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. BverrTmEnt | iv ! obsecpy © 4 J jo unaerastetn 3 jhe Proce June of esting —— be of IndiccitiotAhe cerPagiiy- Awe Lund Sen sjrivdy ALAN] eid Pen trode Ogdhemagnedic @absiceyes | | An traducton | LLiQULO PEMETRA MT -pESt}_ I ! & \rourg Penetbation task ts nod -de S4PUsWe_ |} ee; Itvefects fiaws that awe oPen tothe — ce O-g. Chucks, seams (ths secs OF both Pahesity_, cold. ght e464 ce Ho - —be_etfesivers ised: ndtomyin she insenctdy. | of Leininnu.s »£ fepraus metcens bud hs eg.eecircily st efit domnon-fe hous meses tl no JYUCHES aN don NoP—pymas _~Noen— _ _ rocket iC meplebol_t suph as ceramics | Magis. + Prire PLE: — Oe -———The_erinc tie of ieuid Pe nedban ee gy 15 hat the id uids used chber ran ope nin y SHC oS Checlels af Poros ties 65 cetPi lis tittle the pittie en evienr olthis_ociled cthé deP endene ua such Cpowebrrics 4 —— sreface tension, coresion, agnesionand ——— vie. 0st, Aine. 2 Pe cusp indtiuented by faclors such cis the condiieD of dhe surface of Ma4eprid! add the imewiole of jhe dismnsiMrey. _ fom the iiquid4o eenespite effertivers , he surface ofthe marewierl rayss be ath boughy cleaNed ofall marermia | yrat | put dobsrouct the enivance afthe wiaulg Ma ane defect afieis cleaning the iaul ) | pe netpere 1S aPPile d every nver the sublo yn _crllowe) 20 memarn ong enoditgn 40 I Cermit eenethation {N40 Ossie diovan tiouties, “the vauid is thea _compreiery wemaved {por +he_ _suiafice ef-the_cam@onen ct ecithe Fe cw ef OR _cidre4 yeveinPer is alle) sibel dha had Penedpaieg she defect wailt sen $122 3-049) jo -the supfaro cng devel ape Will nal 8 aeriec he TTT shaw she iocutionada gener ) XK mMuguyoe. 2tnd_ma gniudce ofangdefect Pr Sem) Y thet nagaen this nellony the Que? rai eo Stuck snus +0 phouce vibyu tion 40 —_e the. lituid ov of the defey, OTL: wohiTing TEST 1+ is one of the al JE 1-10) ciel. 4he_pemetiouN) desis use 3 fara the dese ti 4 gk cou CKS 100 Smelt tobe madice ding visu see ction.in this method the efere ts —Cov@wed_with pemetbauding ofl, sush 5 —keboene then libre rébd Nd cased with to Y whiting -}A a Showl+ime the of | hes See0e 3 Toke cry chore 5 will he PLL} feLte aibsopbed by the whiting le ducing eens, UbIMe diScoloie ) Srbecks J \inedjio 4 | dhe coatks: ‘DYE _PEMETAAMETEST 1b i6 bere an ated | be NEApeAtS —Is ot_Sen salve _oxtnemel y Versi! Land—cvenY beliuble method of tese itis - cuitte “in exPeasive aes dd beayjbe any ye sete! ePdodtus ag ts cue simPie Fe, ceo T}-omn modem e Sxil 1S joectuipe 4, si pndhts 444 the Sthofply colaboe 3 heey Rent hud! th OT te ete ne acs fue Fuse n_UPPied.oN en iM PPre Hols surigOe | The stePS Mya IAP Meuid Peney pan, ee apes ———_—___— | creat) the surtuce ofthe _cormponees Ineo of dus cindeite) with ce Plece of cloth. | Grush jhe suwfare of cor ponens +0 ne move _ Wi Sterl@, ous+ Pal N+ CHC. bu cr SOF) wie bhush_ Sppaythe Cleaned +o bemav? oi!) yreaso pie | APPS jhe dye Pen ey punt adecquertery to AW cavern: th cthe 060 +A5tC 3 -AllolM 3 40S rainuies_ __ ofa nor e_fore_dye +o _fenenoel!® Into the cicksS._| §. wire ott 4hneexéas.s fepnetbun + onthe _sureluce wit ete Aguid_sthay dhe sumfuce with the Cleanela Lo bemove the wemnciNis of the pesdy2 ‘1. 5Ppuy_vhe_geveloPer evenly an the supfrure to give—etthid_eveD 1uyele. This Layera cb sobbs the — __penetioun + foam the erackS_crmd-neg S Pots ofo |] _ ines _creecia_on the supface to givea vist ble _ingrastion_ofthe fia g-Tthe caucis Laney willbe Ndiareg with Ihehe) | dy € UbSobed_bs the Shee aber Vv Bez che ance a roi cuban aciMd Oy ———ereeine be ha Pr - —— 4esa . east : —_ feraneet P-2NO+ bey ted dn SS : 7 1 ia TT FT SE EE —___Remav_Cesees! OF Peneaan ; Rn sino a a PPL eof — Pm DeBEHUPTT ~— it — OA ote JS yt _ File ol [i Lictulg- persis testity rinse ecto) hen 40 _tanebe 10 _AowinicuS imitation me thd d wUse use _ Lieurd qotind ALLmaeus Fest easy Subs unteed — i AN non — doorepurs tT Neioh penedoun + Sure tarectstl — ener: ier eaerey defects can't Aowasits meni Kendle fing ark —— . shee bs, OEE, He retmoour” sult ple fon _sungine ~ — lerd2 spew REIS! opehy ton romge, oh cts oe | eomfertrs — Gear MAGMEALC PARTITE TEST: im roaduction: ——=)this_metho 2 of men-wstbucve sessing e075 —— £0 suPPlemens | uae then dis Place leer dio gto ra Ph -—§| le Yor 1 no 4 Jetect —— Semel ch fee 2c 0efui4y When shed ¢he toa smet)| — 30 bE seen with Ahe human exes. =) this meno) pf insmecsid Nn 1S use gin magnesC ferrous cussing fo dereciny invisible suratuce oh Slightly suppmmface detecs ee Poh su bsuntace — defects cbe not sadis factory gadecie) becuse the infirene of the dissaymies yines ef megnete frp of the me goede Palsides SPbed Vem she casting supfure beromes wekeln with phe gistune, do that eos tity far s away sith dhe déeth, ihe. defertS (erm Mobi tt pe veniCd by mugnehic “Pupricle {NS e(tinM ctpequcachiNg pmacKs Ahermes Chucks, sem s , 1y bS) Jhihding ca ce ave aluPs mop -meqiie iM sions faHgue _. pucks , hod de dessesc. mugnet'C Cupricie tngoeuidn {cr paltty simple rad ey dechnidue- itis curnas+ free foam dy essai ton 16 t0s}2e , Spy Pe, comPasitio & an beytmens of Lerbomy gnew > SPeuMen. _ 4b - —\r tearuge fiel)-any yiddem fener e wish the _-————murgoeric vines of fatece ahis voce fie ———eisttebunce canbe dereited bs iss affect — _— Po 0 mu gnetiC pupticies edhich paliect —— —on_+he weylon af diseantinutay cing ele ie fine neue aad ng ahe chunk i quiline — cid co Supsumfuce gefert bs og furry | coe cdion ofthe mugacdi Cpeprpcies onthe — ______cubfare neclie the _disconsinurry. =)! Muyimum Sensitivity of inafcortio fs Obwine g ____| when the discontinuity ies tn adine ction | mane so the Philo} magnet fred ang | wohen +he stbenyth of magne tle freig ig guSeb L enough 40 grtubute the sectioN getay | ony Sei fed. + | pooredubes | in 7 et) magnetizing the com _panend fib} [ete ce cerning) ; j a) APPIN magnenc ea ices on AN 2 Lo Ponen+ Pet bt CD) LocepiN gy phe yefects fgube pci shows mtg nesic fuy Aleigs in u mug nedize d 64 conscinshg — cL) subface gisensti nuit : @)— subsurface giscons laut dy P_potignebi2e) bede_ap cesting i Pa choc cr ervold_imennuets magnet Fei) tke magneiCfield get disoioics the mag Nara permebliity ofuir being 190 yer _ cot Cubiso with {oP phe me yneriC_ _ Ruy ce hess auto yet coound th Vold come _ofd{he magnefic Fur yimeS exteny,__— An = : _— _ ows Re ofthe meta in the = ove wWthe _ dis caminuldy, is naticed OP inputee overa— _— ahe_disionsi nuty anythe disvansinucty — Sn oire Lar yore). aiseinetit beret Se —— theme genic papdides ues ane os << Cl+ CLOY gisconsiNypits ore cine & = a to FRY Sarees time i dhen Fee . -Tn.seettio ND Whe eters nieig metho ¥ yo findsug AM ies i Sup face ce SHETES ) imme me dgnetic ha WE cha sabbing, ey nar . Pras eH Popes Lay Poraisle ress eursige ; Puptie seg ting i EYPERIMENT MOi 10 object ve TO mens tama she Prcesune of ac HAY (reattbe of inaicersio the = _ cut diH4 ctng_gensitivitss ofthe utlorgun sn d_ Edgy cd phen tes* ends G) Mitbusoni ¢+esri ng Ln de oduct oy es Used AO yerect cuNa! OCue | se vefectS Fe ist&h_cts_Shhink¢£ e_,covithes creeks, ___ =| _Oehositss aA) labye meieutcinelt $1245 [ cod ll thith megs conbe measubes Th cloe | we: set, 2 tuiblecpa nC uibncisions ct bere yt o Lletudte pefecss in femhous Ung nanieror meses) P1astiC) aNd cele mies. 3. Uiatersoate in spedion fob flow acre ct10V) mines teak aconsar © weves coith ‘fheauedrg iN ahenany.e af 20 |cH2 ceOyemday> Ich ceper_be dhentmided tho Eh solids ung beFleried $$ Subcumlure pete ct. _ lathe we ofsound weives do jedeb min ec je fet) _ Tacveng old lancien+ meshed. if oie ce ~ afmeicl ts séiucit bs 4 hamm eywit iyi 1] ~ weldlcrd © fered n_curdible easy 40 heel ya - motes oF which Pith ong crm pny mug »beintwene dr 63 dhe Ppeenre.o#— - f —— ——— anal i MAeenal_Fiaws, woweven this +echniq Ue _—— ef hummening ang tisseniNy ts useful ont ¥y —— fo JAereinayion of reriog e pe Lecis. S| HEP s0ung Waves ertboy JO ei ble_roungyo with ———Hreauence EOS milfon_nence THS Known et SUM hauSonic. | 6 tbtetson tc rs cr fast, Pel bie, noh-de sAhucHiVve ~~ 42saing_methoa which emmys es etree ning ~ {ePoduled high Poece once sound Wares they -) . lilt penetrate mere Sy viguids eng other | es LAANS ct 4- 1 see 3. OF seve bet | +hOU 5uNg | feed tser, —__A-Nitieusom'c wuves foo wDTempe usueny Produled (os Pleemerec pic madsemuts .shese | yaa terres uml go cichun¥e fp ehysicy || | gimensrn 5 When Sub erted to ele+brc | fielg. g. hig conversion oferectbic fields > | Pie g-o¢ plore lecth?c cl sicl, the Lebystal will exeundadubing thefibsa | net ofcy cle aNd can$tac+ When +he letecaimé fie JTS pewerce g. BY WEPVING the bequency Of tha a Hebnatring ClecrhrC 7 sj _ fet) we cud Vary the foenuency af he mech unt cet) Vike ff9Y) opdduc ed i'n the Ze eWMsial - VW elt2 54 WHIZ Seg uth ome a © Scllloascop & inal T i Teantguee i : are yd LeuniSuntedll Td : Eho i dae - | ie G epucke J —_ 7 Sf Teeny pow felts |G Gorse > aa oh OA4 ECHO), Or CUCIS ———— wh Unmet Y pucic ln by me ah Rea cea Ah _——Olthasgni¢ 3¢54 meshags * th mug ahdnomiasfav methony ee ais Method Mises erMeri+buso nic PS +hunsduren on etch sigeof the pec being ———— in secede. dian eetrira | euise of th © ——dé Sibes frequency is apeifedio tho —_—— —Houasmitting cyst |, the witeasanic 4 ——_Cleltpice euise oF the gesiheg oe aS es Pprie } +0 +h ¢ C tpap miHiOg chysi cil» —+he Uitbasoni C wave Produce d will — —_—_thuye\ throug hshe sPecmen 20+h e gyhe yo Sid @. +he perejviny aan soureys on th C —_______oPPosryre side per eive sho wibhasioms eB converts them (h+o0 an erect esul 61 ¢ he} than cup be ammi fled cng aber lO) 2N+he cathode puy dub eat oN oScillasaP oO ____uimetele om some othele inditaton. j+ she —___uithusoniC wave teavels thoough jhe if sPeciMen withow ben unteeing any few | th A sitnal received Is woyet ly er pyO. Cf theb Ops a fiow Indhe Puthotthe ie pave Partof the energy Will be _ esti-na\pedi veo! bys the west VINE jving AOU NS IuLeo § be waccced = - ‘ pe ThE PULSE Bebo wm edhod 4 | = this metho d.uses one than sauce ___—_twhitch setores ces bath -teuns mibte ro ctn WeCeeva tS come crs-th e than.smisol) | ene thod. = AS gound ave o ite Wis, Hyerrncsietin d= i bethy tesyea, oubt of [Eis welette : | tutte bo phe chy el whebe [+15 | panverored atk toon. eectimcet | ___ fr pure 2 | chis_ fm puyse ser pu Fle gud mended wisible cS aM INdradt{oy pp pi ®adthe screen Oft¢he osciVior® ___sahen *hesoun jwave poached) +h __ otherm Side Of dhematenfal ys neflected buck any shwS ct pPfPon+he 7 Screen Mywthebye the wight af-fipsh _ fe. i thene i floo _petwee ) Fron A | ers betel erotic cotthe -musemau), | fh oi shows ay cr thie d A Pen theo — Scheen befweeY dhe 00 fNarfesionys __- folo the frottandbuch subfeces. SIC ANC VR CHoas et dhe gstl lose SOME MeO the Clanses yin O Ime Yy Malle ton of ghe eure 4eorn, Whee (hod ON) back guptaces he JIMUNCL, Ledeen MNaltagi ons [4 q WEN @ Of he ThYOK pens Af +he peugepiest MC feca hen ol cr aelens yous therfome GC ceeGubasery dederoroines board Lp eicaxioas ay Wve seneen, Coin ravyen Pubs S ex flim of Oilensupeg Man pels Condack berween thecwYy sad |. ScechochiNg unit ond yest Piece. cmaiem Pars Mas be elise d fog sank of WIG4C 1D o\\ a gts nthe. Chrystal ser achiog Minis dbansmits gouny waves rypugh+he ME Jill cand WMO meatebia\ Geiny evumine) —= @(ose ex qmina ston obthe ascilosee —_.. gchee ND iNshe Prcuwe nows the Prenence of Ane @ piPs the reft iP Ingicures +hetoonr —ofshe Piere whe might piP the puck cfthe “01 Pce aNd the smemre cenit PIM isafy —F Moteaiton of flow. aeceiv © eund i is L a apse ly 2nd r aeaal z ienity HT, ——Rereive f 7 J 7 enone 5 a j Foca + Awash Ad TM sms io ny : = | bean. ry erig\e- 7 a SS ae. papain’ cn OT = Bre oe eA f A oh Chee 9 or x — eft. | edan Cl - BON) breeuy pet 1 grrehtarinciionn i192 0010) 1 sey cexenmeisbnta Of eo x | ) ammprebes tO. sphice Ey Prins TT peucnundt - ok heats «7 = ; yin wa] c Gpuib uefa no Finsinund yn ee Rpase Oren oT, OF, al ‘ PP ications: Fae sea ips used do gesect crn) locate sush sefect os — ____shhinxuge cavitles imernal busts Of clunks ,— : Ro Po slag and wrPge noh-metaiiiic inciusfol AS— _ a. Wall nick ness canbe mesubed in aciae vessel. _ CounpiaNt 1 S_.use do hey P amare con 4+. cace —_— ______petweeN +hetounsdureh Zen) sub face of _m weniul='+ eepfem§ the funcsionot namonnt_ ails fro fn-hetuwen of a megium -for Prope ke __thansfe 2 of sauna vibnurfons. ft musom aeriay fons ete? y mill _rompnents Rois snafts % onive __| Press —cotern ms, Power eauimeN+ Mhbin © | foe yihy Jen bcos potor , Jet eng ing PcjoaS _ jun ning 2 com Press te forging ¢casving | cove ponents Aihbcumacit+ componenss—_—— i= r FY ~ wpehe do ingPecdon |when+o ——_—__ | Bdvaniage 5 ynetho.d us.e WS Sri a, 2 vadhesoniC ying iy AMeKnsang | Face, Pulse echo | i MierMent heady Non meronig {de Penasco, — defects, weathers \$ sheets) | ect. 5.310 OP epg clouC KS; ltt Ss _lasbeing woods 1 | tenes “ger hig” OF band, /formyings easaings), Udo mension, ~ laminicaiiong | fei ane foesuyt of der 3 4 ' POR SSH) | Progyesia YW | im meaicritl §. [ ps derermib(Ng | te sring insebivice ani pei Oly ano Ub 4esaingy | pondable, Wghhiy Sipyquned bh 2egan d | Aateryr@ THITK esses a gens niVO a = —_ Le dh esiVe bande, solms _ a i Pion nS) aii ws a ice poe —|-Aecnives con jut or, im Menshdn of Rit |__| inter ereycaion | LoF wectg ings. Jee | tha i hihg. ee ee (GB) £924 cure nd Tesring an troduction: __—__ pnincipje » : Ws ——— pete c4upnen+ inspetrion ts buseyon the — Principles of eretromay netic ingucsion and ———1s_use 9 +0 jaentify ov giff ependtare A between wijo vipers of ehysicul sau sidbe and Mertiuidpgical congysions (neectbicany pe. cangucti¥e feroo -rmugnerc wna non- febbornay het ic mers. Ponce qube ws hao 2 ae =) __pn_edes_eupbens testing a avuling magnen Cc ___| Fier) is Proterey fF cauce of aq sauce oF anopiting current i5 pon necyee tog coll when +his floid cs Plate 3 peated tea Specimen cara bie of conayosing cif) eretdnicer ) euphenst, eddy cuhbent$ wit) be fhautes vmhe me _soefmen, The erdy cuploents in tubeniiwtl) Pho jure a magnetf(C fieldof hela ¢wn.The : MY Yoit will peqsuye dhis Dew meagre C 2) aa ronvert thesiyna | {nto a vag o shds Ld op _cimeye Row U4 CAthae —loery yy be Pied pey1plEs such us pare INES 4 riley co Pas i}to? chemitel pubis” Nd heat dore4 cong Hon insye nee the megneric fel ; a. d-maty be Mecisttlo ¢ bd dibecdly ay y Ee b Vy pr treo meeyn ert preencdlh; Oe eal te sy 1 EIT HET FS 1. mag) LT S ecannens) gah i oF =i [_Blecihicn fora . Ra} ep iG} = Pay ke a : = ) EB 7 2) jefe nib cs fay ule, very ¢ 7° -— the: 165+ eo) ) = ha “the pur tohe Tnsperteyts o1ace-d wiih on Agsdcent taan ey ecthiccatl tnwhreh an ——Alifonesing cubensis flowing this ——_H42pnatiny curren) Cau SPS aye y—cunpen 4 — —_40-floW Th she paphasu pesult of ———€l_ et+nv Manedte (nh yuction the flow of ———-&ddy_cubh ents inthe Quet depensSan+th e — ——“1eCtbicii- -huhna che brstits of the Pay, the eb esence Ow absence af faurs of orhe b- | d1Scansinuittes Mnghe pup) The change {n few of eddy cupbenys —____cuuség by jhe presiance of acral jn _ pie “as shown in fF in secsion AB, no — —_____ ceank 15 Present ang eddy cure ens flow [ rom. e¢hfter|s ThsettoN B-B,whre cy js Phesend +h e eddy -curp ens floors dan} change Jin ginection, ausing ificanh changeS iMane assSocruse dg e+thomugnedic fed the elecsramayonedfe gig suPbdunain gy ci Cubs te Penas Pubdiy 2 Prope ps es ANS Chupyctebistic § the Pubs. ci etic | conguct Vit of dne dys aN ~Mpopre A+ role for eddy ~ _ i Hk meso nse tre conauceivrry of M me gpencully ceffecded 64 dhe com DesitiOn, 4h ¥ pmichossube gbty f heer voect me pt + MU ot aac en Clef We oe 1 1b D-the cause of fepbume bumag ent amei3tria ext cue M™ the mare bid) pesu td 1 Ih th a AS nesi2usdh a { Nth? Pup } qo be teste). ¢h € Ody Netrage | cor be meas? eusily ans wi hee _ | Ag peut pesPonre to the change inthe sthuctine una Phove pre $ oF¢¢he rctio id. Sl she frease Mey er antes: wnelalDg. = eee cab sa cunt} + “ns nesh J eungey Soom 200° epi? to gyioSn?2. pj mas insoe. cpio afnan—maugnerl Cc Oro reinties ets eve Chics) canoucsivity— maynen'c perm-ebilit}, gioul N.si20; her + He. €atmens condi Hon, had hes 3 avd phgscat Conafsion. Gi) Aovede th Secims 1405, Grae ks ,valdsao } ph ustons Pa Oio lo: airdmilan an mM

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