in the Hardware Table. The
ARDUINO is used as a Controller. The ultrasonic sensor
detects the level of the dustbin. When the level is detected by
the ultrasonic sensor then it sends the signal to the ARDUINO
Controller for further process. As the Signal is received by
Arduino then it activates the GSM module. As GSM is
activated then GSM (SIM900A) sends a text message to the
concerned truck driver.
Fig. 4: Block Diagram.
ATmega328 VCC
10uf/63v

VCC

MAX232 1
16

5K 2 GND
2 14 3 VCC
VCC

V+ T1OUT VEE
1
C1+ R1IN
13 IOREF 13 2
4
RS
10uf/63v

5
GND RW
R1OUT
12 RESET 12 3
6
EN
11 7
T1IN 11 D0
3
C1- 3.3V TRIG
8
D1
4 10 9
C2+ T2IN TXD D2
10uf/63v

9 5V 10 4.7K 10
R2OUT RXD VCC ECHO D3
GND 4
11
D4
8 1 GND 9 12
R2IN TRIG 5 D5
5 7 2 13
GND

C2- T2OUT 6 D6
6
V-
3 GND GND 8
ECHO 7
14
D7
ARDUINO UNO R3
10uf/63v

TO Vin 7
D7
15

GSM
VCC GND A0 6 VCC VCC
. D6
GND
GND A1 5
GAS SEN D5
10uf

SW1 A2 4
FIRE SEN
A3 3
LCD EN
33pf
RST
A4 2
XTAL-1 LCD RS
16MHZ 8.2K A5 1 TXD TXD
CRYSTAL 0
33pf RXD RXD

GND ULTRASONIC SENSOR

GND
1 3
GND

VIN VOUT
GND
ECHO 8TH PIN
TRIG 9TH PIN
2
1

BRIDGE RECTIFIER

VCC ULTRASONIC SENSOR

J2 7805REGULATOR GND
2 2 - + 4 1 3 1 3
GND

GND

1 VIN VOUT VIN VOUT

TRIG 11TH PIN ECHO 10 PIN

100OHM
1000uf

12V Transf ormer

2

104pf
3

33pf

LED

GND

Fig. 5: Circuit Diagram.

A. Interfacing ARDUINO to Ultrasonic
The ultrasonic sensor detects the level by calculating the
distance. The distance is calculated when the transmitter
transmits the pulse and receiver receive the signal and
calculate the time period. Then the distance is calculated by
using formula as below.

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Speed = Distance/Time
The ultrasonic transmit the signal with the speed of 340 m/s.
B. Interfacing ARDUINO to GSM
The GSM used is SIM900A in this circuit. The GSM uses the
AT commands to send a text message to a concerned
authority as discussed in the description of the circuit
diagram.
C. Interfacing of Final Process
Both Sensor & GSM is finally interfaced with the
ARDUINO. This project works according to the circuit
diagram discussed in this paper.
VII. IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM
Fig. 6: Final Kit.
Fig. 7: Message on mobile.
By filling the dust in dustbin-1, first LCD displays
and the same text message we receive by the phone number
which is given in the program, viz., DUSTBIN 1 FULL when
the height is less than prescribed height given in the program,
and by removing the dust from the dustbin-1 it displays and
sends DUSTBIN 1 EMPTY when the height is more than
prescribed height given in the program as shown in fig.7 The
Smart Dustbin Vigilant System using GSM and Arduino Uno
(IJSRD/Vol. 7/Issue 02/2019/319)
process is similar to dustbin-2 also as shown in figures 7. By
observing the above figure the process of alerting of filling
and emptying of dustbins can be understood.
VIII. CONCLUSION
This system is cost-effective & maintenance is much less as
compared to another project. This will reduce the overflow of
waste in the dustbin and also can keep the environment clean
& waste free. To implement this project by using methane and
garbage smell detection sensors. This helps in distinguishing
the waste at the source and hence reducing the requirement of
manpower. To enhance it further, an automated system can
be developed which is able to pick up waste in and around the
bin, segregate them and put them in respective bins.
REFERENCES
[1] S.S. Navghane, M.S. Killedar, Dr.V.M. Rohokale,‖ IoT
Based Garbage and Waste Collection Bin‖, May 2016
[2] Meghana K C, Dr. K R Nataraj,‖ IOT Based Intelligent
Bin for Smart Cities
[3] KasliwalManasi H., SuryawanshiSmitkumar B, A Novel
Approach to Garbage Management Using Internet of
Things for Smart Cities‖.
[4] Monika K A, Nikitha Rao, Prapulla S B, Shobha G,
Smart Dustbin-An Efficient Garbage Monitoring System
[5] Twinkle Sinha, K.Mugesh Kumar, P.Saisharan, (2015).
“SMART DUSTBIN”, International Journal of Industrial
Electronics and Electrical Engineering, ISSN: 2347-
6982, Volume-3, Issue-5.
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