Secondary

Grade 8

Learning Module in T L E

DRESSMAKING
EXPLORATORY COURSE

INFORMATION SHEET 2.3

 CARRY OUT MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS

LEARNING OUTCOME 1

Obtain measurement

Parts of body to be measured can be taken in:

 Horizontal measurement
 Vertical measurement
 Circumferential measurement
1. The horizontal measurement is taken from the left of the figure to the right.
2. The vertical measurement is taken from the top of the body figure to its base.
3. Circumferential measurement is taken around the body.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL MEASUREMENT

CIRCUMFERENTIAL MEASUREMENT

SELF CHECK 2.3

A. Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The system where the unit of measurement is centimeter

a. Metric System b. English System c. SI Measurement System d. Decimal System
2. It measures across the back of neck from socket of one shoulder to socket of the other
Shoulder.
a. Shoulder b. Shoulder to Shoulder c. Shoulder to Neck d. Shoulder to Back
3. Measure around your body crossing over the fullest part of your bust.
a. Waist b. Bust c. Upper Bust d. Arm Hole
4. A 60” long tape. One side has inches one is metric with crotch piece or without crotch piece.
a. Tailors Square or L-Square b.Use Dressmakers Ruler c.Tape Measure d.Meter Stick
5. It is used on lapel, pants and skirt contours calibrated on both sides.
a.Tape Measure
b. Aluminum Tailors Curve
c. Tailors Square or L-Square
d. Use Dressmakers Ruler

B. Direction: Fill in each blank to complete each statement.

1. Shirt length is taken from the nape down the center back to the_______
2. taken around the body with the tape measure passing over the fullest
part of the at the back and over to the apex.
3. Upper is taken around the fullest part of the arm in line with the armpit.
4. ______________ is taken around the fullest part of the bottom.
5. Hip or _____ taken around the fullest part of the hip (buttocks) with two fingers inserted
under the tape measure.

D. Answer the following questions based on your own understanding about the lesson.
1. How are body measurements taken? ( 5pts)
2. Why is accurate body measurement important? (5pts)

INFORMATION SHEET 2.4

 OBTAIN MEASUREMENTS

When body measurements are accurate, the garments can be fit. A well fitted garment can enhance not only the look
of the person but
also the personality. The measurement of attire depends on a number of factors, like the style, type of the garment
and the gender of the customer. Below are the additional types on how body measurements can be achieved
properly;

A. Vertical Measurements

Bust point height or apex height

This is the measurement from the base of the neck down to the tip of the bust.

Front Figure
This is the measurement from the center shoulder over the bust waistline level.

Skirt length
This measurement is taken from the waistline level down to the desired length of the skirt.

Shirt length
This is taken from thenape down the center back to the desired
length.

Sleeve length
This measurement is taken from the tip of the shoulder down to the desired length of the
sleeve.

Empire level
Measure from the center of the front shoulder over the bust down to the empire level, which is
correctly below the bust.

B. Horizontal Measurements
Back chest
This measurement is taken from the (back) armhole.

The Front chest is taken from the left (front) armhole seam to the right (front Armhole seam)

Bust distance
This measurement is taken from the first tip of the bust to the other tip .

C. Circumferential Measurements
Hip1
This measures 4 inches from the waistline, then proceed measuring around proceed measuring
around the hip level where the stomach is fullest.

Hip2
This measurement is taken from the waistline, measure 8 inches then proceed measuring
around buttocks.

Armhole
This measures around the circumference of the armpit.

Wrist
This is taken along the whole circumference of the wrist with two fingers inserted for easing.

Empire circumference
This measurement is taken around the whole circumference of the empire level.
 SELF CHECK 2.4
A. Direction: Identify the following illustrations of body measurements and
write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

B. Direction: Write
two(2) examples of the following types of measurement.
A. Vertical
a. __________________________________
b. __________________________________
B. Horizontal
a. _________________________________
b. _________________________________
C. Circumferential
a __________________________________
b___________________________________

C.Direction: Identify what type of measurement is observed whether Horizontal,

Vertical and Circumferential measurements.
1.Skirt length
2. Hip 2
3. Front chest
4. Sleeve length
5. Armhole
6. Front figure
7. Bust distance
8. Bust point height
9. Empire level
10. Wrist
INFORMATION SHEET 3.1

LESSON 3

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN AND COLOR HARMONIES

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

The principles of design are essential to the development and production of clothing used by
individuals and families around the world. Each principle has a specific role in creating an
visually pleasing garment or ensemble. The principles of design include:.

Balance- implies that there is an equilibrium or uniformity among the parts of a design.
According to this principle, from the center of the dress, design should be identified on both
sides and may be achieved by:

Symmetrically or the formal balance - can be described as having equal "weight" on

equal sides of a centrally placed like a see saw. This is an easy way of balancing but
such balance lends monotony to the design.

b. Asymmetrically or the informal balance – When the structure decoration and

accessories are different both sides from the center of the design. In this design attraction
both sides is created by using different accessories.

Proportion - is the pleasing relationship of all parts of the object with one another. Proportion
refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design. The issue is the
relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole.

Emphasis – every pleasing design has one part that is more interesting than any other.
This is the emphasis or the center of interest.

Rhythm – these are smooth movement repeated again and again. Rhythm is an important
principle of art. It is created by repeated use of the design. If there is rhythm in a design, the eye
would move easily from one part to the other.

Rhythm can be created in three ways in a design:

Repetition of lines, colors, or accessories
Parallel lines are formed by the use of seams, buttons, embroidery, lace, etc. which helps
uninterrupted eye movement.
Radiation
 Rhythm can also be created by the radiated lines. These lines are created
by gathers Eyes can move easily from one part to the other on the small
lines created by gathers. Such lines can be seen in gathers on neckline,
arm and skirt.

Gradation

 Rhythm can be created by gradual change of lines, shape or shade of the

color.

Harmony - means a relationship of different portion of a design. Harmony should be

achieved through judicious use of color, shape, and texture to give a feeling of
oneness.

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

1. Line- The basic part of any design is form by lines. The eye tends to follow the direction
of the line in a dress design or in the fabric of the dress.
2. Texture- It appeals strongly to the sense of touch, whether it is coarse, fine, smooth,
rough, wrinkled, sleek, glossy and slippery.
3. Color- Is light contains within itself all the sun’s rays and when it is broken into
wavelengths of light, sensation is produced upon the retina of the eye.

Use of color in clothes

 Black dark tones or deeply grayed colors tend to make the figure appear smaller or
slimmer than bright or light colors.
 A plain color makes the figure look slimmer than a combination of contrasting colors.
 A very small figure should not wear over large designs in prints, plaids or stripes.
 Contrast and accent should be done with care.

4. Shape – A two dimentional area that stands out from the space around it due to
variations in contour, color or material.Shapes can be geometric or organic.
5. Form – It is the 3-D element of design and has length width and height. Form can be
organic or inorganic and is enhanced by color, shade, tone and texture.
6. Space- A textile designer considers positive and negative space in her fabric or pattern .
The clothing designer considers how the garment occupies space. A couture dress
designer or a wedding dress designer designs a gown based on how it would look on a
runway, on a red carpet or walking down the aisle.
7. Value- The relative lightness or darkness of a color.
 COLOR THEORY

Primary Colors – the sources of all colors, even though there are thousands and thousands of colors in the world,
they are all made up of these colors – red, blue and yellow.
Secondary Colors – are produced when mixing two equal amount of primary colors. If you mix equal amount or
yellow and blue you will have green, equal parts of red and blue will have violet, and red and yellow you will
have orange.
Look at the color wheel you will find these colors – orange, green and violet.
Intermediate Colors – are produced by mixing two equal amount of primary and secondary colors. Example, if you
mix equal parts of yellow (primary color) and green (secondary color) you will have yellow-green. Noticed that
yellow-green is found between yellow and green on the color wheel.
The intermediate colors are;
Yellow + green = yellow-green Red + violet = red-violet
Blue + green = blue-green Red + orange = red-orange
Blue + violet = blue-violet
Pure Colors – are the primary, secondary and intermediate colors because they have no white, black and gray in
them. Pure colors are also called ―normal, true and basic colors.
Tints – when pure colors are mixed with white, they are made lighter. Example, when white is added to red you have
pink. In other words pink is a tint of red. The more white you add, the lighter the pink will be. Tints are also
called ―pastels.
Shades – when pure colors are mixed with black, they are made darker. Example, when black is added to red you
have maroon, a shade of red. The more black you add, the more darker you have.
Grayed colors – most colors we used in clothes are grayed colors rather than bright, pure colors you see on the color
wheel. Grayed colors are also referred to as ―soft colors or ―dull colors. The more gray you add, the more
duller the color will be.
Neutrals – are white, black and gray. They look well with another and with all other colors. The more grayed colors
become the more different colors it will harmonize with.
 Warm and Cool Colors
Cool colors – are green, blue-green, blue, blue-violet, violet. Blue is the coolest color. They are adjacent to one
another in the color wheel.
Warm colors – are red, red-orange, orange, yellow-orange, and orange. Red is the warmest color. They are also
adjacent in the color wheel.
Qualities of Colors
Hue – is the family group name of a color. It is the name of a color. Ones they are combined differently and given
new names.
Value – refers to the lightness or the tint or the darkness of the shade. The scale of the value colors are from the very
lightest tint to the very darkest of the shade.
Intensity – means the brightness or dullness of a color. When you refer to a color as bright or very bright or dull or
very dull you are describing its intensity. Example, green peppers are bright yellow-green, while olives are dull
yellow green.
 SELF -CHECK 3.1
A. Direction: Identify the principles of design referred in the following statements. Write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper.
1.A pants with a pocket on both sides with the same style, size and shape.
2. A large hat on a small boy is out of proportion to his size.
3. It may be a pretty collar, an attractive bow or a lovely pin.
4. A kind of rhythm can be created by gradual change of lines, shape or shade of the
color.
5. It is a relationship of different portion of a dress.

B. Direction: Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence.

1. Principles of _____________ are essential to the development and production of clothing used by individuals. 2.
__________ implies that there is equilibrium among the parts of a design. Proportion refers to the pleasing 3.
____________ of all parts of the object with one another.
4. __________ means that the part of the dress is the center of interest. Rhythm refers to the smooth 5. _________
repeated again and again.
6._____________ means a relationship of different portion of a design.
Primary colors are 7. __________, 8. __________, and 9. ________.
10____________ are produced when mixing two equal amounts of primary colors.
C.Direction: Don’t just write or explain boring definitions of the Elements of Art, color the words with what each
means instead. Color is already done for you. Write your output in a short bond paper.