Host: There is a saying: "Don't judge a book by its cover.

" This tells us that first

impressions may be wrong, Writer Malcolm Gladwell has a different idea. In Blink: The
Power of Thinking Without Thinking, Malcolm Gladwell argues that first impressions are
usually ………………. This is Wednesday Book Talk. Here's critic Hannah Smith. 

Hannah Smith: An expert in an art museum takes one look at a very old ……………...
He is ………………... The museum has just paid millions for this …………….. The first
word that he thinks of is "……………….” According to Blink, a new book by Malcolm
Gladwell, whenever this expert takes a look at something new, he writes down the first
word he thinks of. This habit of writing down first impressions supports the ………………
of Malcolm Gladwell's book. We often know more than we think we know. And we know
it faster than we can explain. That Greek statue, for example, …………….. to be about
2,000 years "…………….," or …………, than the museum thought. It wasn't really an old
statue at all. It was a ……………….. Gladwell says we have two ways we make
decisions. First, we can make decisions slowly and carefully with our ……………..
minds. Or, we can make decisions very quickly and ………………., or without even
thinking. Our unconscious minds are using information we already know to make
………………. within a second or two. Gladwell's book looks at examples of when our
first mpressions turn out to be very …………….., as well as when they do not. For
example, students in college classrooms have very ……………… first impressions of
……………….. In one study, students were shown only several seconds of a
……………….. of a teacher in the classroom. Then they …………………… how
…………… the teacher would be. After only that quick first impression, they judged the
teacher's ………………… very …………………... They did as well as other students did
after an entire term. In another study, people could tell a lot about a student's
…………….just by looking at his or her ………………for a few minutes. Gladwell also
looks at ……………., wars, marketing, and ……………….. Sometimes, our first
impression, our …………. to make ………………., is very accurate. Sometimes it is very
wrong. So when should we trust our …………….? In a section added to the new edition,
Gladwell writes about some recent research. This research Suggests ……………..,
careful decision-making works best for easy choices like buying a pot for the kitchen.
However, our first impressions are best in difficult situations when we are handling
many pieces of information. An example is when a coach is selecting a player for a
soccer team. If you want a book that gets you thinking about how we think, read Blink.
Host: Thank you, Hannah. Now stay with us, we'll be back after the break with news of
two more titles that have just reached the stores.

Speaker: First impressions don't tell the whole story. Good morning. Thank you so much
for inviting me here today. As promised, I'm going to talk about how we ……………..
first impressions and how they work. 
We all form impressions of other people every day. So picture this: you're waiting in line
at your favorite coffee shop. The line is long, but it's moving quickly. The person in front
of you in line is ……………….. about the wait. He's …………….. and rude. He makes
comments about the ……………. and the employees. When he finally gets to the
counter, he yells at the person who takes his order. You …………… "This is not a nice
person," and you hope you never meet him again. From this short …………….., you
have ………………an impression of this person. You were with him only ……………..,
but you may think you know a lot about him. One mistake people often make in forming
first impressions is to think that a small example of someone's ……………… can give us
a complete picture of the person. If you see a ……………, smiling young woman taking
your …………… at the coffee shop, you may think she is friendly and ………………. all
of the time. ………………….. to thinking she is always friendly, you may also think she
has other …………………….. This is the second …………….. people often make.
Because she is friendly, you …………….. that she is also intelligent, happy, and good to
her parents. Of course, the ……………. is also true. The rude customer in front of you in
the coffee line did not ………………….. on you. You saw an example of his poor
………………, his ……………, and you assumed he had other …………………... You
thought "This is not a nice person." OK, so if our first impression of someone is
……………, we think the person is always that way and we think that all of her
…………… are positive. We think that small sample of ………….. shows us her true
…………….y. But we don't think that way about our own ……………….. Let me explain
what I mean. When we see someone else acting in a ……………… way, we think it is
because he is a …………. person. But when we act in a …………………. way, we say it
is because of the ………………. Let's go back to the coffee shop again. If I am rude to
the person taking my coffee order, I will find ……………….. for my bad behavior-the
service is too slow, my mother is very sick, or my boss just …………….. at me. In other
words, when I act ………….., I think it's because of the …………………., not because I
am a bad person. But if another customer is …………………, I don't look for reasons- I
think it is his ……………………. In other words, he acted badly because he is not a nice
person. First impressions can tell us a lot. They help us ……………………….. new
information, and form relationships with new people. But, as you can see, we can make
errors, so sometimes we need to ………………………………..

Man: Honey, the basketball game is about to start. And could you bring some
chips and a bowl of ice cream? And ... uh...a slice of pizza from the fridge.
Woman: Anything else? 

Man:Nope, that's all for now. Hey, hon, you know, they're organizing a company
basketball team, and I'm thinking about joining. What do you think? 

Woman: Humph
 Man: "Humph" What do you mean "Humph." I was the star player in high school.
Woman: Yeah, twenty-five years ago. Look, I just don't want you having a heart
attack running up and down the court. 

Man:So, what are you suggesting? Should I just abandon the idea? I'm not that
out of shape. Woman: Well ... you ought to at least have a physical before you
begin. I mean, it HAS been at least five years since you played at all. Man:Well,
okay, but... 

Woman: And you need to watch your diet and cut back on the fatty foods, like ice
cream. And you should try eating more fresh fruits and vegetables. 

Man: Yeah, you're probably right. Woman: And you should take up a little weight
training to strengthen your muscles or perhaps to build up your cardiovascular
system. Oh, and you need to go to bed early instead of watching TV half the night.

 Man: Hey, you're starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor! Woman: No, I
just love you, and I want you to be around for a long, long time.

1. What does the man want to do?

A. play basketball with friends from work
B. try out for the company baseball team
C. get in shape and compete in a cycling race
 
2. What is the woman's main concern?
A. She is worried her husband will spend too much time away from home.
B. She is afraid her husband will become a fitness freak.
C. She is concerned about her husband's health.
 
3. What is the woman's first suggestion to her husband?
A. He should see a doctor.
B. Her husband should start with a light workout.
C. Her husband needs to visit a fitness trainer.
 
4. What does the woman advise about the man's diet?
A. He should consume less salt.
B. He should eat less fatty foods.
C. He should add more protein products to his diet.
 
5. Why does the man's wife recommend cycling?
A. It is good for improving muscle tone.
B. It helps strengthen the heart.
C. It helps develop mental toughness.

Radio Advertising
Hey you! This is your carpet speaking. Helllooo! Hey, I take a real beating
from you and your ________ ] everyday. The kids track _____ 2 all over me,
the dog leaves a bunch of fur balls everywhere. You ______coffee the
other day while entertaining guests, and your husband left a trail of potato
chip crumbs from the sofa to the kitchen last night while watching the
_______game. Don't you think it's about time to give me a good cleaning?
Now pick up that phone and call Master Cleaners now. I see them on the
TV all the time. They'll clean any three rooms for $29.95, and any
____________] hall is free. Plus, they'll throw in a free ________ 6 ] of their
amazing stain remover. And if you call now, you'll receive a
________ discount off their already low prices. So come on! Give them a
call at 637-5001, and make life for me a little easier. Uh, nice doggie, nice
doggie . . .

1. What service is being advertised?

A. home repair
B. food catering
C. carpet cleaning

2.Who is speaking in the commercial?

A. the salesperson
B. the carpet
C. the home owner
3. What is the regular cost of the service?
A. $22.95
B. $25.95
C. $29.95
4. What will new customers receive free of charge if they call now?
A. spot cleaner
B. silverware
C. wall hangings
5. What is the store's phone number?
A. 673-5010
B. 633-5100
C. 637-5001
A few years ago I worked on Wall Street for a big bank. I was a ……..city
trader, buying and selling stocks day after day... and it was very well-paid. I
mean, I earned hundreds of thousands of dollars. I wore……….. clothes,
drove a luxury sports car, lived in a huge apartment downtown. I felt like I was
king of the world. But there was a price to pay. I couldn’t really……… all the
stress. I had headaches and stomach problems the whole time. My personal
life also………… ,as I was never home to build a steady relationship.... and
then the financial came along. You remember that, right? Like many others, I
lost my job. But instead of looking for work in other companies,…………..  or
starting my own business, I felt I needed to do something different. I
was about the world out there and I needed to…………… my place in it. I
needed a change.
So... for six months, I traveled around Mexico, then South America, and over
to Europe. It gave me the time and space I needed to think about what I
wanted to do... and when I got back... I decided to leave Wall Street. I sold my
car, and my apartment, and went to live in a small town of Iowa, to be near my
parents. After a couple of months, I started looking for work. I …………..a lot
as a city trader, but I also spent a lot... so I didn’t have any savings. I wanted
to try something new, something different. The first …………..I was offered
was a home-care assistant in the local hospital. I seemed a friendly place, so I
took it!
TE: okay, so last week we looked at various ……………….. of success and common
ways people ……………….. success through …………,fame,money,…………., and so
on. Now this week I want to …………….. on it and ask you to question the ………………
of success and what it really means to be successful. We learn from an early age that
success is good, something we should try to …………. through a ……………. of hard
work and …………………... You all know the …………….. : if at first you don’t succeed,
try try again. Well, some …………….. suggest that trying really …………. to achieve
something might …………… be the wrong thing to do. It all depends on your goal is
……………….To give you an example, imagine a short thirty-year-old man who smokes
40 ……………… a day. Should he give up his job to take up basketball in a hope of
becoming ………….. basketball star ? I don’t think so. So, the first point I’d like to make
is that you need to be ……………… about what is it you want to achieve. Chasing an
…………………. dream, one that you can never reach is a …………. waste of time and
………….. Make sure the success you’re aiming for is …………... If it isn’t, ………….
your goal to smething is …………, something that you can achieve.The second point I
want to make is that of course success is good but trying to become successful
shouldn’t ……………….. your life. You shouldn’t become so ……………… to succeed at
something that causes you stress or ……………. People who put too much
……………… on succeeding at something and fail can have a serious …………………
problems. This brings me to another point which may shock you. Success is not always
a good thing. Success in one area can bring problem in others. For instance, success in
career might result in the end of marriage. Good relationships take time and …………...
If someone is working hard at ……………. their career all the time then their family life
and their relationships can ………….. at a result. Take, for example, All the famous
people we hear about getting divorced in the media. These actor, pop stars and so on
are at the top of their ……………. but they pay a price with their …………… lives. A
Close friend of mine from high school days is a successful business man, but he got
divorced last year. He says his career ……………… his marriage. So, be careful what
you wish for and make sure you know the ……………. as well as the up. The final point
I want to make in the ……………. is that we need to remember that our …………… of
success changes with age. What people want to achieve in high school may different
what they want to achieve when they are twenty or fourty or even seventy. So for
example, success for my grandfather is getting out of the bed in the morning. Be aware
that our goals change over time. You may want a sports car now but when you have 3
children, maybe you may want a big family car instead. It important to recognize that our
goals change as our lives change.
Hello everybody, my name is karl simons and to day I would like to talk to you the other
side of success, Failure. Just as success is something we all want. Failure is something
we all fear.yet Failure is a important …………… on the road to success and I’d like to
………………….. this with some examples. You’ve all heard ….. of the Beatles, perhaps
you also know that decca record turned down the beatles saying that their kinds of
music would never be popular. Michael Jordan the basketball star was cut from his high
school basketball .team because he ……………skill. Walt Disney was told that he has
no creativity or original ideas. John grisham the top of novelist who’s now
……………… was turned down by sixteen ……………. and ……………… before he had
first book …………….. All these are examples of people experieced failure but then
went on to succeed. I think there are two points I’d like to ……………. here. The first we
shouldn’t be …………….. of failure. Because we can learn from it. Being successful is
great but it doesn’t always teach you a lot. You can learn a lot more from your failures
than you can from your successes. Take Michael Jordan for example, he learnt from his
mistakes. He worked out what he was doing wrong, changed the game and improved to
become a best basketball player in the world. The same goes with Akia Morita, the
founder of sony cooperation. The first product he made was rice cooker that didn’t work,
it burnt the rice ……………… cooking it. He sold fewer than one hundred of them and
lost a lot of money but he learnt from his experience and of course today everyone
knows the name sony. The second point I want to make about failure is you must not
………………failure to defeat you. Failure is something to be ………………… by. Don’t
…………….. too easily. Remember John Crimson, His first book a time to kill wasn’t a
succees with publish. Only five thousand copies was printed and he ended up buy a lot
of them and selled them by himself but he didn’t give up, he continued to develop his
writing. And the next novel ‘ the firm’ was a success and become a holywood movie
…………….. tom cruise. Well, what im saying is believe in yourself and never give up.
Did u know that Thomas Edision try more than nine thousand times before he managed
to make the first light bulb work. He learnt from his mistake and so must we are. I’d like
to suggest because of their failure that these people became such great successes.
You need to experience failure and learn from it in order to really succeed. Failling is a
good ……………. for life. It makes you stronger and more able to …………… life’s
problems. Don’t be scare of failure. It might sound strange but letting go your fear of
your failure may help you succeed.

Interviewer: So, Barbara. Welcome to Life and Times. It's great to have you
here. 
Barbara Ehrenreich: Great to be here, Jack. Thanks for inviting me.
Interviewer: Now, you're famous as a journalist, and of course, you've
written several books based on your ……………... We'll get to those in a
minute, but could you start by telling our Listeners some of the reasons
why you go "…………………." for your research? 
BE: Sure. Well, interviews are fine, but sometimes you need to experience
something ……………….. to understand it. So I guess what I'm saying is
that being an …………………. reporter is a good way to find out what's
really going on. By ………………… in the situation you're ……………….....you
can tell WHILL OUT your experience from a more ………………….. point of view. 
Interviewer: I see. So, for Nickel and Dimed, where did you go undercover?
 BE: Well, the aim was to see if I could …………………………. in low-paid jobs, so I
worked as a …………………, a …………………, a ……………., a nursing home
………………, and a supermarket …………….. I spent a month in each job, working
in Florida, Maine, and Minnesota
Interviewer: Wow. That's a lot of different jobs, and places! I guess your life
changed completely during that period, right? 
BE: It sure did...and boy, I learned a lot! It was ……………..
 Interviewer: Really? What exactly did you find out? 
BE: Well, first, that it was very difficult ………… to …………….., you know,
financially, on such ……………….. The ……………. were very high and the
……………. were so low. You know, these people really ………….. Also, you have
to be a hard worker! I mean, some of the jobs I was doing left me feeling
…………….. exhausted especially when I had to work two jobs in a day.
……………… people is one thing, but actually doing the job day to day shows you
exactly how hard these people's lives are.
 Interviewer: Hmm. And of course, Nickel and Dimed went on to be a very popular
book. It was a New York Times best seller. 
BE: Yes, I was really surprised at all the interest. I think it really …………..
people's eyes, a …………… account like that. You know, people in low-paid jobs
like those aren't …………... They work long, hard hours, just to ……………...
Interviewer: Did you change your name when you went ………………..?
BE: For Nickel and Dimed I didn't change my name, but I did for my next project,
Bait and Switch. I wanted to see how easy it was for people with pretty good jobs-
who became ………………….-to find another job at the same …………... So I went
undercover as …………………… public relations ……………. looking for work. I
tried really hard, with a great ……………. that told everyone that I had lots of
experience and all that, but I couldn't find any work. It really …………….. to me
how hard life can be for people at all levels...from ……………… workers to
……………... 
Interviewer: Hmm. So, I guess in both cases, for Nickel and Dimed and Bait and
Switch, you were pleased that the changes you made weren't ………………? I
mean, you didn't ever want to carry on in one of those jobs. 
BE: No way. I just got a …………………. at people's lives there, and by the time I
finished, I realized how lucky I was. I was so ……………… not to be in that kind of
situation long term.
Interviewer: Hmm. Well, listeners, we're going to take a short break, but if you
have a question for Barbara, now's the time, so get on the phone and call...